貉群暴发犬瘟热的诊断

为了对2006年7~9月间山东、河北的多个地区貉群发病情况进行诊断,根据临床症状,剖检变化,实验室诊断,确诊为犬瘟热病。     

蜂针治疗强直性脊柱炎的体会

一、概述强直性脊柱炎(Ankylosing Sporidylitis;AS)是一种主要累及脊柱,中轴骨骼和四肢大关节,并以椎间盘纤维环及其附近结缔组织纤维化和骨化,及关节强直为病变特点的慢性滑膜炎症疾病。早期关节滑膜增生性肉芽肿、逐渐出现软骨糜烂、破坏,     

Based serum metabolomics analysis reveals simultaneous interconnecting changes during chicken embryonic development

Metabolic disorder is a major health problem and is associated with a number of metabolic diseases. Due to native hyperglycaemia and resistance to exogenous insulin, chickens as a model had used in the studies of adipose tissue biology, metabolism and obesity. But no detailed information is available about the comprehensive changes of serum metabolites at different stages of chicken embryonic development. This study employed LC/MS‐QTOF to determine the changes of major functional metabolites at incubation day 14 (E14d), 19 (E19d) and hatching day 1 (H1d), and the associated pathways of differential metabolites during chicken embryonic development were analysed using Metabolite Set Enrichment Analysis method. Results showed that 39 metabolites were significantly changed from E14d to E19d and 68 metabolites were significantly altered from E19d to H1d in chicken embryos. Protein synthesis was promoted by increasing the concentrations of L‐glutamine and threonine, and gonadal development was promoted through increasing oestrone content from E14d to E19d in chicken embryos, which indicated that serum glutamine, threonine and oestrone contents may be considered as the candidate indicators for assessment of early embryonic development. 2‐oxoglutaric acid mainly contributed to enhancing the citric cycle, and it plays an important role in improving the growth of chicken embryos at the late development; the decreasing of L‐glutamine, L‐isoleucine and L‐leucine contents from E19d to H1d in chicken embryonic development implied their possible functions as the feed additive during early posthatch period of broiler chickens to satisfy the growth. These results provided insights into understand the roles of serum metabolites at different developmental stages of chicken embryos, it also provides available information for chicken as a model to study metabolic disease or human obesity.     

乌蒙山冷凉山区饲用燕麦农艺性状与营养品质评价

为高效利用乌蒙山区丰富的冬闲田资源,对17份饲用燕麦(Avena sativa L.)开展了农艺性状与营养成分的比较试验。结果显示,平均生育期为194～226 d,出苗-拔节期时长超过生育期50%;农艺性状变异系数多数高于10%,产量(28.42%)和有效分蘖(30.52%)最高。不同品种粗蛋白(Crude protein, CP)和酸性洗涤纤维(Acid detergent fiber, ADF)含量差异显著(P<0.05),分别为8.33%～10.13%和25.32%～30.15%;中性洗涤纤维(Neurtral detergent fiber, NDF)含量为50.51%～57.58%,品种差异不显著;相对饲喂价值(Relative feed value, RFV)为106.57～133.83,品种间差异显著(P<0.05)。‘永久444’ADF含量显著高于其他品种(P<0.05),爱沃RFV显著高于其他品种(P<0.05);各指标间存在密切相关关系,穗粒数与产量正相关(P<0.05),生育期与CP正相关(P<0.05);铃铛数、NDF、有效分...     

苜蓿地撂荒过程中土壤-微生物-胞外酶及化学计量的变化

紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)作为优良修复草种在黄土高原广泛种植,然而随着农村人口迁移及土地利用变化,苜蓿人工草地大量弃置的问题已引起广泛关注。为研究苜蓿弃置草地土壤质量变化规律,本研究分析了不同弃置年限(0年、5年和10年)苜蓿草地土壤养分、微生物量、参与土壤碳氮磷(C,N,P)循环的胞外酶活性及其化学计量变化。结果表明：总体上,土壤和微生物C,N含量随弃置年限呈增加趋势,而C,N相关胞外酶活性和化学计量变化幅度较小;土壤和微生物P含量随弃置年限增加而显著降低,但P相关胞外酶活性及化学计量均有不同程度的增加。进一步分析发现：相较于其他土层,表层(0～20 cm)土壤C,N,P含量及其酶活性较高,其变化趋势与总体结果相似;亚表层土壤(20～40 cm)和(80～100 cm)深层土壤C,N,P含量及其酶活性呈先增后减趋势,且各指标较于表层土壤均降低40%～80%。相关分析表明弃置草地土壤由于P匮乏而逐步退化,可通过补施磷肥改善。     

SRT1720 enhances maturity and quality of oocytes in aged mice

This study aims to investigate the morphology and distribution of mitochondria, spindles, and chromosomes in oocytes of aged mice and examine the effects of SRT1720 on oocyte maturation. C57BL/6J mice were divided into young (4–8 weeks) and aged groups (48–52 weeks). In vitro maturation media contained (0.05, 0.1, and 1.0 μM) SRT1720 and 0.1-μM dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO control). The rate of chromosome misalignment and spindle misorientation in oocytes of aged mice were significantly higher than that of young mice (P < 0.01). Fluorescence intensity of mitochondria from oocytes of aged mice was significantly lower than that of young mice (P < 0.01). SRT1720 at 0.1 μM significantly improved oocyte maturation, fertilization, and blastocyst formation in aged mice compared with young mice (P < 0.01). Additionally, immunofluorescence intensity of mitochondria, normal spindle morphology, and chromosome alignment were notably enhanced with SRT1720 when compared with the DSMO control group for metaphase II (MII)-stage oocytes matured in vitro (P < 0.01); 0.1-μM SRT1720 enhanced the expression level of SRIT1 in oocytes from aged mice. In summary, the aged mice oocytes showed increased nuclear and cytoplasmic defects, whereas SRT1720 enhanced oocyte maturation and quality. We concluded that 0.1-μM SRT1720 was an appropriate concentration for in vitro maturation media.     

博落回水提取物对大肠杆菌攻毒断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻指数和肠道健康的影响

本试验旨在探究饲粮添加博落回水提取物对产肠毒素大肠杆菌（ETEC）攻毒断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻指数和肠道健康的影响。试验选取30头28日龄健康“杜×长×大”三元杂交断奶仔猪[体重（8.22±0.98） kg],随机分为3个组,每组10个重复,每个重复1头猪。对照组和模型组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮的基础上添加1 mL/kg的博落回水提取物。预试期3 d,正试期18 d。在正试期第15天,模型组和试验组每只试验猪灌胃10 mL浓度为2×109CFU/mL的ETEC K88菌液,对照组灌胃同一剂量的无菌LB培养液。结果表明：1）第1～14天（攻毒前）,与对照组相比,试验组断奶仔猪平均日增重显著提高（P <0.05）,料重比显著降低（P <0.05）。第15～18天（攻毒后）和整个试验期（第1～18天）,各组断奶仔猪生长性能无显著差异（P>0.05）。2）攻毒后24 h,与对照组相比,模型组断奶仔猪腹泻指数显著提高（P<0.05）;与模型组相比,试验组腹泻指数略有降低,但差异不显著（P>0.05）。攻毒后48 h,与对照组相比,模型组断奶仔猪腹泻指数显著提高（...     

奶牛热应激研究进展

当前以源自北欧的不耐热品种荷斯坦牛作为我国主要的奶用品种遍布全国各地,随着其生产性能的不断提高其热应激的表现也越来越严重。特别是在南方农区热应激造成的经济损失十分明显。因此,研究采取有效的预防措施,消除热应激对奶牛的影响,对保证奶牛高产稳产具有重要的经济意义。     

猪的肌内脂肪生成及其调控

肌内脂肪含量是猪肉食用品质的主要决定因素,尤其对肉的嫩度、风味和多汁性有着重要的影响。肌内脂肪的生成主要受到营养和基因的调控。文中就猪的肌内脂肪的生成及其影响因素作一综述。     

一步法实时定量RT-PCR检测小反刍兽疫病毒方法的建立

建立了检测小反刍兽疫病毒的快速、特异的基于Taqman的一步法实时定量RT-PCR方法。通过对GenBank已公布的小反刍兽疫病毒N基因序列进行序列比较分析,设计了一对特异性引物和一条Taqman探针。利用这对引物和探针对来自不同疫源地的小反刍兽疫病毒RNA样本进行检测,都获得了特异性扩增,但是,不与牛瘟病毒、海豚麻疹病毒等其他种的麻疹病毒属病毒发生交叉反应。本方法具有高度灵敏性,最低可检测到810拷贝的RNA模板。在模板浓度为8.1×102到8.1×108拷贝范围内,都呈现良好的线性关系,而且无论是组内和或组间重复的变异系数都很低。