基本农田变化信息在不同空间分辨率卫星影像中的提取方法研究

本文介绍了不同分辨率影像中基本农田变化信息的提取方法,重点介绍了中低分辨率影像中基于光谱知识的信息自动提取方法．以岳池县花园镇为例,采用的影像是2001年的TN和2006年SPOT2进行对比分析、识别、运算,然后提取。经分析得出不同空间分辨率影像中变化信息采用不同的方法进行提取,并对两种方法进行比较,可为今后的基本农田遥感动态监测提供更简单快捷的方法。     

水貂品种、性别、年龄及外源褪黑激素与食毛症发病率相关分析

对大连水貂场5个品种水貂食毛症发病情况进行统计,分析不同品种、性别、年龄及埋植外源褪黑激素等因素与水貂食毛症发病率的相关性,以探讨水貂食毛症的病因及其影响因素.结果表明,金州黑、咖啡、银蓝、红眼白、美国短毛黑5个品种种间差异对食毛症的发病率影响显著(P＜0.05),其中咖啡水貂发病率最高为12.61%;性别对食毛症发病...     

Feline immunodeficiency virus, feline leukaemia virus, Toxoplasma gondii, and intestinal parasitic infections in Taiwanese cats

A population consisting of 70 breeder cats, 43 clinical cases, and 16 feral cats was examined for the presence of Toxoplasma gondii, feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), and feline leukaemia virus (FeLV). No oocysts of T. gondii were observed in 96 faecal samples; faecal samples were not available from the feral cats. Other intestinal parasites identified included Isospora felis (three cats), Isospora rivolta (five), Dipylidium canium (two), Toxocara cati (four), Toxascaris leonina (one), and Ancylostoma sp. (two). Using a kinetics-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on 117 sera including all the feral cats, nine had antibody to T. gondii antigen, three for antigens to FIV, and seven to the p27 antigen of FeLV. Of the nine cats with antibody to T. gondii, only one was also infected with FIV.     

砾石对石灰土表面干缩裂隙发育特征的影响

[目的]研究砾石粒径及含量对石灰土表面干缩裂隙发育特征的影响,为探索喀斯特地区的水土流失机理提供参考依据。[方法]通过室内模拟试验和数字图像处理技术,研究了砾石粒径(2.0～5.0 mm和5.0～12.5 mm)和砾石含量(0%,10%,20%,30%,40%)条件下的石灰土表面干缩裂隙特征。[结果]①无砾石石灰土平均表面裂隙率仅为3.03%,含砾石石灰土具有更大的表面裂隙率,在大粒径(5.0～12.5 mm)高含量(40%)条件下,表面裂隙率最大,达到8.66%;②当砾石含量增加时,裂隙的形态变得细小且密集,小粒径砾石会使裂隙网络更复杂;③大粒径(5.0～12.5 mm)条件下的土壤表面裂隙率与砾石含量成正线性相关,而小粒径(2.0～5.0 mm)条件下的裂隙率与砾石含量成负线性相关;④砾石会成为裂隙发育的基点,每个砾石颗粒周围都有可能产生围绕砾石或是向外延伸的裂隙。且在砾石形态的棱角处,容易产生向外延伸的裂隙。[结论]石灰土中存在砾石会导致表面裂隙率提高,弱化土体的抗侵蚀能力,是石漠化治理不容忽视的问题。     

江汉平原中山杉引种造林试验研究

通过在江汉平原开展中山杉6个品系的引种造林试验。结果表明,引进的6个品系中山杉无严重病虫害发生,各生长指标均大于池杉,11 a生中山杉平均胸径为17.61 cm、树高为11.06 m、材积为0.1297 m^3,表明中山杉在江汉平原的引种试验基本成功,其中中山杉502和中山杉118最为突出,适合在江汉平原推广造林,丰富江汉平原造林树种。     

优化高效液相色谱法测定棉籽粕中游离棉酚的含量

本试验旨在建立一种测定棉籽粕中游离棉酚含量的高效液相色谱(hPLC)法的优化方法.试验采用丙酮提取棉籽粕样品,经超声、离心、抽滤、旋转蒸发处理,用乙腈-0.2％磷酸(体积比为85∶15)溶液溶解;色谱条件为:色谱柱Agilent TC-C18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.2％磷酸(体积比为85∶15)溶液,流速1.0mL/min,紫外检测波长235nm,进样量20μL,柱温25℃.结果得出,游离棉酚的回归标准曲线为y=189347x+24969(r=0.99999),在游离棉酚含量为0.1224～78.336 μg/mL范围内线性良好,最低定量限为0.52mg/kg;棉籽粕样品36h内4℃稳定性的相对标准偏差在1.51％～3.43％;平均回收率在94.72％～99.49％,相对标准偏差在1.72％～3.13％.可知,本方法稳定性好,准确度、灵敏度和回收率高.     

睾丸支持细胞的功能、分离纯化及鉴定研究进展

支持细胞对维持精子形成过程中的微环境起决定作用,它可以通过分泌功能、细胞间连接形成的血睾屏障功能以及吞噬功能等来促进精子的形成过程,其发育异常会导致不同程度的雄性生殖缺陷。基于支持细胞在雄性动物生殖过程中的作用,体外培养高纯度支持细胞可成为研究睾丸两大核心功能-精子发生和性激素分泌功能相关调节机制重要的细胞模型。此外,体外培养睾丸支持细胞也可作为生殖毒理学等新兴热点领域的细胞模型,为评估和研究环境因素对雄性生殖的影响提供便利。因此,作者系统地归纳、总结了目前关于动物支持细胞生物功能的研究及常用的体外分离纯化、培养及鉴定方法,以期为利用动物支持细胞开展雄性生殖领域的研究提供参考。     

气吸圆盘式微型薯排种器设计与试验

针对微型薯等大粒种子不易充种问题,设计了一种可振动供种的气吸圆盘式微型薯排种器。阐述了该排种器的工作原理,通过理论计算与数值模拟,确定了其主要结构参数。为寻求最佳工作参数组合,采用三因素四水平正交试验方法,对排种器进行排种性能试验,结果表明:影响其排种性能的主次因素依次为作业速度、振动频率和吸种负压,较优参数组合为作业速度2.4 km/h、振动频率6.5 Hz、吸种负压6 k Pa,在此条件下排种合格指数为94.2、漏播指数为1.7、重播指数为4.1,满足微型薯的精密播种要求。研究了振动供种机构对微型薯造成的损伤情况:在不同的振动频率下,微型薯的破损率均小于1%,振动供种机构对微型薯的损伤不大。     

一些常用农药对斑马鱼的毒性与安全评价

采用半静态法在室内测定了一些常用农药对斑马鱼的急性毒性,并根据<化学农药环境安全评价试验准则>中农药对鱼类的毒性等级划分,评价了这些农药对鱼类的安全性.结果表明:有1种药剂的96h LC50＜0.1mg/L,属于剧毒级;6种药剂的96h C50为0.1～1.0 mgCL,属于高毒级;8种药剂的96h C50为1.0～10 mg,L,属于中毒级;6种药剂的96h LC50＞10 mg/L,属于低毒级.     

Genetic diversity and identification of race 3 of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fusarium oxysporum</Emphasis> f. sp. <Emphasis Type="Italic">lactucae</Emphasis> in Taiwan

Sorghum is an important drought tolerant crop cultivated for food and fodder purposes. Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum graminicola is a major constraint in sorghum productivity in India. Certain antagonistic fungi, that were isolated in the previous study from the rhizosphere and rhizoplane of perennial grasses in India, were studied for their antagonism in vitro to C. graminicola, root colonization ability and rhizosphere competence. Out of 138 isolates tested, 89 were antagonistic. Fifteen fungal isolates with greater than 70 % in vitro inhibition zone to the pathogen tested positive for root and rhizosphere colonization abilities. Three isolates – Chaetomium globosum isolate 57, Trichoderma harzianum isolate 184 and Fusarium oxysporum (NSF isolate 9) with prominent biocontrol potentials were tested for the control of sorghum anthracnose in greenhouse and field. Chaetomium globosum, Trichoderma harzianum and Fusarium oxysporum isolates decreased seedling mortality, and incidence and severity of disease at different growing stages. They promoted plant growth (dry biomass- 45.3, 40.0 and 46.7 %) and increased yield (grain biomass- 33.3, 23.8 and 49.2 %) respectively, over control in field. The population of the above fungi in soil was moderately high at harvest stage. The present investigation revealed that fungal isolates from rhizosphere and rhizoplane of perennial grasses could be employed to manage anthracnose and enhance plant growth and yield potentialities in sorghum, at the same time.