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11.
Sakai K Sakabe G Tani O Nakamura M Takehara K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(6):627-629
Three ostriches (Struthio camelus) were immunized with commercially available live and killed Newcastle disease (ND) vaccines for chickens and the antibody responses to the ND vaccines were evaluated by a virus-neutralization (VN) test. Primary vaccination with the live vaccine, B1, by eye drop was followed with two shots of alum-precipitated killed vaccine via subcutaneous injection in the neck. As a final booster, another live vaccine, Clone 30, was used by eye drop. A VN antibody titer, more than 1:10 was observed for 6 months. This is the first report on the use of a live vaccine by eye drop as a booster in ostriches as well as evaluating responses to ND vaccines using the VN test in this avian species. 相似文献
12.
Yamagami T Nomura K Fujita M Ozaki K Orima H Narama I 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(7):731-733
A 9-year-old, castrated male Japanese domestic cat presented with a complaint of exertional dyspnea. Based on the radiographic findings, presumptive diagnosis of aspiration pneumonia or primary diffuse pulmonary neoplasia in the right middle lobe was made. Histologically, the pulmonary lesion was characterized by diffuse thickening of alveolar wall with the proliferation of apparently atypical irregular-shaped cells. Immunohistochemical staining using anti-human factor VIII-related antigen antiserum showed positive reaction in the cytoplasm of the atypical cells. According to the findings, the lesion was diagnosed as pulmonary intravascular hemangiosarcoma. 相似文献
13.
Koji Azegami Takanori Tsukamoto Takayuki Matsuura Tatsuji Ohara Yasuhiro Inoue Akifumi Mizuno Kouji Yoshida Hideo Bessho Shigeru Kimura Masao Goto 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2004,70(6):336-341
Invasion and colonization of mature apple fruit by a transformant of Erwinia amylovora tagged with bioluminescence genes from Vibrio fischeri was examined. The transformant was deposited on cut surfaces of fruit stems, wounds on the shoulders and calyces, injured fruit-bearing twigs of harvested apple fruit, and cut fruit flesh. After incubation in closed stainless steel or plastic boxes at 25°C, fruit were periodically observed with a two-dimensional luminometer. The presence of the transformant in luminous areas was confirmed by isolating it on selective media. E. amylovora, when deposited in fruit stems: (1) can invade mature as well as immature apple fruit; (2) vertically and horizontally spreads and colonizes along vascular bundles, increasing its population; (3) reaches the calyx end and the flesh just under the exocarp within 3–4 days after inoculation; (4) when deposited on cut fruit flesh, irrespective of its maturity, can easily increase its population and survive 2–4 weeks or more at 25°C; and (5) even at the time of fruit maturation, can migrate within twigs rapidly and reaches the abscission layers between fruit-bearing twigs and fruit stems. 相似文献
14.
Iori Imazaki Kouji Ishikawa Nobuko Yasuda Atsushi Miyasaka Shinji Kawasaki Shinzo Koizumi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2006,72(2):77-84
We collected 247 isolates of Cercospora kikuchii from soybean seeds with typical purple stain symptoms from 15 prefectures in Japan. Of the 247 isolates, 93 were sensitive
to thiophanate-methyl, a benzimidazole used to control this soybean disease; the remaining 154 were highly resistant to the
fungicide. To examine genetic variability among the population of 247 isolates, we developed amplified fragment length polymorphism
(AFLP) markers. An AFLP primer pair generated DNA fingerprint polymorphisms among the sample isolates, and with the unweighted
pair-grouping method to cluster arithmetic means of the similarity coefficients among all pairs of the fingerprint patterns,
the isolates were divided into four lineages (I to IV). Of the 247 isolates, 225 belonged to lineage I, including all isolates
that were resistant to thiophanate-methyl. To determine whether the resistance of these isolates was related to mutations
in the β-tubulin gene, we amplified partial nucleotide sequences of the gene from 29 representative isolates, including 12
that were resistant to thiophanate-methyl, by means of the polymerase chain reaction. The resistant isolates had identical
nucleotide sequence with a one-step change at codon 198, in which the amino acid glutamic acid had been replaced by alanine.
The evidence thus suggests that thiophanate-methyl resistance might have arisen in lineage I, the largest of the four lineages.
The nucleotide sequence data reported are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under accession numbers AB214511 to
AB214515 相似文献
15.
Jahangir A Watanabe Y Chinen O Yamazaki S Sakai K Okamura M Nakamura M Takehara K 《Avian diseases》2008,52(1):49-53
Among winter migratory waterfowl, Northern pintails (Anas acuta), in one of the largest flocks in Tohoku district, northeast Japan, were surveyed for influenza A viruses at five wintering sites in three prefectures, viz., Aomori, Akita, and Miyagi. A total of 38 influenza A viruses were isolated from 2066 fecal samples collected during November 2006 through March 2007. The overall isolation rate was 1.84%. Eleven different subtypes were isolated, including nine H5N2, seven H6N8, seven H10N1, four H4N6, three H6N1, three H11N9, and one each of H1N1, H6N2, H6N5, H10N9, H11N1. Only the H4N6 subtype was detected during two successive months, November and December, from Lake Ogawara of Aomori prefecture. One wintering site, Lake Izunuma of Miyagi prefecture, was negative for virus isolation throughout the study period. During the sampling period, the highest virus isolation rate was in December (4.90%) followed by November (2.18%), January (0.91%), and February (0.30%). Virus isolation was negative for samples collected in March 2007. These results suggest that influenza viruses are introduced by Northern pintail when they migrate into Japan, but the viruses are not maintained in the flocks, most likely because the birds are not breeding during the winter. We believe that this relatively large data set creates a strong foundation for future studies of avian influenza virus (AIV) prevalence, evolution, and ecology in wintering sites, along with the role of Northern pintails in the spread of AIV during their migration from northern Russia and Asia to Japan. 相似文献
16.
Narezushi extract was separated into peptide and nonpeptide fractions by ion-exchange column chromatography. The narezushi extract and fractions were administered to rats in a diet enriched with lipid and cholesterol for 30 days. In the narezushi extract and nonpeptide fraction groups, increases in triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol
levels in the plasma and accumulation of total lipids and triglyceride in the liver were suppressed, while both lipid and
cholesterol fecal excretion were increased. In the peptide fraction group, these effects were also observed, except for the
suppressing effect on liver lipid accumulation. Narezushi extract administration tended to increase fecal bile acids and promoted the activity of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase, the rate-limiting
enzyme in the synthesis of bile acid from cholesterol in the liver. However, the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme
A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the cholesterol synthesis system in the liver, decreased due to regulation
by the feedback of lipid transportation from diet to the liver. These results suggest that both the increase in cholesterol
and bile acid fecal excretion and the promotion of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase activities are related to the hypocholesterolemic
effects of narezushi extract. Amino acids and organic acids, which are abundantly contained in the nonpeptide fraction, seemed to have more intensive
hypocholesterolemic effects than peptides existing in the peptide fraction. 相似文献
17.
ABSTRACT: The reliability of a mass-processing aging method for walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma was examined. The method is a half-otolith method, in which 10–20 otoliths are embedded simultaneously in black resin and the mass-processed half plane section is viewed under reflected light (black-resin method). Seasonal periodicity of otolith growth was confirmed by the monthly observations of the percent of translucent zone at the otolith edge, and interannual variation in age distribution detected the progression of dominant year-classes. These results support the assumption that the translucent zone is formed once a year. The black-resin method was compared to the break–burn method, which is the standard technique for this species. The estimated ages of these methods were not biased throughout the age range examined. The coefficient of variation in the black-resin method (4.9–5.7%) was similar to those of the break–burn method (3.5–5.5%). These results suggest that the black-resin method is reliable as an aging method for walleye pollock. 相似文献
18.
This study aims to identify the possible roles of a floodplain inbiogeochemical nitrogen cycles, based on analysis of groundwaterdynamics of inorganic nitrogen species. Groundwater samples collected from boreholes made of poly vinyl chloride located onthe floodplain in the middle reach of the Tama River, Nagata district were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon, dissolved oxygen, inorganic nitrogen compounds, major anions and the stableisotope ratio of nitrate-nitrogen.Dissolved oxygen in groundwater samples collected from marked borehole (G-5) was low (50 ± 16 μM) and nitrate decreasedfrom 63 μM to < 10 μM during our research period. Concentrations of nitrate, nitrite and nitrous oxide decreased one after the other. These decreases in concentration, combinedwith 15N-enrichment of groundwater nitrate suggest denitrification as a significant nitrate sink, yielding an isotopic fractionation of nitrate-nitrogen with an enrichment factor (ε= –17.9‰) that is comparable tothose in various soil and groundwater systems. This study provesthat floodplains can perform as nitrogen sinks for groundwaterin river catchments. 相似文献
19.
ABSTRACT: Lysozyme was purified from purple washington clam Saxidomus purpurata by sequential procedures using Chitopearl Basic BL-01 affinity and TSKgel ODS-120T column chromatographies. Molecular mass of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 12 kDa by SDS-PAGE. Optimum pH of the enzyme was 5.2 toward Micrococcus lysodeikticus cells. The optimum temperature was 50°C. The enzyme was stable in the range of pH 4.8–6.8 and 20–90°C. Further, the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the enzyme showed similarity to lysozymes from invertebrates. However, the specific activity of the enzyme toward M. lysodeikticus cells and p -nitrophenyl penta- N -acetyl- β -chitopentaoside was 143 times and 12 times higher than that of hen egg white lysozyme, respectively. 相似文献
20.
ABSTRACT: During the fermentation of mackerel to narezushi , the concentration of peptides required to inhibit 50% of the ACE activity in the assay media (IC50 ), as an index of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity, was remarkably decreased with a rapid increase in peptide contents. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) decreased between 2 and 4 h after the single oral administration of greater than 10 mg peptide/kg narezushi extract, and recovered to the initial level by 8 h thereafter. The SBP decreased at seven successive daily doses of 10 mg/kg of narezushi extract and then recovered to the initial level 5 days after stopping a total of 10 daily administrations. The extract was administered to five-week-old SHR rats for 70 days and SBP decreased 21 days after starting and continued for 28 days after the end of administration. The peptide-rich fraction from narezushi extract had a powerful antihypertensive effect, whereas the other fraction had a similar, but weak effect. 相似文献