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171.
172.
The distribution of tomato plants infected by Passalora fulva, causal agent of leaf mold, was analyzed by using Taylor’s model and Iwao’s model to assess the patterns of spatial distribution within the greenhouses. In Taylor’s model, the sample variance (s 2) of diseased plants newly recognized at each observation increased only slightly with mean density (m). In Iwao’s model, the mean crowding (m*) of newly recognized diseased plants at each observation increased with m of diseased plants. The statistical analysis in this study suggests that new infections in greenhouses observed during this investigation tended to cluster around a diseased plant and that secondary infections occurred as independent cluster points. 相似文献
173.
174.
Ono M Ohtaki T Tanemura K Ishii M Watanabe G Taya K Tsumagari S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(9):1145-1149
In the present study, the effect of 4-day fasting on steroid hormone metabolism in the liver and secretion of LH was examined in cows. Six non pregnant, dry Holstein cows were used. The estrous cycle was synchronized in all cows using CIDR-Ovsynch. Cows were allocated to a control group (n=3) and a fasting group (n=3). In the fasting group, cows were fasted for four days from day -4 to day -1 (day 0=day of 2nd GnRH injection) but otherwise were fed ad libitum. The experiment was repeated in a crossover design after an interval of about one month. The peripheral progesterone (P(4)) concentration in the fasting group was significantly higher than in the control group on day -1 and 0. The peripheral estradiol-17β concentration in the fasting group was also significantly higher than in the control group on day -1 and 0. The portal vein P(4) concentration in the fasting group was significantly higher than in the control group. On day 0, there was no difference in LH secretion between groups. The mean percentages of lipid droplets in liver cells in the fasting group were significantly higher than in the control group on day 0. These results suggest that short-term fasting leads to reduced hepatic steroid hormone metabolism by accumulation of fat in the liver, which causes high peripheral steroid hormone concentrations. 相似文献
175.
Tomioka Keisuke Sekiguchi Hiroyuki Nomiyama Koji Kawaguchi Akira Kawakami Akira Masunaka Akira Kobayashi Hidekazu Chiba Masahiro Nagata Kenji Ishikawa Naoyuki 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2021,87(5):273-280
Journal of General Plant Pathology - A ripening disorder with early blighting of foliage including spike bleaching was observed on bread wheat in May 2017 and durum wheat in May 2018 in... 相似文献
176.
Tomoyuki Shimazu Liushiqi Borjigin Yuki Katayama Meihua Li Takumi Satoh Kouichi Watanabe Haruki Kitazawa Sang‐gun Roh Hisashi Aso Kazuo Katoh Yoshihito Suda Akiko Sakuma Mituru Nakajo Keiichi Suzuki 《Animal Science Journal》2013,84(10):683-692
This study was conducted to evaluate immunological changes in peripheral blood leukocytes in pigs that were genetically selected for their improved resistance to mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine (MPS), using MPS vaccine as an antigen. Twelve castrated MPS‐selected Landrace pigs were compared with the same number of pigs from a nonselected line by using a time‐course analysis at the hematological level. After the second sensitization with MPS vaccine, the percentages of B cells, CD4+ T cells, and natural killer (NK) cells in total leukocytes were lower in the selected line than in the nonselected line, whereas the percentage of granulocytes in total leukocytes increased in the MPS‐selected line. We also assessed the proliferative ability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, lipopolysaccharide or concanavalin A, and found that although the proliferative ability of the PBMC was not different between the two lines at a steady state, the nonselected line showed a significantly higher proliferative ability after sensitization with MPS vaccine than the selected line regardless of antigens used. These results thus indicate that the selection of pigs on the basis of MPS resistance changes their immunophenotype, and would give us beneficial information for the prevention of MPS infection. 相似文献
177.
Akihiko Okahara Hidetoshi Tanioka Koichi Takada Kouichi Kawazu 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2013,26(4):343-349
This study was performed to assess the in vivo ocular toxicity of benzalkonium chloride (BAK) homologs compared with commercially available BAK (BAK mixture) and to assess the ocular toxicity of BAK homolog after repeated ocular application. Rabbit eyes were examined by ophthalmology and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after 10 applications of BAK homologs with C12 (C12-BAK) and C14 (C14-BAK) alkyl chain lengths and a BAK mixture at concentrations of 0.001% (w/v), 0.003% (w/v), 0.005% (w/v), 0.01% (w/v) and 0.03% (w/v). The ocular toxicity of C12-BAK to rabbit eyes was examined by ophthalmology and histopathology after repeated ocular application for 39 weeks. In addition, the antimicrobial activities of C12-BAK and C14-BAK against A. niger, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were assessed. Ocular toxicity of C12-BAK was less than those of the BAK mixture and C14-BAK. No ocular toxicity was noted after ocular application of 0.01% C12-BAK to rabbits for 39 weeks. C12-BAK showed antimicrobial activities at a concentration of 0.003%. These results suggest that the use of C12-BAK to replace BAK mixture as a preservative in ophthalmic solutions should be considered in order to reduce the incidence of the corneal epithelial cell injury induced clinically by BAK. 相似文献
178.
Akira Kawaguchi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2013,79(1):51-55
Differences in hrpZ sequences determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) were used to investigate the molecular epidemiology of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (PSS) strains that were isolated from diseased barley and wheat plants in Okayama, Japan. PCR–RFLP using HhaI separated PSS strains into two groups (A and B). Although specific PCR–RFLP groups of PSS strains were not always isolated from specific cultivars or seeds produced in a specific area, many strains isolated from barley and wheat belonged to PCR–RFLP groups A and B, respectively. 相似文献
179.
Differential characteristics of microfold cells on the dome epithelium of porcine ileum 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Taketomo KIDO Shyuichi OHWADA Kouichi WATANABE Hisashi ASO Takahiro YAMAGUCHI 《Animal Science Journal》2003,74(5):375-382
The monospecific antibody directed against cytokeratin 18 consistently immunostained microfold cells (M‐cells) in the ileum epithelium of pigs. In adult pigs, M‐cells were numerously distributed in the dome epithelium overlying Peyer's patches, especially in the crypt epithelium to the lower dome epithelium. The M‐cells presented in the crypt epithelium were mostly columnar in shape and showed a gradual transition from columnar cells to pocket‐like cells as they drew near the lower dome epithelium. In contrast, the M‐cells that were sporadically located in the villus epithelium were all columnar and similar to enterocytes in shape. In newborn pigs, a few M‐cells were observed only in the infant dome epithelium, which were all columnar resembling the enterocytes. Of the 19 lectins used, the dome epithelial cells were selectively stained by lectins from Ulex europaeus‐I and Anguuilla anguilla. Especially, the M‐cells were stained by lectin from Anguuilla anguilla although the intensity varied on individual pigs. Lymphoid follicles in the lamina propria were well developed in the adults compared to these in the newborns, and lymphoid cells were more populated in the lower part than the upper part of the dome. The present results provide available information to understand the differentiation and functional heterogeneity of porcine M‐cells. 相似文献
180.
Differentiation of Fusobacterium necrophorum subspecies from bovine pathological lesions by RAPD-PCR
Narongwanichgarn W Kawaguchi E Misawa N Goto Y Haga T Shinjo T 《Veterinary microbiology》2001,82(4):383-388
Nineteen strains from bovine abscesses identified as Fusobacterium necrophorum by the VPI method were examined by other methods. The API 20A test kit characterized all 19 strains as F. necrophorum. Seven of the strains had haemagglutinating activity and were classified as F. necrophorum subspecies necrophorum, and the remaining, 12 nonhaemagglutinating strains, were classified as F. necrophorum subspecies funduliforme. We used RAPD-PCR with a 10-mer oligonucleotide primer, W1L-2, to confirm this differentiation of the two subspecies. These results suggest that random amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) with a suitable primer can be used as a new tool for the differentiation of F. necrophorum subspecies isolated from bovine pathological lesions. 相似文献