Population crash in Lesotho's endemic Maloti minnow Pseudobarbus quathlambae following invasion by translocated smallmouth yellowfish Labeobarbus aeneus

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Two cases of planned relaparotomy for severe peritonitis secondary to gastrointestinal pathology

Planned relaparotomy is a technique in which two or more surgeries are planned before or during the initial surgery. Two dogs underwent planned relaparotomy for severe peritonitis secondary to gastric ulceration and linear foreign body. Both dogs had good outcomes, and unnecessary procedures that would likely have led to increased morbidity were avoided. This technique may be useful in avoiding unnecessary procedures as well as providing for better stabilization of the animal.     

Dose-related thermal antinociceptive effects of intravenous hydromorphone in cats

OBJECTIVE: To describe the dose-related thermal antinociceptive effects of intravenous (i.v.) hydromorphone in cats. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized, blinded, crossover design. ANIMALS: Seven adult cats (3.5-7.4 kg), two spayed females, and five neutered males. METHODS: Hydromorphone (0.025, 0.05, or 0.1 mg kg(-1)) was administered i.v.. Skin temperature and thermal threshold were measured before and at selected time points to 720 minutes post-administration. Statistical analysis of mean thermal threshold and skin temperatures over time for each dose and between doses was by way of a split-plot model and post hoc Bonferroni t-tests. p < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: A significant difference from baseline for mean thermal threshold was identified for the 0.05 mg kg(-1) dose (5-80 minutes, peak thermal threshold 46.9 +/- 6.2 degrees C) and 0.1 mg kg(-1) dose (5-200 minutes, peak thermal threshold 54.9 +/-0.2 degrees C). The thermal threshold was significantly greater after the 0.1 mg kg(-1) dose from 5 to 200 minutes compared to the 0.025 mg kg(-1) and 0.5 mg kg(-1) doses. The thermal threshold was significantly greater from 35 to 80 minutes for the 0.05 mg kg(-1) dose when compared with the 0.025 mg kg(-1) dose. Skin temperature was significantly increased from 35 to 140 minutes following the 0.1 mg kg(-1) dose. CONCLUSIONS: A dose-related antinociceptive effect was demonstrated for i.v. hydromorphone in cats. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Hydromorphone at doses less than 0.1 mg kg(-1) has a modest antinociceptive effect and a short duration of action. At a dose of 0.1 mg kg(-1) i.v., onset of analgesia is rapid with a clinically useful duration of effect, but is associated with a rise in skin temperature.     

花旗松纤维和槿麻纤维的硝酸化学改性

为了增加花旗松木质纤维和槿麻芯部和韧皮非木质纤维对铜离子的吸附能力,本文提出采用硝酸对这些纤维进行化学改性,使吸附铜离子能力分别增加５１０％,１１０％和４０％。初步研究认为花旗松纤维具有较高的硝化速度是由于它含有较多的木质素（２６％－３１％）,而槿麻芯部纤维皮纤维含木质素仅为１７％－１９％和８％－１０％。而且花旗松纤维的愈创木基本质素含量较高,利用电子能谱定量硝化程度,利用红外光谱和拉曼光谱证实硝     

Sampling broiler house litter for coccidial oocysts.

1. A method of sampling the surface litter of commercial broiler houses for laboratory estimation of numbers of coccidial oocysts is described. 2. The resulting estimates can be regarded as indices of the total number of oocysts present in the house at the time of sampling. 3. Using material from a variety of sources it was shown that reliable estimates for many practical purposes can be achieved with few samples, unless the birds are less than 3 weeks old. 4. Oocyst numbers usually reached a peak 4 to 5 weeks after introduction of the birds and then rapidly declined in the next few weeks.     

Fumigation of poultry food with methyl bromide: Effects on flavour and acceptability of broiler meat

1. Broilers were fed on control and treated commercial diets to test the effects of fumigation with methyl bromide gas at 69% and 25% over the value recommended for the elimination of salmonellae.

2. A trained sensory panel found significant taint in roasted meat from birds fed on the fumigated food. More than half of the consumers in the home panel rated the control birds better than the birds fed on the fumigated food.

3. Growth of broilers was not affected by the treatment.     

RAPD analysis of sporting and chimerism in chrysanthemum

Summary The potential of colchicine and the microtubule depolymerizing herbicides trifluralin, oryzalin, and amiprophosmethyl (APM) for in vitro chromosome doubling during B. napus microspore culture was studied. Colchicine was administered during the first 6, 12 or 24 h of culture with 8 different concentrations up to 3 mM, and herbicides at 6 different concentrations up to 30 M for 12 h.Treatments with moderate concentrations of colchicine (3–100 M) produced a small increase in embryo production, while concentrations above 300 M were toxic. Colchicine treatment for 12 h resulted in higher embryo production than treatment for 6 and 24 h. Duration of treatment and concentration of colchicine both had a significant effect on the chromosome doubling. The highest diploidization rates (94% diploid regenerants) were seen after 24 h treatment with 1 mM colchicine.All three herbicides were similar to colchicine in terms of their effect on embryo formation and chromosome doubling comparable to the one of colchicine, but at concentrations approximately 100 times lower. APM was less toxic than trifluralin and oryzalin, but no significant difference in chromosome doubling efficiency was detected between the compounds. The 12 h treatment resulted in a maximum of approximately 65% diploid regenerants with all three herbicides, but APM may have an advantage because of its less toxic effects. Prolonged treatment with APM (20–24 h) may produce 95–100% diploid regenerants.Abbreviations APM amiprophos methyl - DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide     

Indirect magnetic resonance lymphography of the head and neck of dogs using Gadofluorine M and a conventional gadolinium contrast agent: A pilot study

The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate lymph node enhancement with an indirect magnetic resonance (MR) lymphography technique using 2 different contrast agents in the head and neck region of healthy dogs. Five dogs were imaged at various times after intradermal injection of gadoversetamide and Gadofluorine M (minimum of 1 week apart) in the right and left mandibular, temporal, and lateral neck regions. We observed consistent progressive enhancement with time in the mandibular, retropharyngeal, and superficial cervical lymph nodes. The node enhancement was comparable for both contrast agents. Contrast enhancement of the parotid lymph nodes was not seen. We conclude that this technique of indirect MR lymphography using either agent could be used to identify those lymph nodes at highest risk of metastatic disease in dogs with cancer, and to guide staging and treatment.