One-port video assisted laparoscopic kidney biopsy in standing steers

The purpose of this study was to simplify the two-port laparoscopic renal biopsy technique used in support of pharmacokinetic studies through the application of a one-port system. Twelve Holstein steers were fasted for 24 h and sedated with acepromazine and xylaxine in preparation for laparoscopic surgery in standing stocks. Lidocaine 2% was injected to provide local anesthesia for introduction of the trocar-cannula assembly. The operating endoscope was inserted and the abdomen was insufflated with CO₂. A biopsy forceps was introduced into the channel of the operating endoscope to obtain a 100 mg kidney cortex sample. Eighteen laparoscopic procedures provided 18 kidney samples suitable for pharmacokinetic studies. No complications were encountered. The one-port laparoscopic kidney biopsy is feasible and safe, and advanced skill required for triangulation is not necessary for its performance.     

鸡群发生呼吸道疾病的原因

长期以来,鸡群中发生的呼吸道疾病是一类大型的、在经济上占有重要地位的疾病.Jordan把该类疾病描述为"主要出现呼吸道的临床症状和/或大体病变,而不伴有其他器官和组织病变".有效控制该病的先决条件是对其致病因子、流行病学、病理学和诊断学方法的了解.