dsRNA介导的PRSV-CP基因3''-端同源序列瞬时表达对番木瓜环斑病毒侵染的影响

体外合成我国番木瓜主产区环斑病毒外壳蛋白(PRsv-CP)基因3'-端278 bp同源区段,构建包含278 bp正义链、内含子(PDK内含子)及278 bp反义链的RNA介导的植物表达载体p2301-CPU,直接转化根癌农杆菌EHA105.通过根癌农杆菌介导的瞬时表达法,研究同源dsRNA对番木瓜环斑病毒(PRSv)侵染的干扰作用.结果表明,瞬时表达的dsRNA能够特异地干扰PRSV侵染.     

高原家养动物环境适应性的研究进展

青藏高原环境主要体现为低氧低压、寒冷干燥、紫外线强、食物匮乏等,而高原家养动物经历了长期的选择和培育后能够生活在此环境下,其机体已经形成了独特的高原适应性特征。由于高原畜禽机体适应进化体系的复杂性,全面系统的适应性分子机制解析尚未完善。随着分子生物学和生物信息学的发展,高原家养动物基因组组装和功能注释完成,然后逐步开展了基因组、转录组和蛋白质组等组学层面的工作,挖掘到一系列高原动物环境适应性关键候选基因,为解析高原家养动物环境适应性分子机制研究提供了强有力支撑。本文以世居在青藏高原的藏鸡(Gallus gallus)、藏猪(Sus scrofa)、牦牛(Bos grunniens)、藏山羊(Capra hircus)、藏绵羊(Ovis aries)、藏马(Equus caballus)和藏獒(Canis lupus familiaris)等高原土著畜禽资源作为分类单元,分别从组织器官的解剖学结构、血液生理生化指标和分子遗传机制解析3个方面进行论述,并对高原适应性进化的研究趋势进行展望,以期为下一步培育高原高寒低氧地区新品种奠定基础。     

Water loss regulation in mature Hevea brasiliensis: effects of intermittent drought in the rainy season and hydraulic regulation

Effects of soil and atmospheric drought on whole-tree transpiration (E(T)), leaf water potential (Ψ(L)) and whole-tree hydraulic conductance (K(T)) were investigated in mature rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis, clone RRIM 600) during the full canopy stage in the rainy season in a drought-prone area of northeast Thailand. Under well-watered soil conditions, transpiration was tightly regulated in response to high evaporative demand, i.e., above reference evapotranspiration (ET(0)) ~2.2 mm day(-1) or maximum vapor pressure deficit ~1.8 kPa. When the trees experienced intermittent soil drought E(T) decreased sharply when relative extractable water in the top soil was?相似文献   

S100a10基因对小鼠前体脂肪细胞白色和棕色成脂分化的影响

旨在用小鼠模型探究全基因组关联分析(GWAS)筛选到的西门塔尔牛大理石花纹评分性状正相关基因S100钙结合蛋白A10( S100A10 )对小鼠前体脂肪细胞成脂分化的影响。本研究以来源于C57BL/6品系小鼠腹股沟两侧白色脂肪组织的前体脂肪细胞为材料,体外进行白色/棕色成脂分化。通过siRNA干扰 S100a10 基因表达,通过油红O染色检测前体脂肪细胞分化效果,通过荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)、蛋白免疫印迹和细胞免疫荧光检测基因和蛋白表达变化。结果显示,敲低 S100a10 后,通过油红O染色发现脂滴明显变少;通过qRT-PCR检测白色成脂分化标志基因 Pparg 、 C/ebpa 、 Fabp4 、 Glut4 、 Adiponectin 、 Leptin 表达量显著下降( P <0.01);棕色成脂分化基因 Ucp1、Pgc1a、Fabp4、Elovl3、Cox7a 表达量显著下降( P <0.01)。敲低 S100a10 后,通过蛋白免疫印迹检测发现,FABP4和PPARG在白色成脂分化中表达量显著下降( P <0.01),通过细胞免疫荧光检测发现FABP4在白色成脂分化中表达量下降;敲低 S100a10 后通过蛋白免疫印迹和细胞免疫荧光检测发现,UCP1和FABP4在棕色成脂分化中表达量显著下降( P <0.01)。综上表明,敲低 S100a10 基因后抑制小鼠前体脂肪细胞的白色/棕色成脂分化,本研究将为探究 S100A10 基因对于肉牛肌内脂肪沉积的影响提供科学依据。     

Quantitative structure-activity relationships of the fungicidal methyl N-phenylcarbamates

For 69 methyl N-phenylcarbamates having various benzene ring substituents, the fungicidal activity was determined against Botrytis cinerea resistant to benzimidazole fungicides by the agar medium dilution method. The structure-activity relationships were analyzed quantitatively using such physicochemical substituent parameters as hydrophobic π, steric B₅, and HB (hydrogen bonding) with the Hansch-Fujita method (C. Hansch and T. Fujita, J. Amer. Chem. Soc.86, 1616 1964). The hydrophobicity of substituents was favorable to the acitivity. The effect was position-specific, the importance being in the order of ortho meta > para. The activity was related parabolically to the maximum width of one of the m-substituents having the larger dimension. The hydrogen acceptability of p-substituents enhanced the activity. The preventive activity of compounds against gray mold of cucumber caused by the resistant B. cinerea, which was determined by the foliar application in pot tests, was dependent on the magnitude of the fungicidal activity and hydrophobicity of the compounds as analyzed by the adaptive least-squares method.     

论现代动物育种新技术与我国主要畜禽育种目标的结合应用

阐述了现代动物育种新技术和国内动物育种的技术重点，即：分子数量遗传学、生物技术、BLUP育种、育种方案和繁育体系优化的系统工程技术，提出了将新技术应用于我国畜禽育种目标的渗透方法和策略。     

平凉红牛群体特性研究进展及未来育种研究方向

平凉红牛是由平凉本地黄牛改良选育形成的独特肉牛种质资源,具有肌内脂肪沉积明显、肉质细嫩等优良特性,但其遗传背景复杂,种群缺乏系统的选育方案,育种进展较为缓慢。本文总结了近年来平凉红牛的育种研究进展,研判了现阶段育种发展中所面临的诸多挑战,提出平凉红牛下一步的育种及研究方向,以期为加快平凉红牛的品种化培育提供参考。     

Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium parvum detected in Japanese black and Holstein calves in Iwate Prefecture and Tanegashima Island,Kagoshima Prefecture,Japan

Cryptosporidium oocysts were found in 43 out of 77 calves from two farms in Iwate Prefecture and nine farms on Tanegashima Island, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. The DNA fragments of 18S ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) gene were amplified by a nested PCR from 43 oocyst-positive as well as one oocyst-negative samples. All of them were precisely identified as C. parvum by analyzing the nucleotide sequences of the 18S rRNA gene. C. parvum oocyst-positive calves ranged in age from 6 to 13 days old and significantly have watery diarrhea (P<0.05). Sequences of the gene encoding the 60-kDa glycoprotein (GP60) in 43 Cryptosporidium oocyst-positive samples were identical to that of the zoonotic IIaA15G2R1 subtype. We therefore suggest that calves could be potential sources of C. parvum infections in humans.