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61.
John R. Newcombe Sandra Wilsher Juan Cuervo-Arango 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2023,58(1):141-145
Mares are seasonally polyoestrous breeders. Therefore, the first ovulation of the season, following winter anoestrus, is the only cycle in which mares ovulate without the presence of an old CL from the previous cycle. The objective of this study was to compare the length of oestrous behaviour, and plasma progesterone concentrations during the early post-ovulatory period between mares after the first and second ovulation of the breeding season. Overall, 38 mares and 167 oestrous periods were used in the study. From those, 11 mares were used during the first and subsequent oestrous period to measure and compare the post-ovulatory rise in progesterone concentration, whereas all the mares were used to compare the length of the post-ovulatory oestrous behaviour between the first and subsequent cycles of the breeding season. The persistence of the post-ovulatory oestrus was longer (p < .001) following the first ovulation of the year (median of 52 h) compared with the subsequent ovulations (median of 36 h for second and later ovulations groups; n = 38 mares). The progesterone concentration at any of the four 8 h-intervals analysed (28, 36, 76 and 84 h post-ovulation) was lower (p < .01) following the first versus the second ovulation of the year. By 36 h post-ovulation the progesterone concentration of mares at the second ovulation of the year had passed the threshold of 2 ng/ml (2.1 ± 0.33 ng/ml), whereas in the first cycle it was 1.2 ± 0.13 ng/ml. In conclusion, mares had lower progesterone concentrations in their peripheral circulation and longer persistence of oestrous behaviour following the first ovulation of the year compared with the second and subsequent ovulatory periods of the breeding season. 相似文献
62.
Carolina Paula Bianchi Maria F. Gallelli Juan Manuel Herrera Micaela A. Benavente Liliana Rossetto Marcelo Alfredo Aba 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2023,58(1):3-9
Camelids have many unique reproductive features that considerably differ from those of other domestic species. Females are induced ovulators with subsequent development of a corpus luteum (CL) with a short lifespan. Plasma progesterone concentration starts to increase on day 4, peaks on day 8–9 and, in non-pregnant animals, basal concentration is reached around day 10–11 post-induction of ovulation. Luteolytic pulses of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) are firstly detected on day 7 or 8 (approximately on day 5–6 after ovulation), with maximal luteolytic peaks observed between days 9 and 11 post-mating, in coincidence with a high endometrial expression of cyclooxygenase 2, a limiting enzyme in prostaglandins synthesis. Unlike other species, oxytocin seems not to be involved in the luteolytic process in these species. The CL is the main source of progesterone secretion, and its function is required to support pregnancy. Despite constant research efforts, aspects of reproduction and maternal recognition of pregnancy in camelids remain not fully understood. A transient decrease and subsequent recovery in plasma progesterone concentration are observed after day 9 post-mating in pregnant animals in association with a pulsatile release of PGF2α and a transitory decrease in CL vascularization. Thus, embryo recognition should occur between days 8 and 12 post-mating. In camels, conceptus tissues exhibit aromatizing activity with the capacity to synthesize large amounts of oestradiol. Similarly, llama blastocysts secrete oestradiol-17β during the preimplantation stage, with a higher production during the elongation period. An increase in the endometrial expression of oestrogen receptor α is also observed on day 12 post-mating. All these evidences suggest that oestrogen could be the signal released by the embryo at the time of its recognition in camelids. Besides, nearly 98% of pregnancies are carried out in the left horn. A decrease in the endometrial expression of mucin 1 and 16 genes has been reported, suggesting that these changes are crucial for successful embryo implantation; however, no differences have been observed between horns. Thus, maternal recognition of pregnancy in camelids is a particularly complex process that must occur in a concise time to allow the rescue of the CL and embryo survival. 相似文献
63.
The engineering contract is composed of many documents between client and contractor, such as agreement, notification of award, tender and appendix to bid, conditions for particular application, instruction to bidders, technical specifications, design drawings and bill of quantities etc. Because of the limited time and money to prepare these documents, the defect is unavoidable. The defects include omittance, equivocalness, conflict and mistake. These defects often lead to claims. 相似文献
64.
José Manuel Mirás-Avalos Francisco Pérez-Sarmiento Rosalía Alcobendas Juan José Alarcón Oussama Mounzer Emilio Nicolás 《Irrigation Science》2016,34(2):161-173
Irrigation techniques that reduce water applications are increasingly applied in areas with scarce water resources. In this study, the effect of two regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) strategies on peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. “Catherine”] performance was studied over three growing seasons. The experimental site was located in Murcia (SE Spain), a Mediterranean region. Two RDI strategies (restricting water applications at stage II of fruit development and postharvest) based on stem water potential (Ψs) thresholds (?1.5 and ?1.8 MPa during fruit growth and ?1.5 and ?2.0 MPa during postharvest) were compared to a fully irrigated control. Soil water content (θv), Ψs, gas exchange parameters, vegetative growth, crop load, yield and fruit quality were determined. RDI treatments showed significantly lower values of θv and Ψs than control trees when irrigation water was restricted, causing reductions in stomatal conductance and photosynthesis rates. Vegetative growth was reduced by RDI, as lower shoot lengths and pruning weights were observed under those treatments when compared to control. However, fruit size and yield were unaffected, and fruit quality was slightly improved by RDI. Water savings from 43 to 65 % were achieved depending on the year and the RDI strategy, and no negative carryover effect was detected during the study period. In conclusion, RDI strategies using Ψs thresholds for scheduling irrigation in mid–late maturing peach trees under Mediterranean conditions are viable options to save water without compromising yield and even improving fruit quality. 相似文献
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67.
土地整理项目规划设计中,沟渠土方量计算一直没有引起足够重视,准确快速地计算沟渠土方量对开展规划设计、控制总投资具有很重要的意义.为此,研究了利用平均断面法结合办公处理软件EXCEL计算沟渠土方量,并以2006年国家投资湖北省谷城县冷集镇基本农田土地整理项目为具体案例进行了计算,为土地整理中沟渠土方量的研究提供参考依据. 相似文献
68.
周鹃 《拖拉机与农用运输车》2007,34(5):11-12,15
介绍一拖公司财务部在传统的成本分析理论基础上,建立了成本因素分析方法,为各单位产品成本管理和决策工作提供及时、快速的分析工具,并协助各单位找出影响利润的关键点,以改善盈利能力,提升产品竞争力;同时,建立完善了产品谱系盈利分析模板,引导一拖公司通过产品结构调整,提升集团公司的创利能力。 相似文献
69.
利用太阳能空气集热器、干燥仓、传感系统、控制系统、鼓风机等自行设计了太阳能干燥平台,在此平台上进行热研2号柱花草低温干燥试验,研究实时太阳辐射下的集热器接收辐射强度、干燥仓进出口温度、相对湿度、温度差、湿度差等对柱花草干燥的影响。试验结果表明:牧草干燥大致分为3个阶段,牧草含水率在3个阶段的干燥速率约为0.243、0.140 5、0.039 2%/min,牧草干燥效率较自然日晒显著提高。通过干燥参数和牧草质量变化的散点图,建立多元线性线性回归方程,相关系数为0.986 5,与试验结果符合良好,有助于进一步对干燥工艺进行优化。 相似文献
70.
Subsurface drip irrigation of onions: Effects of drip tape emitter spacing on yield and quality 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Juan Enciso 《Agricultural Water Management》2007,92(3):126-130
Improved irrigation water use efficiency is an important component of sustainable agricultural production. Efficient water delivery systems such as subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) can contribute immensely towards improving crop water use efficiency and conserving water. However, critical management considerations such as choice of SDI tube, emitter spacing and installation depth are necessary to attain improved irrigation efficiencies and production benefits. In this study, we evaluated the effects of subsurface drip tape emitter spacing (15, 20 and 30 cm) on yield and quality of sweet onions grown at two locations in South Texas—Weslaco and Los Ebanos. Season-long cumulative crop evapotranspiration (ETc) was 513 mm in Weslaco and 407 mm at Los Ebanos. Total crop water input (rain + irrigation) at Weslaco was roughly equal to ETc (92% ETc) whereas at Los Ebanos, water inputs exceeded ETc by about 35%. Onion yields ranged from 58.5 to 70.3 t ha−1 but were not affected by drip tube emitter spacing. Onion pungency (pyruvic acid development) and soluble solids concentration were also not significantly influenced by treatments. Crop water use efficiency was slightly higher at Weslaco (13.7 kg/m3) than at Los Ebanos (11.7 kg/m3) partly because of differences in total water inputs resulting from differences in irrigation management. The absence of any significant effects of drip tape emitter spacing on onion yield may be due to the fact that irrigation was managed to provide roughly similar irrigation amounts and optimum soil moisture conditions in all treatments. 相似文献