啤酒大麦安全烘干温度的研究

试验研究了啤酒大麦适宜的干燥温度。以浙农大3号、浙农大7号啤酒大麦品种为材料,采用35℃、45℃、55℃3种温度进行模拟烘干试验,并对烘干后的种子进行生活力、发芽力、脱氢酶活性、电导率的测定。结果表明,啤酒大麦的干燥温度控制在45℃以下为好,既安全,干燥效率又高,而在55℃温度条件下,虽干燥效率高但对啤酒大麦的发芽力及种子活力有显著的影响,35℃干燥虽安全可靠,但其干燥效率低,所需时间太长。     

五味子不同外植体愈伤组织的诱导

以五味子的嫩茎段、叶片、叶柄、果柄为外植体,以MS附加相同激素配比的培养基为基质,进行了诱导北五味子愈伤组织的适宜外植体及培养条件的筛选。结果表明：北五味子嫩茎段在MS＋6-BA1．0mg／L＋NAA0．2mg／L＋2,4-D0．1mg／L＋IBA0．3mg／L诱导效果较好,在附加MS＋6-BA2．0mg／L＋ZT0．1mg／L的诱导芽效果较好。     

长期施肥对木薯农艺性状、鲜薯产量和淀粉质量分数的影响

1992—2003年12a间，对2个木薯品种(华南205和华南124)，进行氮、磷、钾和火烧土等4种肥料各4个不同施肥水平组成共16个施肥配方的试验，研究了长期施肥对木薯农艺性状、鲜薯产量和淀粉质量分数的影响。结果表明：淀粉质量分数与收获指数呈显著正相关，鲜薯产量与株高、茎径及单株结薯数呈极显著正相关，单株结薯数与株高、茎径呈极显著正相关，株高与茎径呈极显著正相关。并列出它们的相关回归方程。推荐木薯最佳N，P2O5，K2O的施肥质量配比为2～4：1：2～4，其中，N，P2O5，K2O的施肥质量配比在连作初期以2：1：2为佳，而连作后期则以逐渐过度为4：1：4为佳。     

稻田水分管理方式对水稻光合速率和水分利用效率的影响

以超级杂交稻两优培九和中优6号为材料, 设3个不同水分管理措施,在穗分化期、开花期和花后20 d分别测定叶片光合速率和水分利用率。结果表明:不同水分管理方式影响水稻地上部干物重、叶面积指数、光合速率、蒸腾速率和水分利用效率。水分好气灌溉管理地上部干物重和水分利用效率明显增加;水分低水位管理蒸腾速率、地上部干物重和叶片水分利用效率下降。淹水灌溉地上部干物重、叶面积指数、叶片光合速率和水分利用率较低。因此,水稻好气灌溉有利于光合物质积累,显著增产和提高水分利用效率。试验还表明这3种水分管理对稻米蛋白质含量的影响不显著。     

降低白砂糖残留二氧化硫含量的方法

本文论述了白砂糖二氧化硫形成的原因及解决问题,白砂糖中的二氧化硫来自于蔗汁硫熏和糖浆硫熏。蔗汁硫熏加入的二氧化硫大部分在澄清过程中形成亚硫酸钙沉淀而从滤泥排走,但也有少量存留在清汁中,其比例和澄清的工艺技术条件和操作管理有关。其形成方式大多数是以络合物存在于清汁中,清汁中的二氧化硫在蒸发过程中部分随汁汽挥发,另有部分被氧化（成为三氧化硫和硫酸盐）,但大部分还是以络合物形式留在粗糖浆中。在煮炼过程中,它们会以不同的形式进入到白砂糖产品中。 本文同时提出了解决二氧化硫残留问题,指出减少二氧化硫含量的方法是加强中和反应,采用高散的散气设备,采用静态快速沉降器,实践证明：这些方法是有效可行的。     

离子注入在甜菜育种中的诱变功效

分析了以35Kev N^ 离子注入甜菜种子出现的各种有益变异，结果表明：1）M0、M1种子发芽率受到抑制；2）M2代主要经济性状出现明显变异，含糖率提高0.28～1.04度；3）在M1代基础上再处理1次后，产量和含糖均有明显提高；4）经离子注入可出现早熟性材料，M2代含糖积累时间较对照提前15～20d。     

玉米杂交种的产量比较及主要农艺性状的相关和通径分析

本试验选用本所选育和引进的17个玉米杂交种为供试材料，采用随机区组设计。通过对各杂交种的产量、生育期和综合农艺性状的分析，选出了高产、优质、抗逆性强、生育期适中的杂交种CX-711、中单9409、CX-649、CX-712、CX-777、CX751等。经过对产量、千粒重、出籽率。穗长、穗粗等11个农艺性状进行相关分析和通径分析表明，对产量影响最大的因素是千粒重(r=0.5411^*)，相关系数达显著水平。穗粗(r=0.4767)，出籽率(r=0.4067)和穗长(r=0.14)与产量的关系呈正相关。性状之间株高与穗位高和茎粗(r=0.8222^**，(r=0.7606^**)、穗长与行粒数(r=0.7065^**)之间呈极显著正相关。指出提高千粒重，增加穗粗和穗长，提高出籽率并兼顾其他农艺性状是提高玉米产量的有效途径。     

乙烯吸收剂延长香蕉贮运寿命的研究与应用

香蕉、大蕉和粉蕉经防腐剂处理后用聚乙烯薄膜袋包装并加入乙烯吸收剂,在常温下可延长其贮藏寿命20～40天。每公斤蕉用1克、2克或5克乙烯吸收剂活化铝,对其贮藏寿命没有明显的影响。用活化铝颗粒、沸石颗粒、蛭石和珍珠岩等不同材料作高锰酸钾载体制成的乙烯吸收剂延长果实贮藏寿命的效果不同。以活化铝颗粒或珍珠岩作载体效果较好。将乙烯吸收剂应用于商业性香蕉运输保鲜,使好果率从62.5％提高至95.7％,取得显著的经济效益。     

Dynamical analysis of net cage structures for marine aquaculture: Numerical simulation and model testing

A numerical model for analyzing dynamic properties of a net-cage system exposed in the open sea is proposed. The model is based on a lumped-mass method. In this model, the mooring lines are divided into linear elements and the net cage divided into several plane surface elements. The interconnected points or corners are called nodes or lumped-mass centers. The external force is calculated on each element and then equally distributed to its nodes. By adding the contributed forces from the neighboring elements, a system of motion equations for nodes is formed. The volume reduction coefficient of a net cage is estimated by the ratio of minimum volume of net cage during fluid and structure interaction to the original volume. In general, the numerical results are in good agreements with the experimental data. However, the results also show that if the Reynolds number is lower than the suggested range of 1400–1800, the numerical model may underestimate the environmental forces on a net-cage system.     

Effect of starvation on survival and biochemical profile of newborn juvenile lined seahorses,Hippocampus erectus (Perry, 1810)

This study assessed the effect of starvation on survival and nutritional status of newborn juveniles H. erectus (<10 days) to optimize rearing protocols, thereby helping to reduce wildlife exploitation. Maximum starvation time (MST) was estimated through the survival of juveniles continuously starved from birth. Resistance to starvation and the effect of food re‐introduction after 1, 2, 4 and 6 days of starvation on survival and metabolite concentrations (total proteins, total lipids, acylglycerides, cholesterol, glucose) were also determined. Survival amongst continuously starved animals decreased from 6.6 ± 0.5 to 0% from days 9 to 10 of starvation. Seahorses under different starvation–refeeding treatments all had 100% survival up to day 5 of experiments. After 10 days, however, a 4‐day starvation period followed by refeeding showed negative effects with <50% survival. During continuous starvation, lipids were the first energy reserve used to maintain basal metabolism, followed by proteins. Except for cholesterol, all metabolite concentrations differed between continuous starvations and feeding. Despite high seahorse survival after 5 days in the absence of food, the recovery of the metabolic status is possible after a starvation period of no more than 2 days, since irreversible physiological changes compromising the ultimate survival of the organisms take place after this time.