Evaluation of left ventricular function with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiography after administration of dobutamine and esmolol in healthy beagle dogs

Unlike echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cardiac MRI) results in a near-exact assessment of cardiac structures and function. However, most veterinary studies have focused on dogs with normal cardiac function. We hypothesized that there would be significant differences in cardiac measurements between cardiac MRI and echocardiography when left ventricular (LV) function was abnormal. This study was undertaken to compare measurements of LV function produced by cardiac MRI and echocardiography in dogs whose LV function was altered by pharmacological agents. This study was conducted with six healthy beagle dogs. We increased left ventricular contractility by administration of dobutamine; we decreased cardiac contractility with esmolol. Stroke volume measurements were made by using both cardiac MRI and echocardiography under seven different conditions with general anesthesia: control, three doses of esmolol (100, 200, and 500 µg/kg/min), and three doses of dobutamine (10, 20, and 50 µg/kg/min). Experiments involving each condition were conducted at least 1 week apart. When LV contractility was normal, ejection fraction (EF) and stroke volume (SV), as measured by echocardiography and cardiac MRI, were not significantly different. However, when contractility was changed by pharmacological agents, EF and SV were overestimated by echocardiography, compared to MRI. Evaluation of cardiac function in patients treated with pharmacological agents should be conducted carefully because EF and SV measured by echocardiography can be overestimated, compared with EF and SV obtained by cardiac MRI.     

AR regulates porcine immature Sertoli cell growth via binding to RNF4 and miR-124a

Sertoli cells are the only somatic cells in the seminiferous epithelium which directly contact with germ cells. Sertoli cells exhibit polarized alignment at the basal membrane of seminiferous tubules to maintain the microenvironment for growth and development of germ cells, and therefore play a crucial role in spermatogenesis. Androgens exert their action through androgen receptor (AR) and AR signalling in the testis is essential for maintenance of spermatogonial numbers, blood–testis barrier integrity, completion of meiosis, adhesion of spermatids and spermiation. In the present study, we demonstrated that AR gene could promote the proliferation of immature porcine Sertoli cells (ST cells) and the cell cycle procession, and accelerate the transition from G1 phase into S phase in ST cells. Meanwhile, miR-124a could affect the proliferation and cell cycle procession of ST cells by targeting 3′-UTR of AR gene. Furthermore, AR bound to the RNF4 via AR DNA-binding domain (DBD) and we verified that RNF4 was necessary for AR to regulate the growth of ST cells. Above all, this study suggests that AR regulates ST cell growth via binding to RNF4 and miR-124a, which may help us to further understand the function of AR in spermatogenesis.     

我国和欧盟兽药质量监督抽检工作机制对比研究

为更好地完善我国兽药质量监督抽检计划,通过对欧盟药品抽检管理工作机制的研究,本文分析了欧盟和我国兽药监督抽检管理方式的不同,从抽检责任部门、抽检目的、抽检计划内容、抽检计划制定流程、抽检品种的遴选和检测参数的确定等6方面进行了对比分析,探讨我国兽药质量监督抽检工作的管理中可以借鉴的方面。     

不同养殖模式翘嘴鲌肌肉营养品质比较

为评价池塘与大湖不同养殖模式翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus)肌肉营养品质差异,试验分析了商品翘嘴鲌肌肉常规营养成分、氨基酸、脂肪酸、矿物元素含量等营养指标。结果表明:大湖翘嘴鲌肌肉水分含量显著低于池塘翘嘴鲌(P<0.05),粗蛋白质含量高于池塘翘嘴鲌,差异不显著(P>0.05)。池塘与大湖翘嘴鲌肌肉,除了赖氨酸和组氨酸以外(P<0.05),绝大部分氨基酸含量均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。大湖翘嘴鲌肌肉的总氨基酸、必需氨基酸和鲜味氨基酸含量分别较池塘翘嘴鲌高出2.72%、2.87%和2.50%。根据氨基酸评分(AAS)和化学评分(CS)结果,池塘与大湖翘嘴鲌肌肉中第一限制性氨基酸均为蛋氨酸+胱氨酸,赖氨酸相对含量最高,必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)分别为68.81和69.62。池塘翘嘴鲌的棕榈油酸(C16:1)含量显著高于大湖翘嘴鲌(P<0.05),而大湖翘嘴鲌肌肉的单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFAs)、高不饱和脂肪酸(HUFAs)、必需脂肪酸(EFA)、EPA+DHA含量则高于池塘翘嘴鲌(P>0.05)。试验检测了池塘与大湖翘嘴鲌肌肉11种矿物元素,其中镁有显著差异(P<0.05),重金属元素(铬、镉、铅)含量均在限量范围以内。综上所述,大湖养殖翘嘴鲌营养品质优于池塘养殖。     

饲料进出口贸易对我国经济增长的影响

我国是饲料生产加工大国,饲料生产量在世界上占据领先地位,饲料进出口贸易成交量较为庞大。在我国饲料进出口贸易中,近年来的贸易差有扩大趋势。这是由于我国长期在国外进口大量的饲料原料、粮食、产品导致的,另外,由于我国饲料出口贸易表现不够突出,对我国经济增长难以起到明显推动作用。本文从进出口贸易对经济的影响出发,通过分析我国饲料进出口贸易现状及其造成的影响为我国饲料进出口贸易发展提出几点建议。 [关键词]饲料|进出口贸易|经济增长     

内生真菌对高寒草地紫花针茅凋落物分解的影响

禾草内生真菌对于提高宿主植物对生物和非生物胁迫的耐性发挥着积极作用,然而,禾草内生真菌共生体凋落物分解对于草地生态系统养分循环的影响仍不清楚。本研究以紫花针茅为研究对象,比较带内生真菌（E+）与不带内生真菌（E-）植株凋落物分解过程中重量及全氮、木质素和纤维素含量,以及木质素∶N、纤维素∶N与全氮、木质素和纤维素残留率的变化,以期揭示内生真菌在紫花针茅凋落物分解过程中发挥的作用。主要结果如下：E+紫花针茅凋落物分解速率高于E-,具有更短的分解周期;随着时间的延长,紫花针茅凋落物木质素含量和木质素∶N由E+显著高于E-逐渐变为二者之间差异不显著,纤维素含量、纤维素∶N和纤维素残留率则逐渐变为E+显著低于E-;另外,随着分解时间延长,E+和E-凋落物全氮含量呈上升趋势,而全氮残留率呈现出下降-上升-下降的趋势,且后期E+显著低于E-。因此,内生真菌不同程度地促进了紫花针茅凋落物全氮、木质素和纤维素的降解。     

基于非洲猪瘟病毒标准物质的荧光PCR检测试剂盒初步评价

为探究非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus,ASFV)标准物质作为试剂盒评价体系的可行性,比较了市场上5种主流品牌ASFV荧光PCR检测试剂盒的检测性能。使用ASFV P72基因核酸标准物质作为模板,根据5种试剂盒说明书分别进行相应的荧光定量PCR检测,结合扩增曲线、Ct值,分析不同试剂盒的敏感性、可重复性以及所需反应时间。结果显示:5种试剂盒的阴性、阳性对照均成立,最低检测限均为5.9×10^-1拷贝/μL;4个厂家的试剂盒线性关系R2>0.98,其中最优的R²=0.994,离散度最小;各试剂盒的实际反应耗时与理论反应耗时均有一定差异(0.20~0.96 h)。结果表明,各生产厂家使用P72基因作为靶基因研制的ASFV荧光PCR检测试剂盒都可以使用ASFV标准物质作为评价体系,来评判试剂盒的检测性能。本试验为各实验室不同样品检测的ASFV荧光PCR检测试剂盒选择提供了一种可用的评价方法。     

鉴别H5亚型两种分支禽流感病毒双重实时荧光RT-PCR方法的建立及应用

为准确区分H5亚型禽流感病毒2.3.2.1分支和2.3.4.4分支的毒株,通过对GenBank和GISAID数据库中发表的以及本实验室保存的H5亚型禽流感病毒HA基因序列进行比对,设计1对特异性引物和2条探针,建立了区分H5亚型禽流感病毒不同分支毒株的实时荧光RT-PCR方法,并对该方法的反应体系和反应参数进行了优化,同时开展了特异性和敏感性试验,以及临床应用检测。结果显示:该方法具有良好的特异性,与其他亚型禽流感病毒及常见禽病病毒无交叉反应;对H5亚型禽流感病毒2.3.2.1分支和2.3.4.4分支毒株的检测灵敏度分别为495.0 copies/μL和22.3 copies/μL;100份临床家禽拭子禽流感病毒检测结果与常规RT-PCR和病毒分离检测结果一致,符合率为100%。结果表明,该方法特异、敏感、准确、耗时少,同时还可区分不同分支,可应用于H5亚型禽流感病毒的准确、快速检测。     

《家禽屠宰检疫规程》中有关问题分析

《家禽屠宰检疫规程》在规范家禽的屠宰检疫,加强家禽产品的检疫活动管理,保障动物源食品安全方面发挥了重要作用。本文概述了《家禽屠宰检疫规程》关于家禽屠宰场所定义、规程适用动物、检疫对象、检疫合格标准的判定等方面存在的问题,特别是针对家禽产品入库贮藏后才出厂如何出具检疫合格证明,提出可采取贮藏后继续调运或分销的检疫方式出具检疫证明这一解决方案。这提示在今后工作中扩大屠宰检疫的适用范围及检疫对象,进一步修订和完善屠宰检疫规程,提升屠宰检疫技术水平。