应用生物素标记的NDV－cDNA探针检测感染尿囊液中NDV－RNA的初步研究

本文应用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术从构建的新城疫病毒（ＮＤＶ）ｃＤＮＡ文库中扩增含编码Ｆ糖蛋白前体──Ｆｏ酶切位点序列的３５９ｂｐ的Ｆ蛋白基因ｃＤＮＡ片段。将此３５９ｂｐｃＤＮＡ片段经光敏生物素标记后,即成ＮＤＶ－ｃＤＮＡ探针。该探针能特异性地从感染的尿囊液中检测出ＮＤＶ强毒株和疫苗毒株的基因组ＲＮＡ,而不与ＩＢＤｖ－ｄｓＲＮＡ、ＡＩＢｖ－ｓｓＲＮＡ、ＥＤＳ７６－ｄｓＤＮＡ、ＭＤＶ－ｄｓＤＮＡ,ＦＰＶ－ｄｓＲＮＡ及ＡＩＬＶ－ｄｓＤＮＡ发生交叉杂交反应。试验结果表明：尽管该探钎含有编码Ｆｏ蛋白酶切位点序列的碱基顺序,但它还是不能把ＮＤＶ的强、弱毒株区分开。这说明ＮＤＶ强、弱毒株比区域内的碱基存在着相当大的同源性。不过,此探针对ＮＤＶ来说具有特异性,这就为ＮＤＶ的诊断技术开创了基因水平检测的新途径。     

Potential effects of glucocorticoids on serum iron concentration in dogs

Prednisone was give norally(2mg/kg b.i.d.) to seven healthy mixed breed dogs for 3 consecutive days. Serum iron concentration increased significantly (p < 0.05) from 142 +/- 26 micro g/dl (mean +/- SE) before a drug adminis- tration on Day 0 to a maximum of 307 +/- 47 micro g/dl on Day 2, and returned to the Day 0 value by Day 5. Mean total iron binding capacity did not vary more than 25% from the Day 0 value during the 9 day long study. The percent saturation of transferrin with iron increased from 33 +/- 6% on Day 0 to a maximum of 71 +/- 9% on Day 3. This determination had decreased to 34 +/- 3% on Day 5. No statistically significant changes occurred in these parameters studied in six control dogs that were not given the drug. To determine whether serum iron concentration might be correlated with endogenous serum cortisol concentration, these tests were determined in serum collected from nine dogs at 7 a.m., 3 p.m., and 11 p.m. each day for 3 consecutive days. Serum iron concentration was lower at 7 a.m. (147 +/- 9 micro g/dl) than at 3 p.m. (164 +/- 9 micro g/dl) or 11 p.m. (159 +/- 10 micro g/dl). Likewise serum cortisol was lower at 7 a.m. (1.29 +/- 0.18 micro g/dl) than at 3 p.m. (1.49 +/- 0.19 micro g/dl) or 11 p.m. (1.51 +/- 0.22 micro g/dl). There was a significant positive linear correlation between serum iron and serum cortisol concentrations when they were compared using mean values for each dog. From these studies, it appears that exogenously administered glucocorticoids and endogenous increases in serum cortisol concentrations may result in increased serum iron concentrations in dogs.     

贮藏中福桔果皮细胞结构的显微观察及果实理化成分测定

贮藏期间福桔果皮细胞始终具有分裂增殖能力,细胞生长的养分主要通过维管束向果肉吸取,因而促进果肉衰老,形成枯水.枯水果实在贮藏早期就发现果皮细胞层和油腔分泌细胞无丝分裂旺盛,双核细胞多,果皮增厚多.严重枯水时,果皮细胞还具细胞核、线粒体、有色体等超微结构,未枯水果实细胞分裂少见.经预贮后贮藏的果实,由于中断了果皮组织与维管束的联系,果皮细胞生长受抑制,果肉水分、养分消耗少,枯水率最低,     

Clearance of ovine isolates of Bordetella parapertussis from murine trachea and lungs

Thirty-six mice were inoculated intranasally with Bordetella parapertussis organisms (isolated from sheep with chronic non-progressive pneumonia) to study their deposition and clearance in the lower respiratory tract. The deposition of the organism was greater in the trachea than in the lungs. At 48 hours after inoculation, almost 100% of organisms were cleared from the trachea but only 55% of organisms were cleared from the lungs. This result correlates well with the morphological changes seen previously in the pulmonary parenchyma and airways of mice and lambs experimentally infected with this organism.     

家蚕质型多角体病毒苏州核包涵体小种的纯化

从BmCPV_t内发现和分离出一株新的核包涵体小种,初步命名为家蚕质型多角体病毒—苏州核包涵体小种(Cytoplasmic Polyhedrosis Virus——Suzhou nuclear polyhedra forming strain,简称CPV——Suzhou N strain),家蚕感梁CPV——Suzhou N Strain引起的多角体病,与国内外已知的CPV各变异株不同。本病蚕的多角体只在中肠组织圆筒形细胞核内检出,多角体内有许多病毒粒子,病毒粒子球状,具有核蛋白紫外吸收特征性光谱和较强的感染活性,病毒核酸初步鉴定为dsRNA。     

小麦赤霉病流行预测初步研究

对1952—1963年病害流行程度与穗期气象要素之間的相关性测定結果表明,各年发病程度与4月下旬至5月下旬(小麦抽穗至糊熟)特別是5月上中旬(小麦开花至灌浆初期)的降雨日数、相对湿度呈明显的正相关;与同期的降雨量、平均气温相关不显著。稻桩上产生的子囊壳是本地区初侵染的主要来源,初侵染的数量和流行程度有关,其数量积累决定于雨湿条件。小麦开花灌浆初期最易感病,此时期降雨日数是病害流行的决定性因素。根据十二年資料分析結果,病害流行可以分为六种类型:早期发生型;中期发生型;后期发生型;少雨限制型;低温限制型;生育提早限制型。根据1957—1963年預测圃小麦开花后二旬內的降雨日数与发病率的相关,以发病率为应变量求出迴归方程式:Y=6.61 X—48.35,为中期預測提出雨日指标。     

油茶炭疽病的综合防治

1962—1963年在四川省泸县地区进行油茶炭疽病的防治試驗。結果表明:采用营林措施(修除树上病部)和化学保护(噴射1∶1∶150波尔多液)的综合防治方法,病株防治效果可达89.77％,防止果病率达70.02％。严重病区,可在冬(12月)、春(2月)修除病部各一次(或可集中在2月进行),发病期間(4—8月)噴射波尔多液8—10次(条件不許可山区,也至少5次)。噴药宜連續性。上述措施,应进行2—3年。     

A method for monitoringBemisia tabaci and timing spray applications against the pest in cotton fields in israel

A method for monitoring tobacco whitefly [Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae)] populations was developed and used for timing spray applications against this pest in cotton. It was found to be successful in tests in eight commercial cotton fields. A trap composed of a yellow plastic plate (15 × 20 cm) smeared on the upper side with a thin layer of glue, was attached to an iron pole which held the plate in a horizontal position above the plants. The traps were placed 400 m apart along the periphery of the field. The sticky plates were changed weekly and the adult whiteflies were counted. When the mean weekly catch per trap reached ~ 100–200 adults, spray applications were carried out. Following this treatment,B. tabaci populations remained low and sooty mould did not develop on the lint.     

甘肃地方苜蓿农家品种脯氨酸积累能力与抗旱性的研究

本文依据“脯氨酸维持积累时间”和“脯氨酸维持积累量”指标评介了四个甘肃地方苜蓿农家品种的抗旱能力。结果表明:敦煌苜蓿的抗旱能力高于会宁、秦安、灵台苜蓿,其中会宁苜蓿居二,灵台苜蓿抗旱性最差。这一抗旱排序与叶片相对含水量及气孔指标所得到的结果相一致。证明了“脯氨酸维持积累时间”和“脯氨酸维持积累量”可以作为首蓿抗旱性的鉴定指标。     

小型渔船号灯最小间距的研究

我国小型渔船(船长20～35米)捕鱼作业信号灯至今未能达到《1972年国际海上避碰规则(1989年修订本)》的要求。本文根据光学原理,对号灯间距分辨率进行了多次测试和研究,并根据我国渔船客观实际提出了小型渔船号灯设置最佳配置方案。