Molecular identification and relative abundance of microorganisms in douchi koji and salted egg white sufu during processing

A novel animal protein-based douchi koji-inoculated steamed salted egg white sufu (SEWS) has been developed. This study determined the relative abundance of microorganisms in the douchi koji and semi-finished (5-day fermentation) and finished (5-day fermentation and 14-day ripening) SEWS by using 16S and 18S ribosomal DNA and gene-cloning methods. The results revealed that Bacillus spp. and Aspergillus oryzae were dominant in the douchi koji. In the semi-finished SEWS, the percentages of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis were considerably lower, whereas those of Enterococcus and Staphylococcus were substantially higher. In the finished SEWS, Bacillus spp. became dominant again and A. oryzae was the only fungus detected. In conclusion, by using molecular techniques, microbial population dynamics in SEWS can be evaluated. During processing, the relative abundance of microorganisms in SEWS changed and Bacillus spp. and A. oryzae remained dominant. This study provides crucial information for designing starter cultures for producing SEWS.     

猪支原体肺炎诊断与处理

猪支原体肺炎是生猪养殖中较为常见的一种猪肺疾病类型,该病具有高度接触性、慢性传染性等特点,如果未能得到及时有效的处理则会扩散至整个生猪群体范围,对生猪养殖的经济效益造成严重损害。且在猪支原体肺炎的发生中,该病经常与圆环病毒及其他病原体进行混合感染,进一步加深生猪病情,对生猪养殖造成非常严重的经济损失。养殖人员在生猪养殖中务必要加强对于猪支原体肺炎的重视程度,积极了解猪支原体肺炎的临床症状与发生特点,采取有效的防治措施以避免猪支原体肺炎发生。该文主要论述猪支原体肺炎的发生特点、临床症状以及诊断防治。     

后非洲猪瘟时期洋三元（DLY）商品母猪作种用的可行性分析及建议

自从2018年非洲猪瘟在中国暴发以来,为了尽快恢复产能,我国很多猪场在生产上开始采用洋三元商品母猪留作种用。通过收集某大型猪场的二元（（LY）母猪和洋三元（DLY）商品母猪的生产记录,统计两者在生产成绩上的差异,并综合其他文献来分析洋三元商品母猪留作种用的优缺点,给出改进的措施,为后非洲猪瘟时期养猪生产提供参考。     

猪卵泡液抑制素的分离及其生物活性和免疫活性研究

利用ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－２００和ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－１００二次层析分馏,以标准猪抑制素蛋白和抑制素α－亚单位作参照,结合紫外扫描,分离猪卵泡液抑制素,并测定各组分对ＨＣＧ诱导的小白鼠生殖器官发育及输卵管水肿抑制的影响和对补体溶血活性的抑制效果,证明可以分离得到生物活性和免疫活性较高的抑制素蛋白组分,其方法较简便,可用于猪卵泡液抑制素的一般制备。     

mRNA差异显示技术及其在动物遗传育种中的应用

ｍＲＮＡ差异显示技术是近年来国外发展起来的攻克隆新基因的一种新方法,同时已广泛用于人类基因调控和克隆研究。本文论述了这一新技术的原理、发展现状和在动物遗传育种中的应用领域。     

犬严重子宫蓄脓的影象学诊断

子宫蓄脓本为犬多发的常见病,诊断并不困难。最近我们收治１例特别严重的子宫蓄脓,诊断一时难以明确,经综合影象学检查后,方得以确定,报告如下。１　病史华南农业大学动物医学系动物医院收治１例本地母犬,７岁,从未配种怀孕。因不食、腹围渐胀大而求诊,临床疑为腹水症,两天前　　收稿日期：１９９８１１２７抽出过少量液体。２　体格检查病犬精神差,躺卧不能站立和运动,稍消瘦和贫血,厌食已２０余天,每天只饮水,无大便,尿量正常;心跳快而心音弱,脉搏１５０次／ｍｉｎ,呼吸５６次／ｍｉｎ,体温３９２℃。就诊时饮水…     

DIC and granulomatous vasculitis in a dog with disseminated histoplasmosis

Disseminated histoplasmosis and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy were diagnosed in a 7 mo old, female spayed mixed-breed dog. The dog improved transiently with supportive care, but deteriorated shortly after initiation of antifungal therapy. The dog was subsequently euthanized. At necropsy, marked granulomatous vasculitis was identified in all affected organs. The tunicae and laminae of the arteries and arterioles were obscured by epithelioid macrophages and multinucleated giant cells admixed with necrotic material. Intracytoplasmic yeast were present within some of these macrophages. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of granulomatous vasculitis associated with Histoplasma capsulatum in a dog.     

Genetic diversity and relatedness of Fasciola spp. isolates from different hosts and geographic regions revealed by analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences

The present study examined sequence variability in a portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (pcox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunits 4 and 5 (pnad4 and pnad5) among 39 isolates of Fasciola spp., from different hosts from China, Niger, France, the United States of America, and Spain; and their phylogenetic relationships were re-constructed. Intra-species sequence variations were 0.0-1.1% for pcox1, 0.0-2.7% for pnad4, and 0.0-3.3% for pnad5 for Fasciola hepatica; 0.0-1.8% for pcox1, 0.0-2.5% for pnad4, and 0.0-4.2% for pnad5 for Fasciola gigantica, and 0.0-0.9% for pcox1, 0.0-0.2% for pnad4, and 0.0-1.1% for pnad5 for the intermediate Fasciola form. Whereas, nucleotide differences were 2.1-2.7% for pcox1, 3.1-3.3% for pnad4, and 4.2-4.8% for pnad5 between F. hepatica and F. gigantica; were 1.3-1.5% for pcox1, 2.1-2.9% for pnad4, 3.1-3.4% for pnad5 between F. hepatica and the intermediate form; and were 0.9-1.1% for pcox1, 1.4-1.8% for pnad4, 2.2-2.4% for pnad5 between F. gigantica and the intermediate form. Phylogenetic analysis based on the combined sequences of pcox1, pnad4 and pnad5 revealed distinct groupings of isolates of F. hepatica, F. gigantica, or the intermediate Fasciola form irrespective of their origin, demonstrating the usefulness of the mtDNA sequences for the delineation of Fasciola species, and reinforcing the genetic evidence for the existence of the intermediate Fasciola form.     

冷季藏系羊补饲的效果观察

通过对20头2岁母藏系羊补饲,在补饲期间期中增重3.32kg,增重率为14.46%。期末增重0.91kg,增重率为3.81%。试验组羊总增重4.23kg,增重率为17.20%。对照组羊在期中增重-0.69 kg,增重率为-3.51%。对照组羊总增重-3.36kg,总增重率为-19.83%。补饲结束后在6月份增重2.65kg,增重率为9.99%。7月份增重8.03kg,增重率为23.24%。8月份增重5.18kg,增重率为13.04%。9月份增重8.73kg,增重率为17.42%。夏秋总增重21.59kg,增重率为44.88%。对照组羊在6月份增重0.29kg,增重率为1.70%。7月份增重3.74kg,增重率为17.92%。8月份增重2.13kg,增重率为9.26%。9月份增重6.22kg,增重率为21.22%。对照组羊在夏秋草场总增重12.09kg,增重率为41.88%。     

不同光周期下ISA褐蛋鸡松果腺GnRH—ⅠmRNA表达的变化

采用分子生物学方法研究了不同光周期处理的ISA褐蛋鸡松果腺GnRH-Ⅰ mRNA表达的变化.77日龄ISA褐蛋鸡60只,随机分成长光和短光组,正式试验期67 d.人工拉光,短光组日固定8 h,长光组第1周8.5 h,以后每周增加0.5 h.以短光组见第1枚卵结束试验(143日龄).分别于105和136日龄每组随机各取6只蛋鸡采样(长光组约10%开产).结果表明:短光组鸡群见蛋日龄较长光组延后12 d,136日龄育成体重极显著低于长光组(P<0.01).105日龄长光组GnRH-Ⅰ mRNA表达的丰度高于短光组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);136日龄长光组GnRH-Ⅰ mRNA表达的丰度显著低于短光组(P<0.05).随着日龄的增加,长光组GnRH-Ⅰ mRNA表达丰度显著降低(P<0.05),而短光组的表达丰度逐渐上升但差异不显著(P<0.05).由此得出,短光组的GnRH-Ⅰ mRNA表达峰值及性成熟均较长光组延后出现.