青麻叶大白菜新品种秋玉78的选育

秋玉78是由两个青麻叶类型自交不亲和系F115-93和L132配制而成的中熟大白菜一代杂种。生育期75d(天)左右,叶球高桩直筒形,株高58cm,结球紧实,球高52cm,单球质量3.5~4.0kg;株型紧凑直立,叶片浓绿油亮,核桃纹适中,中肋绿色;高抗病毒病、软腐病,抗霜霉病,耐贮性好,商品性好,粗纤维含量少;每667m2净菜产量7300~7800kg,已在天津、河北、内蒙古、山东、山西、云南等地推广种植520hm2。     

葡萄霜霉菌候选效应子RXLR5信号肽的鉴定

利用Getorf、SignalP 3.0、BLASTP等生物信息学软件和PERL语言从葡萄霜霉菌基因组中预测到一条编码RXLR-EER结构域的效应蛋白候选基因,将该基因编码的蛋白命名为RXLR5。将RXLR5信号肽SP5编码序列连接到pSUC2T7M13ORI载体并转化到酵母蔗糖酶缺陷菌株YTK12后,重组菌株能成功分泌蔗糖酶,促使棉籽糖分解成单糖,因此,能在YPRAA培养基上正常生长;同时生成的单糖能与TTC反应产生红色不溶于水的氯化三苯基四氮唑。由此推测,SP5具有信号肽活性,可能在RXLR5从葡萄霜霉菌细胞内泌到胞外的过程中起重要作用。     

Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes and Lipid Metabolism Signaling Pathways between Muscle and Fat Tissues in Broiler Chickens

In this study, signaling pathways and key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in lipid metabolism in muscle and fat tissues were investigated. Muscle and abdominal fat tissues were obtained from 35-day-old female broilers for RNA sequencing. DEGs between muscle and fat tissues were identified. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses of DEGs were performed. A total of 6130 DEGs were identified to be significantly enriched in 365 GO terms, most of which were involved in biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions in muscle and fat tissues. Three important lipid signaling pathways (pyruvate metabolism, the insulin signaling pathway, and the adipocytokine signaling pathway) were identified among the fat and muscle tissues of broilers. The key common DEGs in these pathways included phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2 (PCK2), acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 alpha and beta (ACACA and ACACB), and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (AMPK) gene family. Hence, our findings revealed the pathways and key genes and gene families involved in the regulation of fat deposition in the muscle and fat tissues of broilers.     

香蕉枯萎病生防菌对杀虫剂的适应性研究

将3株香蕉枯萎病生防菌bio-B、bio-d4和bio-d5分别与杀虫剂福气多、乐斯本、绿色金通混合,测定其混合液对香蕉枯萎病菌孢子萌发的抑制作用以及杀虫剂对生防菌生长繁殖的影响。结果显示,乐斯本和绿色金通对生防菌Bio-B的抑菌作用没有影响,而福气多减弱bio-B的抑菌作用;福气多、乐斯本和绿色金通对bio-d4的抑菌作用没有影响;乐斯本和绿色金通对生防菌Bio-d5的抑菌作用没有影响,而福气多减弱bio-d5的抑菌作用;杀虫剂绿色金通对生防菌bio-B的生长影响最大,bio-B与绿色金通混合在平板上形成的菌落明显小于对照;杀虫剂福气多对生防菌bio-d5的生长影响最小,bio-d5与福气多混合在平板上形成的菌落明显大于对照。     

Effects of melatonin on maturation,histone acetylation,autophagy of porcine oocytes and subsequent embryonic development

Melatonin (MLT) is an endogenous hormone with roles in animal germ cell development. However, the effect of MLT on porcine oocyte maturation and its underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of exogenous MLT on oocyte maturation, histone acetylation, autophagy and subsequent embryonic development. We found that 1 nmol/L MLT supplemented in maturation medium was the optimal concentration to promote porcine oocyte maturation and subsequent developmental competence and quality of parthenogenetic embryos. Interestingly, the beneficial effects of 1 nmol/L MLT treatment on porcine oocyte maturation and embryo development were mainly attributed to the first half period of in vitro maturation. Simultaneously, MLT treatment could also improve maturation of small follicle‐derived oocytes, morphologically poor (cumulus cell layer ≤1) and even artificially denuded oocytes and their subsequent embryo development. Furthermore, MLT treatment not only could decrease the levels of H3K27ac and H4K16ac in metaphase II (MII) oocytes, but also could increase the expression abundances of genes associated with cumulus cell expansion, meiotic maturation, histone acetylation and autophagy in cumulus cells or MII oocytes. These results indicate that MLT treatment can facilitate porcine oocyte maturation and subsequent embryonic development probably, through improvements in histone acetylation and autophagy in oocytes.     

茄子新品种晋紫长茄的选育

晋紫长茄是以临猗紫长茄经多代自交选育的自交系104-126-43-18为母本,以柳林长茄经多代自交选育的自交系237-9-27-11为父本配制而成的一代杂种。植株直立,生长势强,结果能力强;果实长筒形,果皮鲜紫光亮,果肉白色,肉质细嫩松软,口感好,单果质量500g左右;中早熟,从开花到采收15~20d(天),每667m2产量5000kg左右;对黄萎病的抗性强于对照短把黑。适合春夏季露地栽培。     

龙岩地区部分猪场弓形虫病的血清学调查

通过间接血凝(IHA)试验对采自龙岩地区12个猪场的2055份猪血清进行弓形虫病的抗体检测,结果表明猪弓形虫病在龙岩地区呈散发性流行。样品阳性率为5.99%,各猪场之间的抗体阳性率有一定差异,最高为16.22%,最低为0。在母猪群中随着胎次的增加,弓形虫病抗体阳性率也升高,由1～2胎的6.72%上升到5胎以上的12.18%;育肥猪群总体弓形虫病抗体阳性率较低,由哺乳仔猪的10.94%缓慢降至育肥猪的1.62%,呈现出随日龄增加弓形虫病抗体阳性率逐渐降低的趋势。     

激素与营养液配施对平菇产量及品质的影响

植物激素与营养液配合施用可促进平菇菌丝生长和子实体发育，提高产量，改善商品性状，但却不能增加干物质的积累。对营养成分含量的影响随激素与营养液配方的不同而异。     

短棒早丝瓜新品种的选育

短棒早丝瓜生长势强,较抗丝瓜霜霉病和白粉病.特早熟,第一雌花节位5～6节,比对照品种长沙肉丝瓜早7～8天采收.瓜条短棒形,较粗,匀直,表皮青绿色,果肉脆嫩,味甜.果长20～22 cm,果粗7～8 cm,单果重350～400g.露地栽培每667m2产量3 000kg以上,比长沙肉丝瓜增产35%左右.