猪毛滴虫病病原及诊治的研究进展

猪毛滴虫病的历史较短,关于该病的研究和病例报道也较少。近年来,随着该病导致保育猪腹泻病例日益增多,猪毛滴虫病对养猪业的危害日益显现。本文就该病的病原、危害性、致病机理、流行病学、临床症状、病理变化、诊断以及防治作一综述,旨在为猪毛滴虫病的研究和防控提供参考。     

蚕蛹蛋白水解技术研究进展

目前蚕业资源综合利用正作为一个新兴产业得到广泛关注。蚕蛹是缫丝过程中的副产物,富含蛋白质,含有人体需要的18种氨基酸,其中8种必需氨基酸含量达40%以上,其组成和比例非常符合WHO/FAO提出的氨基酸模式,是优质蛋白质及氨基酸来源。我国每年有10多万吨干蚕蛹可供利用,但大多被     

寡糖在反刍动物营养中的作用

寡糖(Oligosaccharides,Os)又称寡聚糖或低聚糖,是指2～10个单糖通过糖苷键连接形成的一类糖,是近年来开发的无公害饲料添加剂之一.由于具有无污染、无残留、功能奇特等优点,日益受到人们的重视,已成为当今研究的热点.在日本,食品和饲料中使用寡糖已成为常规 [1].其他各国饲料中寡糖的使用量也呈逐年上升的趋势.     

海南坡鹿疾病发生的一般规律与防治对策

掌握海南坡鹿疾病发生与发展规律,有利于开展防治工作,促进种群恢复.根据多年的实践经验与观察,阐述了海南坡鹿普通疾病发生的一般规律:不同年龄的坡鹿个体多发性疾病存在差异;不同季节坡鹿的多发性疾病类型和发病率也不相同,并提出了相应的疾病防治措施与保护建议.     

动物福利壁垒分析与应对措施

随着传统关税壁垒作用逐步减弱,非关税壁垒在国际贸易中起着越来越重要的角色,一种新的贸易壁垒――动物福利壁垒逐渐形成,并对我国畜禽产品的出口产生越来越大的影响。目前,动物福利壁垒在我国还是一个全新的领域。本文从动物福利壁垒的实例入手,分析了动物福利壁垒及其特征,对比与发达国家的差异以及给出口企业带来的影响,并提出了积极有效的应对措施。     

漳浦县中蜂高产措施

养中蜂最主要的目的是追求蜂蜜产量.目前国内有关中蜂技术较全面、系统的著作有杨冠煌老师的<中华蜜蜂>和龚凫羌先生的<中蜂饲养原理与方法>.但至今尚未见到有相当规模的示范蜂场的报道.我的技术措施在我地推广了20多年,现在已经在多个地区全面开花了. 今年春季的荔枝、龙眼花期,我县平均单脾产量为5～6.5千克,中蜂群产量在20～30千克,单脾平均产量为5.5～7千克.     

玉米胚芽粕质量安全现状与应用

随着现代生物技术在玉米深加工产业中的发展和应用,副产品的产量越来越大.玉米胚芽粕是一种以玉米纤维和蛋白质为主的高营养物质,生物效价PER值与WHO/FAO推荐值相近,近似于人奶和鸡蛋生物学价值,目前已用于育肥猪、反刍动物和家禽饲料添加.本研究对玉米胚芽粕的品质进行分析,以期将这一廉价的饲料资源进一步合理开发利用,取得更...     

Feline immunodeficiency virus, feline leukaemia virus, Toxoplasma gondii, and intestinal parasitic infections in Taiwanese cats

A population consisting of 70 breeder cats, 43 clinical cases, and 16 feral cats was examined for the presence of Toxoplasma gondii, feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), and feline leukaemia virus (FeLV). No oocysts of T. gondii were observed in 96 faecal samples; faecal samples were not available from the feral cats. Other intestinal parasites identified included Isospora felis (three cats), Isospora rivolta (five), Dipylidium canium (two), Toxocara cati (four), Toxascaris leonina (one), and Ancylostoma sp. (two). Using a kinetics-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on 117 sera including all the feral cats, nine had antibody to T. gondii antigen, three for antigens to FIV, and seven to the p27 antigen of FeLV. Of the nine cats with antibody to T. gondii, only one was also infected with FIV.     

Genetic diversity and relatedness of Fasciola spp. isolates from different hosts and geographic regions revealed by analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences

The present study examined sequence variability in a portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (pcox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunits 4 and 5 (pnad4 and pnad5) among 39 isolates of Fasciola spp., from different hosts from China, Niger, France, the United States of America, and Spain; and their phylogenetic relationships were re-constructed. Intra-species sequence variations were 0.0-1.1% for pcox1, 0.0-2.7% for pnad4, and 0.0-3.3% for pnad5 for Fasciola hepatica; 0.0-1.8% for pcox1, 0.0-2.5% for pnad4, and 0.0-4.2% for pnad5 for Fasciola gigantica, and 0.0-0.9% for pcox1, 0.0-0.2% for pnad4, and 0.0-1.1% for pnad5 for the intermediate Fasciola form. Whereas, nucleotide differences were 2.1-2.7% for pcox1, 3.1-3.3% for pnad4, and 4.2-4.8% for pnad5 between F. hepatica and F. gigantica; were 1.3-1.5% for pcox1, 2.1-2.9% for pnad4, 3.1-3.4% for pnad5 between F. hepatica and the intermediate form; and were 0.9-1.1% for pcox1, 1.4-1.8% for pnad4, 2.2-2.4% for pnad5 between F. gigantica and the intermediate form. Phylogenetic analysis based on the combined sequences of pcox1, pnad4 and pnad5 revealed distinct groupings of isolates of F. hepatica, F. gigantica, or the intermediate Fasciola form irrespective of their origin, demonstrating the usefulness of the mtDNA sequences for the delineation of Fasciola species, and reinforcing the genetic evidence for the existence of the intermediate Fasciola form.     

Pharmacokinetics of altrenogest in gilts

Altrenogest, a synthetic progestogen, is characterized by its estrus synchronization in mares, ewes, sows, and gilts. To investigate the pharmacokinetic profile and evaluate its accumulation in gilts, 18 oral doses of 20 mg altrenogest/gilt/day were given to eight healthy gilts at an interval of 24 hr. Plasma samples were collected, and altrenogest was determined by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. WinNonlin 6.4 software was used to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters through noncompartmental model analysis. After the first administration (D 1), the pharmacokinetic parameters, including T_max, C_max, and the elimination half‐life (T_1/2λz), were similar to those observed after the final administration (D 18). However, the mean residence time at D 1 was significantly lower than D 18. As a whole, the mean steady‐state plasma concentration (C_ss), degree fluctuation (DF), accumulation factor (R_ac), and area under the plasma concentration–time curve in steady state (AUC_ss) were 22.69 ± 6.15 ng/ml, 270.64 ± 42.51%, 1.53 ± 0.23, and 544.63 ± 147.49 ng hr/ml, respectively. These results showed that after 18 consecutive days of oral administration of altrenogest, plasma concentrations of altrenogest had a certain degree of fluctuation, without significant accumulations.