文冠果花性状多尺度分析

针对文冠果新品种鉴定确立DUS性状指标体系与判别方法的需要,以白花、红花两种遗传类型的花性状为研究对象,选择两个地区作对比,从多尺度分析了9个花朵性状、9个花序性状的差异性和相关关系。性状差异性分析结果表明,花序性状比花朵性状稳定,白花花朵性状比红花花朵性状稳定;花性状的遗传变异大于在尺度上的变异;花性状的变异程度随着尺度的增大而降低,即由大到小的排序为单花尺度、花序尺度、植株尺度、区域尺度。性状相关性分析结果表明,白花性状间相关性大于红花的;花朵尺度性状间相关性大于花序尺度的;北京花朵尺度性状间相关性大于辽宁的,辽宁花序尺度性状间相关性大于北京的。首次建立了花冠面积与花瓣长、花瓣宽的二元指数估计模型;建立了花序质量与花序基径、花序长的一元指数估计模型,花序质量与花序基径、花序长和花序宽的三元指数估计模型,给出的模型可用于性状评价、选优、可塑性研究等,为文冠果种质资源鉴别、分类和多目标选育优良品系与品种鉴定提供依据。     

基于SCAR标记的小麦禾谷孢囊线虫快速分子检测技术

【目的】建立从禾谷孢囊线虫及其近缘种的混合群体中检测禾谷孢囊线虫的快速分子检测方法。【方法】使用随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）和特征序列扩增区域（SCAR）标记的方法,运用PCR技术进行特异性检测。【结果】用本研究建立的SCAR标记快速分子检测体系对9种32个线虫种群进行检测,能够直接从混合线虫样品中检测出禾谷孢囊线虫。该检测方法对禾谷孢囊线虫的孢囊、2龄幼虫具有扩增能力,最低检出阈值为1/2000个孢囊,1/80头2龄幼虫。【结论】本研究设计的SCAR标记快速分子检测体系能够从禾谷孢囊线虫及其近缘种的混合种群中快速检测出禾谷孢囊线虫,且检测准确、灵敏度高。     

原子荧光法测定绞股蓝茶中硒含量的方法及不确定度的评定

试验采用原子荧光法通过测定硒的含量建立绞股蓝茶中硒含量的测定方法并评定测量不确定度.优化结果为负高压270 V、灯电流(主灯电流、辅灯电流设定值相同)45 mA、载气流速400 mL/min、屏蔽气流速600 mL/min、载液为5％(V/V)的HCl-H2O溶液、还原剂为10 g硼氰化钾/L(5 g/L KOH-H2...     

hNIS和hTPO-1基因的同时克隆及测序

目的同时克隆人钠/碘同转运体(hNIS)和甲状腺过氧化物酶(hTPO-1)基因,为下一步共同转染肿瘤细胞介导放射性碘的摄取与有机化,延长放射性碘的停留时间,为治疗未分化甲状腺癌和非甲状腺癌提供更为有效的方法。方法运用反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR),从人甲状腺组织总RNA中,同时全长扩增出hNIS和hTPO-1基因cDNA序列,并将它们分别克隆到pUCm-T载体上。结果与结论hNIS和hTPO-1基因cDNA,可同时成功克隆和测序。     

法氏囊活性肽对鸡体增重及饲料转化率的影响

把不同剂量的法氏囊活性肽 (BS)冻干粉与传染性法氏囊病 (IBD)活苗混合后 ,对 2 1日龄SPF鸡滴鼻点眼 ,同时另选一批同样生长状态的鸡 ,在颈部皮下接种IBD细胞毒油苗 ,同时肌肉注射上述不同剂量法氏囊活性肽 ,观察法氏囊活性肽对鸡生长性能的影响。结果发现 :免疫后7d ,活苗 0 2mLBS组增长最快 ,比免疫对照组多增 82 5 % ,并且饲料报酬高。但从整个试验期看 ,0 4mLBS组增重效果较好 ,比免疫对照组多增 1 9 8% ,并且有较高的饲料转化率。而肌肉注射BS组中 ,高剂量 (0 8mL)BS组的增重效果一直很好 ,比对照组总增重平均多增 7 2 3 % ,并有较高的饲料报酬。这说明滴鼻点眼或是肌肉注射 ,BS都有促生长的作用     

产毒多杀性巴氏杆菌研究进展

产毒多杀性巴氏杆菌 (T Pm)是引起猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎的主要病原菌。对 T Pm的检出及高效疫苗的研制是根除猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎的关键。产毒多杀性巴氏杆菌毒素是一种皮肤坏死毒素 ,也是一种活性很强的有丝分裂原 ,单独就可引起细胞 DNA的合成及分裂。基于此毒素的特性 ,已经建立了诸如豚鼠皮肤坏死实验、小鼠致死实验、细胞促生长实验、胎牛肺细胞毒性实验、EL ISA及 PCR等方法来检测产毒多杀性巴氏杆菌。随着人们对产毒多杀性巴氏杆菌毒素活性的研究 ,猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎的疫苗也逐渐向更安全、有效的毒素疫苗发展。文章主要对 T Pm的检测方法、毒素生物学活性及疫苗的发展进行了概述     

Medial canthoplasty for epiphora in dogs: a retrospective study of 23 cases

The medical records of 23 dogs that underwent medial canthoplasty for treatment of epiphora were reviewed. The most prevalent breed encountered was the shih tzu. Other affected breeds included the Pekingese, Maltese, toy poodle, and pug. All dogs had epiphora associated with medial canthal trichiasis and/or entropion. Other ocular abnormalities included conjunctivitis, keratitis, pigmentary keratitis, corneal ulceration, globe prolapse, and nasal fold trichiasis. After medial canthoplasty, the epiphora resolved in all dogs.     

Protective influence of rosiglitazone against time‐dependent deterioration of boar spermatozoa preserved at 17°C

Spermatozoa are highly specialized cells, and energy metabolism plays an important role in modulating sperm viability and function. Rosiglitazone is an antidiabetic drug in the thiazolidinedione class that regulates metabolic flexibility and glucose uptake in various cell types, but its effects on boar sperm metabolism are unknown. In this study, we investigated the potential effect of rosiglitazone against time‐dependent deterioration of boar spermatozoa during liquid preservation at 17°C. Freshly ejaculated semen was diluted with Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS) containing different concentrations of rosiglitazone, and the motility, membrane and acrosome integrity of sperm were detected. Besides, we measured glucose uptake capacity, l ‐lactate production level, mitochondrial membrane potential, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) production of sperm after boar semen had been incubated with or without rosiglitazone, iodoacetate (glycolysis inhibitor) and rotenone (electron transport chain inhibitor) for 5 days. The addition of rosiglitazone significantly enhanced sperm quality and had a strong protective effect on the sperm membrane and acrosome integrity during storage. BTS containing 50 μM rosiglitazone maintained the total motility of liquid‐preserved sperm above 60% for 7 days. Rosiglitazone improved sperm quality by regulating energy metabolism manner of preserved sperm, protected the sperm mitochondrial membrane potential, enhanced sperm ATP production and in the meanwhile reduced mROS through enhancing glycolysis but not oxidative phosphorylation. The data suggested the practical feasibility of using rosiglitazone for improving boar spermatozoa quality during semen preservation.     

白羽瘤头鸭不同生长阶段的甲状腺活动

本文报道了用放射免疫分析法测定５７例不同日龄的白羽瘤头鸭（Ｃａｉｒｉｎａｍｏｓｈａｔａ）外用血清中Ｔ４的含量和用组织学方法检查甲状腺滤泡的发育作为甲状腺活动的指标，研究不同日龄的生长速度与甲状腺活动的关系。５７例白羽瘤头鸭的血清Ｔ４含量平均为１．３６±０．３７μｇ／１００ｍｌ，其中１—４０日龄甲状腺的分泌活动除２０日龄外，其他的均随着日龄增长而升高，分泌的高峰出现在４０日龄，以后随日龄增长而下降。４０日龄组血清Ｔ４的含量与１、１０、２０、６０、和９０日龄组比较，差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１），血清Ｔ４的波动与相对生长率之间有统计学强的正相关，差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。组织切片检查，刚出壳的雏鸭甲状腺滤泡小。１０—４０日龄甲状腺滤泡随日龄的增长而增大，滤泡腔被甲状腺球蛋白所组成的蛋白质凝胶的均质液所充满、着色深而均匀。６０—９０日龄鸭甲状腺滤泡虽然增大，但其内部凝胶的均质液充满不完全或空虚，着色浅而不均匀。各日龄组甲状腺滤泡的变化和甲状腺分泌的含量变化与Ｔ４的波动相一致。     

Seroprevalence and risk factors for influenza A viruses in pigs in Peninsular Malaysia

Following a series of H5N1 cases in chickens and birds in a few states in Malaysia, there was much interest in the influenza A viruses subtypes that circulate among the local pig populations. Pigs may act as a mixing vessel for avian and mammal influenza viruses, resulting in new reassorted viruses. This study investigated the presence of antibodies against influenza H1N1 and H3N2 viruses in pigs from Peninsular Malaysia using Herdcheck Swine Influenza H1N1 and H3N2 Antibody Test Kits. At the same time, the presence of influenza virus was examined from the nasal swabs of seropositive pigs by virus isolation and real time RT-PCR. The list of pig farms was obtained from the headquarters of the Department of Veterinary Services, Malaysia, and pig herds were selected randomly from six of 11 states in Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 727 serum and nasal swab samples were collected from 4- to 6-month-old pigs between May and August 2005. By ELISA, the seroprevalences of swine influenza H1N1 and H3N2 among pigs were 12.2% and 12.1% respectively. Seropositivity for either of the virus subtypes was detected in less than half of the 41 sampled farms (41.4%). Combination of both subtypes was detected in 4% of all pigs and in 22% of sampled farms. However, no virus or viral nucleic acid was detected from nasal samples. This study identified that the seropositivity of pigs to H1N1 and H3N2 based on ELISA was significantly associated with factors such as size of farm, importation or purchase of pigs, proximity of farm to other pig farms and the presence of mammalian pets within the farm.