美国白蛾新天敌—蠋敌捕食能力的初步观察

首次报道美国白蛾Hyphantria cunea(Drury)的一种捕食性天敌——蠋敌Arma chinensis(Fallou),简述了蠋敌的生物学特性。在商河县,蠋敌在美国白蛾幼虫网幕枝中的分布率为2.33%～17.86%;记述了蠋敌的捕食习性和规律,经室内饲养,统计出各龄若虫和成虫的捕食量,从若虫到成虫,最大捕食量为2头3龄、7头4龄、5头5龄、23头6龄共37头白蛾幼虫;最小取食量为4头2龄、8头3龄、1头4龄、1头5龄、2头6龄共16头白蛾幼虫;分析并指出蠋敌对美国白蛾具有较强的控制能力,是自然界中影响美国白蛾种群密度的重要因子。     

四川松杉植物细胞学研究及生物学意义

本文首次讨论了四川松杉植物细胞学研究现状及核型资料应用于系统分类、植物区系研究的生物学意义和林学意义以及染色体技术在优良品种选育及无性系鉴定中的应用前景。     

破除种子休眠方法研究进展

破除种子休眠的方法主要有物理方法、化学方法、生物方法.物理方法包括温度处理、机械处理、射线、超声波处理和电场处理、干燥后熟和层积处理;化学处理包括激素处理、无机化学药剂处理和有机化学药物处理.许多植物种子的休眠是综合休眠类型,此类植物种子的休眠需综合方法来破除休眠.     

Effects of Bacillus amylolyticus on Rumen Dry Matter Digestibility,Fermentation Parameters and Metabolites of Dairy Cows北大核心CSCD

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Bacillus amylolyticus on rumen dry matter digestibility, fermentation parameters and metabolites of dairy cows. Experiment 1: six dairy cows with permanent fistula and had the similar parity (2 to 3 fetuses), body weight [(662 ±57) kg], lactation days [(160 ± 22) d] and milk yield [(36.1 ±3.8) kg / d], were randomly divided into 3 groups with 2 cows per group. Using 3 ×3 Latin square design, each group was extra fed 0 (control group), 5 ×109 and 5 ×1010 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus, the trial period was 3 periods, 13 days for each period, including 10 days for the pre-trial period and 3 days for the trial period. At the beginning of the trial period, the rumen dry matter digestibility of cows was measured by nylon bag method. Experiment 2: thirty dairy cows with similar parity [(2.5 ±0.3) fetuses], initial body weight [(559.2 ± 7. 4) kg], milk yield [(35. 2 ± 1. 5) kg / d] and lactation days [(99 ± 22) d] were randomly divided into three groups with 10 cows in each group. Cows in the 3 groups were extra fed with 0 (control group), 5 ×109 and 5 ×1010 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus, respectively. The pre-trial period was 10 days and the trial period was 42 days. The rumen fluid was collected on the last day of the trial period, and the rumen fermentation parameters and metabolites were determined. The results showed as follows: compared with the control group, 1) supplementary feeding of 5 × 1010 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus could significantly improve the rumen dry matter digestibility of dairy cows at 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 h (P <0.05), supplementary feeding of 5 ×109 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus could significantly improve the rumen dry matter digestibility of dairy cows at 36 and 48 h (P <0.05); 2) supplementary feeding of 5 ×109 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus could significantly increase the contents of isobutyric acid, butyric acid, isovaleric acid, valeric acid, total volatile fatty acid and microbial protein in the rumen of dairy cows (P < 0. 05), supplementary feeding of 5 × 1010 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus could significantly increase the contents of isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid in the rumen of dairy cows and significantly reduce the rumen acetic acid / propionic acid (P < 0. 05), supplementary feeding of 5 ×109 and 5 ×1010 Bacillus amylolyticus had no effects on rumen pH and ammonia nitrogen content (P >0.05); 3) eleven metabolic pathways related to differential metabolites were detected, and ascorbic acid and alginate metabolism were significantly enriched (P < 0. 05) . In conclusion, Bacillus amylolyticus can increase the rumen dry matter digestibility, and improve the rumen fermentation function of dairy cows by affecting the content of rumen metabolites. By comprehensive analysis, supplementary feeding of 5 × 109 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus can achieve better effect. © 2023 Authors. All rights reserved.     

工业氟污染对山羊硬组织损害的研究

40只6～10月龄本地山羊在氟重污染牧场放牧18个月,对逐月牧草水溶氟,不同时期骨氟、枯草期血钙及碱性磷酸酶作了测定。同时应用X射线及扫描电镜对下颌、肋骨与牙齿结构作了观察。结果指出,随着骨氟增加,血钙降低、碱性磷酸酶升高、骨皮质变薄、密度降低、骨表面疏松多孔,牙齿磨灭不齐、钙化不良、釉质与本质结构改变。干早气候是枯草期牧草氟升高的先决条件,枯草期牧草高氟与钙的负平衡是形成骨质疏松的主要原因,而青草或与枯草期牧草氟含量及动物缺钙程度的不同是引起牙齿磨灭不齐、缩短寿命的关键因素。     

The localization and expression of epidermal growth factor and epidermal growth factor receptor in bovine ovary during oestrous cycle

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is one of the important regulatory factors of EGF family. EGF has been indicated to effectively inhibit the apoptosis of follicular cells, to promote the proliferation of granulosa cells and the maturation of oocytes, and to induce ovulation process via binding to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). However, little is known about the distribution and expression of EGF and EGFR in cattle ovary especially during oestrous cycle. In this study, the localization and expression rule of EGF and EGFR in cattle ovaries of follicular phase and luteal phase at different time points in oestrous cycle were investigated by using IHC and real-time qPCR. The results showed that EGF and EGFR in cattle ovary were mainly expressed in granulosa cells, cumulus cells, oocytes, zona pellucida, follicular fluid and theca folliculi externa of follicles. The protein and mRNA expression of EGF/EGFR in follicles changed regularly with the follicular growth wave both in follicular and in luteal phase ovaries. In follicular phase ovaries, the protein expression of EGF and EGFR was higher in antral follicles than that of those in other follicles during follicular growth stage, and the mRNA expression of EGFR was also increased in stage of dominant follicle selection. However, in luteal phase ovaries, the growth of follicles was impeded during corpus luteum development under the action of progesterone secreted by granular lutein cell. The mRNA and protein expressions of EGF and EGFR in ovarian follicles during oestrous cycle indicate that they play a role in promoting follicular development in follicular growth waves and mediating the selection process of dominant follicles.     

唐菖蒲枯萎病田间消长规律及防治技术

通过田间观察,唐菖蒲出苗后15 d出现枯萎病病株,花苞形成至初花期为发病高峰期。大棚种植和露地种植、茬口、母籽大小与发病有关。播种时用药剂浸泡母籽或处理播种沟,可减轻枯萎病的发生。     

鸡微卫星DNA指纹与屠宰性状关系的研究

利用25个微卫星标记,对以隐性白羽鸡和仙居鸡为亲本建立的资源群体F2500只鸡进行遗传检测,并测定各个体的活重、屠体重、屠体率,采用方差分析法对标记与性状进行连锁分析.研究结果表明各位点平均等位基因数为5,平均杂合度为0.7012,平均多态信息含量为0.6468.方差分析显示MCW0095、ABR0322、ADL289、MCW4、ADL166、MCW104对活重、屠体重有显著影响(P＜0.05或0.01);MCW104对屠体率有极显著影响(P＜0.01);其他标记对性状的影响未达到显著水平.     

猪圆环病毒2型GD株ORF2基因的序列分析

根据GenBank中猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）0RF2基因序列，设计一对引物，应用PCR从本室鉴定分离的PCV2 GD株的细胞培养物中扩增出ORF2基因（702bp）。将此基因片段克隆入pMD18-T载体，筛选获得重组质粒pMD—ORF2并对其测序，结果表明所克隆的ORF2基因与其他PCV2的0RF2基因核苷酸序列同源性在92．1％～99．9％之间，推导的氨基酸序列同源性在90．2％～99．5％之间。