浅谈人工挖孔桩的施工工艺及特殊问题的处理

本文主要论述了人工挖孔桩的施工工艺,并结合实际经验阐述了施工过程中遇到特殊问题的处理方法.     

山杏种皮黑色素的抗氧化活性

对山杏种皮黑色素的抗氧化活性进行评价.结果表明:山杏种皮黑色素可以显著抑制β-胡萝卜素的氧化褪色,其清除自由基活性具有量效性,清除羟自由基能力与2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚(BHT)无显著差异而高于抗坏血酸(VC),清除超氧阴离子能力超过BHT和VC.山杏种皮黑色素既可以作为氢供体,清除DPPH自由基,但清除能力低于BHT和VC,也可作为电子供体,其还原能力高于BHT和VC.     

日本北海道北部寒温带森林流域林冠层凋落物及其养分归还量的景观格局(英文)

Within a forested watershed at the Uryu Experimental Forest of Hokkaido University in northern Hokkaido, overstory litterfall and related nutrient fluxes were measured at different landscape zones over two years. The wetland zone covered with Picea glehnii pure stand. The riparian zone was deciduous broad-leaved stand dominated by Alnus hirsuta and Salix spp., while the mixture of deciduous broadleaf and evergreen conifer dominated by Betula platyphylla, Quercus crispula and Abies sachalinensis distributed on the upland zone. Annual litterfall averaged 1444, 5122, and 4123 kg.hm^-2·a^-1 in the wetland, riparian and upland zones, respectively. Litterfall production peaked in September-October, and foliage litter contributed the greatest amount （73.4%-87.6 %） of the annual total litterfall. Concentrations of nutrients analyzed in foliage litter of the dominant species showed a similar seasonal variation over the year except for N in P glehnii and A. hirsuta. The nutrient fluxes for all elements analyzed were greatest on riparian zone and lowest in wetland zone. Nutrient fluxes via litterfall followed the decreasing sequence： N （11-129 kg.hm-2.aq） 〉 Ca （9-69） 〉 K （5-20） 〉 Mg （3-15） 〉 P （0.4-4.7） for all stands. Significant differences were found in litterfall production and nutrient fluxes among the different landscape components. There existed significant differences in soil chemistry between the different landscape zones. The consistently low soil C：N ratios at the riparian zone might be due to the higher-quality litter inputs （largely N-fixing alder）.     

Concentration variations of several ions in stream after a wildfire

In May 2006, a high intensity wildfire occurred in Songling forest region in Daxing＇an Mountains, China. The concentration changes of eight ions （K^＋, Na^＋, Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋, Cl^-, Br^-, NO3^- and SO4^2-） were measured in burned and tmbumed streams after fire from May to Oct., 2006. Results show that the most ions flux were higher in burned stream than that in unburned stream during the sampling period, and the greatest concentrations of most ions transported from burned stream occurred in July. After fire, the most amplitude chemical ion was Ca^2＋, whose average concentration was 5.50 mg·L^-1 higher than that in unburned stream, and the total concentration of every chemical ion presents a trend Ca^2＋〉SO4^2- 〉Na^＋〉Mg^2＋〉NO3^- . The average concentrations of Ca^2＋, SO4^2- , Na^＋＇Mg^2＋,NO3^- showed an increase trend, but those of K^＋, Cl^- , Br had a decreased trend. SO4^2- had the largest loss among these anions, followed by NO3^-. Overall, the increase degree of cation was greater than that of anion after burning.     

关于混凝土结构裂缝产生原因和防治措施的探讨

混凝土结构裂缝会降低结构的整体稳定性和抗震性能。裂缝产生的原因有荷载作用、温度变化、混凝土干缩、钢筋锈蚀、地基不均匀沉降及施工操作不当等;裂缝的预防可从结构设计、结构施工两方面考虑;裂缝治理方法有表面修补法、内部修补法。     

跨膜蛋白VRAC的结构及生物学功能研究进展

跨膜蛋白是一类位于细胞膜上的重要蛋白质,对于维持细胞稳态和调节细胞的生长发育具有关键作用,因此一直受到广泛研究。本文将介绍一种重要的跨膜蛋白——体积调节阴离子通道（Volume Regulated Anion Channel, VRAC）,并全面综述其分子结构特征和多个生理功能,旨在为后续研究工作提供参考。     

高职旅游与酒店管理专业实践教学模式初探

实践教学在现代高职教学实施中,具有与理论教学同等重要且不可替代的地位和作用。作为高职院校的旅游与酒店管理教育,更应考虑旅游行业对管理层面人才的特殊性需求。强调厚基础、强能力、广适应的素质教育是旅游与酒店管理专业的大方向,因此必须加强专业教学的实践环节。实践环节的设计不仅是为了服务技能和业务操作能力的培养,更是为了毕业生能真正胜任旅游与酒店行业的管理工作,同时也是对理论知识的巩固与加强。     

北方超级粳稻育种研究进展与前景

从育种理论、育种技术及新品种选育等方面,综合评述了中国北方超级粳稻育种研究的进展与前景,认为培育和推广超级稻是继株型育种和杂交稻之后,提高北方粳稻综合生产能力,实现北方水稻生产跨越式发展的重要途径。在“利用籼粳稻杂交创造新株型和强优势,通过回交或复交优化性状组配,聚合有利基因,进而选育理想株型与优势利用相结合的超级稻”育种理论与技术路线确立之后,常规超级梗稻育种已取得了重大突破,成功地培育出一批优质抗病的超级稻新品种并已广泛应用于生产。与常规超级稻育种相比,超级杂交粳稻育种研究进展相对较缓慢。这一方面是由于北方气候与生态条件的限制,另一方面是育种技术研究相对落后。解决优势与生育期的矛盾、产量与品质的矛盾以及提高制种产量等问题,仍然是北方超级杂交粳稻育种所面临的严峻挑战。讨论了与超级粳稻育种有关的生理和遗传问题。     

粗纤维在母猪饲粮中的应用

粗纤维是母猪营养的未来,也是今后母猪营养的发展方向。文章着重介绍母猪能利用粗纤维的原因及粗纤维对母猪的影响,为今后粗纤维在母猪饲粮中的利用提供科学指导。     

猪源Cathelicidins抗菌肽家族的研究进展

Cathelicidins是一类在哺乳动物中发现的含有保守的cathelin区域的抗菌肽,是宿主防御系统的重要组成部分,具有广谱且强大的抗菌活性。文中综述了猪源Cathelicidins抗菌肽家族的基因组成、结构、抗菌活性、作用机制及应用前景。