Albumin overload aggravates kidney injury and renoprotective effect of simvastatin in adriamycin nephropathy mice

AIM: To investigate the aggravating effect of albumin overload on the kidney injury induced by lipid nephrotoxicity, and to observe the renoprotective effect of simvastatin (SIMV) on adriamycin nephropathy (ADR) mice.METHODS: SPF healthy male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group, ADR group, ADR with bovine serum albumin (BSA) overload (ADR+BSA) group, and ADR with both BSA overload and SIMV treatment (ADR+BSA+SIMV) group. All mice were uninephrectomized under general anesthesia 2 weeks before setting up ADR model. ADR+BSA model started to be set up 4 weeks later. At the end of the 0th, 2nd, 6th, 10th and 14th weeks, 24 h urinary protein was evaluated. At the end of the 14th week, the serum biochemical indexes and the kidney pathological changes were observed, and glomerulosclerotic index (GSI) was also evaluated. The cholesterol in the kidney was measured by enzymic colorimetric method and oil red O staining. The expression of IL-1β, TGF-β1 and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr) in the kidney tissues was determined by real-time PCR. The expression of IL-1β and IL-17 was measured by immunohistochemistry and the expression of IL-17 in the kidney was measured by ELISA.RESULTS: Compared with control group, the expression of IL-1β, TGF-β1, IL-17 and LDLr, and cholesterol content in the kidney and the GSI were all significantly increased in ADR group (P<0.05). Compared with ADR group, 24 h urinary protein, serum creatinine, the expression of IL-1β, IL-17 and LDLr, and cholesterol content in the kidney were all significantly increased in ADR+BSA group (P<0.05). Treatment with SIMV significantly decreased the expression of IL-1β, TGF-β1, IL-17 and LDLr. The accumulation of cholesterol in the kidney and the GSI were also decreased (all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Inflammation aggravates the lipid deposition and glomerular sclerosis by increasing the expression of LDLr in ADR mice. Albumin overload further accelerates the progressive kidney damage by regulating the expression of IL-1β, TGF-β1 and IL-17, which promotes the increase in LDLr. The beneficial effect of SIMV might be mediated by its anti-inflammatory effect.     

Mechanism of quercetin improving rat coronary artery myogenic response under high glucose

AIM: To investigate the mechanism of quercetin improving rat coronary artery myogenic response under high glucose (HG) by measuring muscle tension of coronary arterial ring and recording voltage-gated K⁺ channel (Kv) current of coronary artery smooth muscle cells by whole cell patch clamp. METHODS: The coronary rings from the normal SD rats were acutely isolated, and then divided into 6 groups: (1) control group; (2) HG group; (3) HG+low dose (3 μmol/L) of quercetin group; (4) HG+moderate dose (10 μmol/L) of quercetin group; (5) HG+high dose (30 μmol/L) of quercetin group; (6) HG+C6303 (PKC inhibitor)+high dose of quercetin group. Determinations of coronary artery response to vasoconstrictor (60 mmol/L KCl or 0.1 mmol/L U46619) or vasodilator (ACh at 10^-9~10^-5 mol/L) were performed, and the percentage of coronary ring tension was calculated using the contraction as 100% caused by 60 mmol/L KCl. The rat coronary artery smooth muscle cells were acutely isolated for recording the Kv current using whole cell patch clamp. RESULTS: Compared with control group, the contraction amplitudes to 60 mmol/L KCl or 0.1 mmol/L U46619 were significantly increased under HG incubation. Quercetin intervention concentration-dependently reduced the coronary artery contraction amplitude. Incubation of PKC specific inhibitor C6303 attenuated the effect of quercetin. Compared with control group, the diastolic amplitude to ACh decreased significantly in HG group, and quercetin intervention concentration-dependently increased the coronary artery diastolic amplitude. Incubation of PKC specific inhibitor C6303 attenuated the effect of quercetin. Compared with control group, HG incubation inhibited Kv current of coronary artery vascular smooth muscle cells significantly, and quercetin intervention attenuated the inhibitory effect of HG on Kv current intensity. Incubation of PKC specific inhibitor C6303 attenuated the effect of quercetin. CONCLUSION: Quercetin has a protective effect on myogenic response of coronary artery under HG and the effects is related to the increase in Kv current and the activation of PKC in vascular smooth muscle cells.     

甜樱桃花芽与枝条冻害调查分析

以8个甜樱桃品种为试材,研究调查了2015年11月与2016年1月2次寒潮过后泰安市部分甜樱桃品种冻害发生情况。结果表明:冻害原因为降温幅度大、低温持续时间长、防寒意识差,最终导致甜樱桃花芽和枝条受到严重冻害,有些地区花芽冻害指数高达79.9,枝条冻害指数61.2。但不同砧穗组合与品种间的冻害发生程度不同。合理修剪、加强水肥、保花促果、冻害部位处理、预防"倒春寒"等预防与补救措施可以有效防止甜樱桃冻害发生。     

丰县食用根茎类蔬菜产业发展状况与对策

调查了黄河故道地区的丰县根茎类蔬菜的产业发展情况,全面分析该产业的种植布局、种植模式、主要技术和产业化发展状况和特点,了解丰县根茎类蔬菜产业在特色品种、新技术和新装备应用、产业化经营体系等方面存在的主要问题,阐明了山药等主要根茎类蔬菜产业发展的趋势和技术需求,提出了丰县根茎类蔬菜产业发展的政策扶持、科技创新、基础设施和产业化体系发展的对策建议,为黄河故道地区食用根茎蔬菜优势产业发展提供指导。     

D200型秸秆纤维制取机原料供给系统优化设计与试验

为提高D200型秸秆纤维制取机工作效率,实现对农作物秸秆物料的浸泡、清洗及连续稳定的输送,解决人工喂料时劳动强度大、喂料不均匀等问题,设计了与D200型秸秆纤维制取机相配套的原料供给试验装置。在对浸泡装置、搅拌装置和捞取装置间配合关系及工作原理分析的基础上,以单个耙齿为研究对象,分析了耙齿与秸秆的作业过程,建立了捞取量的数学模型,找出了影响捞取量的主要因素。应用L16(45)正交试验方法,以输送带线速度、耙齿齿数、搅拌桨转速为试验因素,以捞取效率及其变异系数为评价指标实施试验。试验结果表明:输送带线速度、耙齿齿数、搅拌桨转速对捞取效率影响极显著(P0.01);输送带线速度对捞取效率变异系数影响极显著(P0.01)。同时利用模糊综合评价方法对试验指标进行综合评价,确定影响综合评价的主次顺序为:输送带线速度、搅拌桨转速、耙齿齿数;最优参数组合为:输送带线速度0.6 m/s、搅拌桨转速40 r/min、耙齿齿数8根。此时,单位时间内捞取效率为1 111.2 kg/h,变异系数为0.124,满足生产要求。     

基于时间序列MODIS的农作物类型空间制图方法

为快速获取大范围种植结构复杂区域的作物种植面积,以MODIS数据为数据源,选择归一化植被指数(Normalized difference vegetation index,NDVI)、增强植被指数(Enhanced vegetation index,EVI)、宽动态植被指数(Wide dynamic range vegetation index,WDRVI)、地表水分指数(Land surface water index,LSWI)、归一化雪被指数(Normalized difference snow index,NDSI)5种特征,结合同步的实地调查样本点,采用支持向量机算法(Support vector machines,SVM)提取黑龙江省主要农作物的种植面积。研究表明,在待选特征中NDVI、EVI与LSWI指数组合取得了最高的分类精度,总体分类精度为74.18%,Kappa系数为0.60;支持向量机算法与最大似然算法、随机森林算法相比,分类精度更优。该方法为在大区域中提取农作物种植面积提供了参考价值。     

苹果种质资源枝干轮纹病抗性评价

将田间自然发病抗性鉴定法与利用苹果轮纹病菌ZZ26人工接种枝条鉴定法相结合,对189份栽培种苹果种质资源进行了苹果轮纹病综合抗性鉴定,并根据抗病性鉴定结果对其进行抗病类型分类和评价。结果表明:不同苹果种质资源抗病性表现存在差异,但参试种质中未发现免疫种质。通过人工接种,189份苹果种质资源的抗病类型可分为:高抗(16个);中抗(75个);中感(81个);高感(17个)。通过田间调查,2012年得到抗病类型3种,即高抗(144个);中抗(44个);中感(1个)。2013年同样是3个抗病类型:高抗(14个);中抗(162个);中感(13个)。两年调查均无高感品种。2017年再次调查,结果显示田间调查与人工接种鉴定结果有随种植年限增加一致率逐渐提高的趋势,2012年为13.23%,2013年为38.62%,2017年则超过一半,达到57.14%。经过综合抗性筛选,最终得到表现一致性较好的高抗种质2份:北之幸和秦冠。     

长期施肥对南方典型水稻土养分含量及真菌群落的影响

利用江西省农业科学院31年的长期肥料定位试验,选取不施肥(对照)、单施化肥、70%化肥配施30%有机肥、50%化肥配施50%有机肥和30%化肥配施70%有机肥等5个处理,通过常规分析和454-高通量测序技术,研究了长期不同施肥条件下,我国南方典型水稻土养分含量和真菌群落结构的变化。结果表明,在酸性水稻土上,长期单施化肥显著降低土壤p H值,但随着有机肥配施比例的提高p H明显上升;有机和无机肥配施显著提高土壤有机质、有效氮磷含量以及微生物碳氮量。单施化肥土壤真菌18S r DNA序列数比配施有机肥的多1倍,但真菌种(属)数减少了11~40种;前20种优势真菌的丰富度占真菌总量的78.82%~91.51%,以子囊菌最多(7?13种),所占比例最大(23.13%?75.09%);与对照相比,配施有机肥的土壤中有14?15种优势真菌与之相同,而单施化肥的土壤中仅有10种一致;主成分分析结果表明单施化肥处理的真菌群落组成与其他各处理存在显著差异。因此,单施化肥造成土壤酸化加剧,真菌数量成倍增加,但种类显著减少,其丰富度和多样性明显降低,并改变优势真菌种群,相应提高了土壤病原真菌过度繁殖的风险。而有机和无机肥配施有利于维持水稻土壤健康生态环境和真菌种群多样性。     

根际氧浓度对番茄幼苗生长发育的影响

为了探究设施园艺作物栽培时适宜的水气环境,采用水培试验,以河南四号和粉珍珠2个栽培番茄品种为研究对象,设置3个氧水平:低氧(0.5~2.0 mg/L)、正常氧(7.0~8.0 mg/L)和饱和氧(14.0~17.0 mg/L)处理,以不通气作为空白对照CK,研究根际不同氧浓度对番茄幼苗植株的形态生长、生物量、根系活力和光合色素的影响。结果表明,随着根际氧浓度的增加,番茄幼苗的长势越好,根系活力增加,但叶绿素含量降低。在处理末期,正常氧处理与饱和氧处理显著提高番茄幼苗的最长根长并增加番茄幼苗的干、鲜质量。其中,在18 d河南四号正常氧和饱和氧处理下总干质量比CK分别增加24.00%和74.86%,而低氧处理比CK降低3.43%;最长根长分别增加67.23%和230.55%,而低氧处理比CK降低1.63%。饱和氧处理下根系更发达健壮,地上部分长势更好,生物量积累最多。因此,在设施园艺栽培管理中,增加营养液中根际氧浓度有利于番茄生物量的积累,进而提高产量。