2016—2018年度国家区试小麦品种品质性状灰色关联度分析与评价

为研究近年来参试小麦品系品质状况并筛选优质品种,对2016—2018年参加国家冬麦区黄淮南片水地组品种区域试验的20个小麦新品系的5个性状进行灰色关联度分析。结果表明,各指标与品质综合评价值的关联度(r_i)和权重(r_j)2年均表现为容重>湿面筋含量/吸水率>蛋白质含量>稳定时间。2017年5个品种综合评价值高于对照,2018年10个品种综合评价值高于对照。‘郑科麦136’连续2年综合评价值列首位。无论是否考虑各指标对品质影响的权重,‘漯麦26’品质2年间差异最小。灰色关联度分析法在品质性状评价中具有一定的科学性,但受评价指标较少、各指标赋权合理性的影响,有一些局限性。在品种应用时应根据最终用途进行细化评价,不同类型的品质参数应分别做灰色关联度分析,以保证分析结果准确。     

氟唑菌苯胺原药高效液相色谱分析方法研究

本文采用高效液相色谱法,以乙腈+磷酸溶液为流动相,使用ZORBAX SB-C18色谱柱和二极管阵列检测器,在240nm波长下对试样进行分离和定量分析。结果表明,该分析方法的线性相关系数为1.000 0,标准偏差为0.15,变异系数为0.15%,平均回收率为100.04%。     

甘薯耐旱性品种苗期筛选及耐旱性指标研究

为实现甘薯耐旱性品种的快速筛选,本试验采用室内PEG模拟连续干旱法对22个甘薯品种(系)进行了研究。结果表明:济薯21、12057、11001和零9281等品种(系)的根系持水力、根系活力和幼苗成活率较高,具有较强的苗期耐旱性;通过统计分析发现,根系持水力、薯苗质量和含水量、根系活力等可作为重要的苗期耐旱性筛选指标;干旱胁迫下根系的持水能力和采苗后薯苗状况是影响甘薯苗期耐旱性的重要因素。在生产上,选用耐旱性品种和采用壮苗是抵御干旱胁迫的重要措施。     

优质高产棉花新品种鲁棉1157的选育及栽培技术

介绍了鲁棉1157 的选育过程、农艺特征特性、产量、品质、抗性及栽培技术要点。     

南方双季稻区小行距插秧机的改进设计与试验

针对300mm行距插秧机在南方双季稻区栽插行距过大、穴数过少及不能充分发挥机插稻的增产潜力问题,在300mm行距插秧机结构的基础上,通过机械优化设计和田间农艺技术相结合的方法,对其插植部箱体、苗箱、支架(包括左右支架和中间支架)和浮板4个关键部位技术参数改进设计,研制出了适合南方双季稻区作业的2ZS-488B型(264mm行距)插秧机,并于2012-2013年在江西省2个试验点进行不同早晚稻品种机插行距的大田对比试验。结果表明:该插秧机作业性能稳定,漂秧率、伤秧率和漏插率分别为1.55%、2.68%和1.93%,相对均匀度合格率为89.54%。与300mm行距插秧机相比,其产量平均增产529.43kg/hm2,平均增产率达8.57%。该研究结果创新了南方双季稻区新的机械化栽插方式,有利于农机农艺的有效融合。     

Functional porous carbons from waste cotton fabrics for dyeing wastewater purification

A new functional porous carbons (PC-WF) is prepared by activation-pyrolysis method use waste cotton fabrics (WF) as an abundant, cheap and available precursor for removal of Brilliant Crocein (BC-GR) and Cationic Red 2GL (CR-GL) from aqueous phase. The PC-WF was characterized by BET, FTIR, SEM, and XRD techniques, the surface area, total pore volume, average pore diameter was found as 1463.5 m² g^-1, 0.783 cm³ g^-1 and 2.14 nm, respectively. The influences on BC-GR and CR-GL adsorption of various experimental factors such as initial concentration and temperature were investigated. Adsorption kinetics was found to be best represented by the pseudo-second order model. The adsorption capacity was 319.8 mg g^-1 for BC-GR and 842.5 mg g^-1 for CR-GL at 30 °C, respectively. The results indicate that for waste cotton fabrics in particular, the practical application of this process to the production of porous carbon would be possible.     

Optimum Level of Dietary n‐3 Highly Unsaturated Fatty Acids for Juvenile Sea Cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus

A feeding trial was conducted to estimate the optimum level of dietary n‐3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs) for juvenile sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicas, based on growth performance and fatty acid compositions. Diets with five n‐3 HUFAs levels (0.15, 0.22, 0.33, 0.38, and 0.46%) were fed to sea cucumber juveniles (1.97 ± 0.01 g) once a day for 60 d. The sea cucumbers fed diets containing 0.22% n‐3 HUFAs showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher body weight gain, feed efficiency, and protein efficiency ratio than the sea cucumbers fed diets containing 0.15% n‐3 HUFAs, but not significantly different (P > 0.05) from those of sea cucumbers fed diets containing 0.33, 0.38, and 0.46% n‐3 HUFAs. The sea cucumbers fed diets containing 0.46% n‐3 HUFAs showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher eicosapentaenoic acid and saturated fatty acid than the sea cucumber fed diets containing 0.15% n‐3 HUFAs, but not significantly different (P > 0.05) from those of sea cucumbers fed diets containing 0.22, 0.33, and 0.38% n‐3 HUFAs. The results of growth performance and n‐3 HUFA compositions of body wall indicated that the optimum level of dietary n‐3 HUFAs for juvenile sea cucumber is between 0.22 and 0.46%.     

广东郁南51年生灰木莲生长研究

研究以广东省郁南林场大东坑工区内 51 年生灰木莲 Manglietia conifera 为研究对象，对灰木莲树高、胸径、材积、树干通直度、侧枝生长习性等指标进行调查和分析。结果表明：51 年生灰木莲生长良好，胸径平均为 44.28 cm，最大为 79.60 cm，树高平均为 20.79 m，最高为 27.00 m，单株材积平均为 1.48 m3，最高为 3.65 m3。可见，灰木莲引种在广东郁南适应性强，能够生长良好，具有生长速度快，树干通直，自然整枝好等特点，是该地区可以推广种植和培育大径材的优良树种。