Detection of transgenic DNA in tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus, GIFT strain) fed genetically modified soybeans (Roundup Ready)

We used nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect Roundup Ready soybean in aquatic feeds and feeding tilapias. A template concentration of 10⁻¹⁰ g μL⁻¹ DNA solution could be detected with a dilute degree of 0.01%. Most (90.6%) of the aquatic feeds containing soybean byproduct included exogenous DNA segments. We also compared genetically modified (GM) soybean with non-GM soybean diets in feeding tilapias ( Oreochromis niloticus , GIFT strain) and examined the residual fragments (254 bp) of GM soybeans. Tilapias receiving GM soybean diets had DNA fragments in different tissues and organs, indicating that exogenous GM genes were absorbed systemically and not completely degraded by the tilapia's alimentary canal.     

水分胁迫下新造地施磷深度对苦荞生长及根系分布的影响

  【目的】  根系构型影响作物的抗旱能力,研究磷肥施用深度调节苦荞根系分布的可行性,为贫瘠干旱地区苦荞的生长提供科学养分管理措施。  【方法】  以‘黑丰1号’苦荞 (Fagopyrum tataricum L.) 为试验材料,进行根管土柱 (直径25 cm、高50 cm) 栽培试验,设置田间持水量65%～75% (W1)、45%～55% (W2) 和35%～45% (W3) 3种土壤水分条件,磷肥施用深度分别设置距离地表10 cm (P10)、20 cm (P20)、30 cm (P30) 以及3层均匀施用 (P-all) 4种方式,共有12个处理。在苦荞幼苗三叶一心期进行处理,生长22天后取样,测定根系构型,并记录生物量。  【结果】  干旱胁迫抑制了苦荞植株生长、干物质量的积累以及根系发育,其中W3水分条件抑制作用最为明显,导致苦荞株高、茎粗和叶面积较W1水分条件分别下降17.20%、18.03%和23.17%;根长、根表面积和根体积分别下降16.97%、20.39%和17.39%;地上部干物质量和根系干物质量分别下降39.16%、28.60%。干旱胁迫促进根系下扎,增加深层土壤中的根系分布。与W1水分条件相比,W2、W3水分条件下0—10和10—20 cm土层平均根长分别下降30.18%和27.55%、41.83%和41.02%,根系干物质量分别下降36.62%和33.61%、49.72%和48.11%;而20—30和30—45 cm土层中的苦荞平均根长则分别增加33.53%和42.52%、31.74%和50.95%,根系干物质量分别增加13.70%和26.84%、5.85%和28.64%。深层施磷促进施磷层土壤根系生长,与P-all处理相比,P10处理10—20 cm土层根长平均增加18.96%,P20处理20—30 cm土层平均增加32.39%,P30处理30—45 cm土层平均增加28.73%,根系干物质量依次分别增加26.62%、30.74%和24.65%。方差分析结果表明,各水分处理条件下,0—10和10—20 cm土层根系干物质量均表现为P10处理显著高于其他施磷处理,且其他处理间差异也达显著水平;而20—30、30—45 cm土层根系干物质量则表现为P20、P30施磷处理显著高于其他处理。  【结论】  水分和施磷深度对苦荞苗期植株生长以及根系分布均有显著影响。在干旱胁迫下,增加磷肥的施用深度可促进苦荞根系在20—45 cm深土壤中的分布,显著扩大根系对土壤养分和水分的获取空间,并最终促进苦荞的生长。本试验条件下,采样仅限于苦荞苗期,在水分胁迫条件下磷肥以10 cm的施肥深度效果最佳。     

改性膨胀珍珠岩去除废水中磷酸盐的研究

采用膨胀珍珠岩经过镧系稀土金属元素改性后处理了含磷废水。结果表明:改性后的膨胀珍珠岩对废水中的磷酸盐有明显的去除效果,当废水pH值为6~9,磷浓度为25mg/L,按改性膨胀珍珠岩与磷质量比为50:1来处理含磷废水,反应时间在4h之内,剩余磷酸盐的浓度小于0.5mg/L,磷酸盐的去除率达97%以上。     

间接酶联免疫吸附试验检测猪生殖与呼吸系统综合征血清抗体的研究

本研究建立了检测猪生殖与呼吸系统综合征（ＰＲＲＳ）血清抗体的间接酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ），其抗原包被浓度为２μｇ／ｍｌ，血清最适稀释度为１∶１００。试验结果表明：ＥＬＩＳＡ的敏感性高于间接免疫荧光抗体试验（ＩＦＡ），是一种切实可行的诊断方法。     

苦荞提取物对大小鼠血糖、血脂的调节

试验观察了苦荞提取物对四氧嘧啶所引起的高血糖型大鼠的降血糖作用及对高血脂症动物血脂的影响。结果表明，苦荞提取物对正常大鼠血糖无影响，大、中剂量对四氧嘧啶所致的高血糖大鼠空腹血糖有明显的降低作用，并改善由四氧嘧啶所引起的高血糖大鼠的糖耐量。给予大剂量苦荞提取物可使大鼠血清总胆固醇（TC）浓度显著下降，给予中剂量可使大鼠血清甘油三酯（TG）浓度显著下降。     

Effect of olive ripeness on the oxidative stability of virgin olive oil extracted from the varieties picual and hojiblanca and on the different components involved

The initial stability of virgin olive oil depends on various factors, among which are the variety and the degree of fruit ripeness. The former, which genetically determines the composition of the olive and its oil, also marks, to some extent, its stability. However, oil stability changes as the olive ripens, so it is obvious that the degree of ripeness is an important factor. The oils were obtained by the Abencor system. Acidity, peroxide index, UV absorption at 232 and 270 nm, sensory analysis, fatty acid composition, tocopherols, phenolic compounds, orthodiphenolic compounds, sterols, pigments, and oxidative stability were determined, and the results were analyzed statistically. During ripening there was a decrease in all of the parameters studied except linoleic acid, Delta-5-avenasterol, and oil content, which increased. Virgin oils showed very good correlation between stability and the concentrations of total phenols, o-diphenols, tocopherols, chlorophyll pigments and carotenoids, linoleic and linolenic acids, total sterols, beta-sitosterol, and Delta-5-avenasterol.     

Distribution and habitat of Spanish populations of the subtribe Hordeineae; improved views following germplasm collecting activities

A complete study was made of 20 Spanish herbaria and of the literature concerning the regional flora of Spain in order to define the geographical limits of the different genera of the subtribe Hordeineae found in Spain. Accordingly, several expeditions were undertaken to the greater part of the Spanish mainland and its islands in order to collect samples of wild populations of the genera Hordeum L., Taeniatherum Nevski and Hordelymus Jessen. This paper, which contains information garnered from both collection activities and the study of herbaria, describes the distribution and ecological characteristics of the habitats where populations of H. bulbosum, H. secalinum, H. murinum subsp. murinum, H. murinum subsp. leporinum, H. marinum subsp. marinum, H. marinum subsp. gussoneanum, Taeniatherum caput-medusae and Hordelymus europeus grow.The bioclimatic and geographical characteristics of the populations of the different genera and species from which samples were taken during collect ing expeditions are also described.     

南京城郊蔬菜食用部位含硫量现状调查

南京城郊蔬菜食用部位含硫量的现状:(1)一年四季的蔬菜以秋、冬季含硫量高,春、夏季低,这与秋、冬季大气中SO_2浓度升高相关。(2)不同蔬菜吸收大气中SO_2能力有明显的差别。大白菜吸SO_2能力最强(超过11g/kg),其次是莴笋、甘兰,最弱是芹菜和青蒜(低于4g/kg)。(3)不同蔬菜的食用部位硫含量是不同的,一般叶菜类蔬菜中硫含量高于果菜类蔬菜。(4)同季节,不同年份的同种蔬菜食用部位的硫含量有逐年下降趋势,表明南京城郊的大气SO_2的污染状况有明显的减轻。