藻类净化含氮磷有机污水及其利用研究进展

从利用藻类净化含氮、磷有机污水其净化作用及其机理、藻类培养环境调控及其生物量利用和新型藻类处理系统三方面介绍了国内外的有关研究现状及其发展趋势。     

Essential role of Fkbp6 in male fertility and homologous chromosome pairing in meiosis

Meiosis is a critical stage of gametogenesis in which alignment and synapsis of chromosomal pairs occur, allowing for the recombination of maternal and paternal genomes. Here we show that FK506 binding protein (Fkbp6) localizes to meiotic chromosome cores and regions of homologous chromosome synapsis. Targeted inactivation of Fkbp6 in mice results in aspermic males and the absence of normal pachytene spermatocytes. Moreover, we identified the deletion of Fkbp6 exon 8 as the causative mutation in spontaneously male sterile as/as mutant rats. Loss of Fkbp6 results in abnormal pairing and misalignments between homologous chromosomes, nonhomologous partner switches, and autosynapsis of X chromosome cores in meiotic spermatocytes. Fertility and meiosis are normal in Fkbp6 mutant females. Thus, Fkbp6 is a component of the synaptonemal complex essential for sex-specific fertility and for the fidelity of homologous chromosome pairing in meiosis.     

走出水稻新品种试种的误区

多年来因试种农作物新品种方法不当而遭受较大损失的现象屡见不鲜。近年来关于新品种试种而造成较大损失的“新闻”也不绝于耳．鉴于试种上的教训，农民朋友在接受农作物品种试种时要谨防以下误区．     

Growth of the collembolan Folsomia candida Willem in soil supplemented with glucose

Freely available glucose improves the conditions for soil microorganisms which are utilized as food by Collembola. We examined the effects of glucose application on collembolan (Folsomia candida Willem) growth and on several biotic and abiotic soil parameters (microbial biomass, soil respiration, qCO₂, dissolved organic carbon, inorganic nitrogen, and Olson-P) in an artificial system without predatory pressure on Collembola. Glucose addition increased soil respiration and qCO₂, and decreased nutrient levels in the soil. Collembolan growth increased with increasing glucose doses. We conclude that the availability of carbon substrates can sustain collembolan growth via an improvement of microbial growth conditions.     

Ascorbate regeneration by the reduced form of 2-amino-3-carboxy-1, 4-naphthoquinone, a strong growth stimulator for bifidobacteria

Nonenzymatic reduction of dehydroascorbate into ascorbate by the reduced form (quinol form) of 2-amino-3-carboxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, a strong growth stimulator for bifidobacteria, has been found. The bimolecular reaction rate constant was evaluated as 9 M(-)(1) s(-)(1) at pH 7.0. This reaction has been successfully coupled with enzymatic regeneration of the naphthoquinol by NAD(P)H in cell-free extracts of Bifidobacterium longum 6001. The overall reaction is a regeneration of NAD(P)(+) by dehydroascorbate [or a regeneration of ascorbate by NAD(P)H], in which the naphthoquinone/quinol redox couple functions as an electron transfer mediator. Kinetic study of the reduction of dehydroascorbate with related quinol compounds suggested the significance of the amino substituent of the naphthoquinol. A mechanism of the electron transfer from the quinol to dehydroascorbate is proposed, where the first step of the reaction is a nucleophilic addition of the C(2)-amino substituent of the naphthoquinol to the C(2)-position of dehydroascorbate to form a Schiff base intermediate.     

锌硅肥对强筋小麦产量及品质的影响

增施锌硅肥对小麦有显著的减少小穗退化、降低空秕率作用,达到增加每穗粒数、提高产量的目的。过量增施锌硅肥对强筋小麦蛋白质、湿面筋、赖氨酸等营养品质有一定负效应,不利于强筋小麦营养品质的提高。生产上以施用腐殖酸锌硅肥37.5kg／hm2为宜。