绿色木霉Fn10-1纤维素酶的分离纯化及酶学特性测定

试验研究了绿色木霉Fn10-1纤维素酶的初步纯化及酶学性质开展研究。结果表明,该纤维素酶的最适催化温度为70℃,最适pH 7.6,在温度为4~50℃下均能保持较稳定的酶活,高于50℃以后,热稳定性变差,酶活力开始急剧下降。pH在5.6~7.6时该酶有较好的稳定性。Na+、Mn2+、Fe2+、Mg2+、Co2+、Ca2+、Ba2+、Al3+对纤维素酶具有一定的激活作用,Ag+、Fe3+、Cu2+、Zn2+、K+对该酶有一定的抑制作用,其中Cu2+的抑制作用尤为明显。     

Characterization of Genomic Integration and Transgene Organization in Six Transgenic Rapeseed Events

To characterize the DNA rearrangement of both the T-DNA region and the genomic insertion site during T-DNA insertion, the Genomewalker strategy was used to isolate the junctions between the inserted DNA and the plant genomic DNA in six rapeseed events as well as the genomic DNA at the sites before integration. During transformation in each of the six events, portions of both the right border（RB） and left border（LB） regions of the T-DNA were deleted, ranging from a 7 nucleotide deletion of the LB repeats in event RF1 to a 207 bp deletion of the LB region in event RF2. For the six events, T-DNA integration resulted in a deletion at the target site spanning less than 100 bp. Sequence analysis indicated that the T-DNA was integrated into the coding region of various native rapeseed genes in events RF1 and RF2. Duplications of the genomic DNA target site were observed in events RF2, RF3 and Topas 19/2. And multimerization of transgenes was found in event Topas 19/2, in which, the T-DNA was integrated as a head-to-head（RB-to-RB） concatemer into the recipient genome. In event MS1, chromosomal translocation or a large target-site deletion may have occurred during T-DNA integration, which was identified due to a failure to amplify the presumptive insertion site based on the flanking rapeseed DNA sequences. Our results provide comprehensive data concerning transgene organization and the genomic context of the T-DNA in six rapeseed events, which can aid in the developing of insert fingerprinting and the monitoring of long-term genetic stability and potential unintended effects of transgenic events.     

内蒙古膜下滴灌棉花叶面肥施用效果

以中棉所50和天元1号为材料,以喷施清水为对照,通过田间试验研究了从蕾期到铃期6次叶面喷施1%(质量分数,下同)尿素、0.5%磷酸二氢钾、1%尿素+0.5%磷酸二氢钾3种叶面肥对内蒙古膜下滴灌棉花产量与品质的影响。结果表明,喷施叶面肥处理均比对照增产,皮棉增产幅度为6.0%~10.6%,喷施1%尿素+0.5%磷酸二氢钾处理增产效果最佳。叶面肥处理对棉花纤维品质无显著影响,施用1%尿素+0.5%磷酸二氢钾叶面肥处理棉花纤维上半部平均长度、断裂比强度优于对照。     

Heavy Metals Residues in Soil,Feed and Beef of the Cattle Industry in Yili area of Xinjiang

In order to understand the situation of heavy metal residues of the beef industry chain in Yili area of Xinjiang.The heavy metals (Pb, As, Hg, Cr and Cd) in soil, feed and beef of the cattle farm were determined using the atomic absorption spectrometry.The results showed that the heavy metal (Pb, As, Hg, Cr and Cd)contents in soil samples were 0.03-0.20, 3.87-8.30, 0.15-0.23, 0.09-0.48 and 0.41-0.86 mg/kg, respectively.The heavy metal (Pb, As, Hg, Cr and Cd) contents in feed samples were 3.01-18.09, 75.35-94.27, 19.65-24.37, 0.06-1.04 and 1.81-8.46 μg/kg, respectively.The heavy metal (Pb, As, Hg, Cr and Cd) contents in beef samples were 0.23-0.54, 1.22-7.12, 0.28-0.53, 0.01-0.27 and 0.02-0.03 μg/kg, respectively.The correlation coefficient of the heavy metal element between soil and feed, feed and beef, soil and beef were 0.96, 0.99 and 0.98, respectively.It was concluded that the heavy metal (Pb, As, Hg, Cr and Cd) contents in soil, feed and beef of the cattle farms in Yili area did not exceed the standard and that in the soil, feed and beef had the high correlations.     

江西省新型农业社会化服务体系的特点与运行模式

实地调研江西省新型农业社会化服务体系建设现状，对江西省目前的新型农业社会化服务体系的特点与运行模式进行分析，针对当地在服务体系构建过程中出现的问题，提出新时期的发展建议。     

香蕉枯萎病菌分子检测研究进展

香蕉枯萎病是全世界香蕉产业共同面临的毁灭性病害,但目前生产上仍缺乏适宜的抗病品种和有效的治疗措施。因此,借助快速准确的枯萎病菌检测技术及时明确病原菌以控制该病的传播和蔓延显得尤为重要。本文回顾了近年来国内外香蕉枯萎病菌分子检测技术的发展历程,归纳和总结了DNA指纹图谱、普通PCR、多重PCR、荧光定量PCR及等温扩增技术在该病菌检测中的研究进展,分析了不同检测技术的优缺点,并指出可能存在的问题和研究发展方向,为该病的分子检测技术优化和防控策略制定提供参考。     

‘马来西亚1号’菠萝蜜叶片氮磷钾动态的研究

通过对海南省文昌市南阳镇、琼海市大路镇、乐东县黄流镇3个地区‘马来西亚1号’菠萝蜜叶片氮、磷、钾3种营养元素的周年变化规律跟踪调查分析,结果表明：3个地区菠萝蜜叶片营养元素变化规律相似。元素年平均含量表现为氮>钾>磷。根据实际生产中的生育期调研分析,将菠萝蜜的生长周期大致划分为2个批次3个时期：第一批次养树期（11—12月）、花芽分化期（1—2月）、结果期（3—4月）;第二批次养树期（5—6月）、花芽分化期（7—8月）、结果期（9—10月）。生长周期内,氮元素含量年变化呈现“N”字型变化趋势;磷含量在1—4月呈先上升后下降的趋势,随后呈缓慢上升趋势;钾含量变化趋势与氮含量变化相似,但钾元素含量变化没有氮元素变化明显。菠萝蜜叶片中大量元素含量的适宜范围为：全氮21.03~22.15 g/kg,全磷2.86~3.40 g/kg,全钾13.49~14.47 g/kg。在生长发育过程中,菠萝蜜需氮、钾元素较多,特别是在花芽分化期和结果期,应注意增施氮肥与钾肥,磷肥应于养树期施足。     

不同基因型菠萝蜜种质资源挥发性香气成分分析

以马来西亚1号菠萝蜜、XYS17菠萝蜜、XYS18菠萝蜜和榴莲蜜为材料,采用HS-SPEM-GC-MS进行测定分析,以期揭示不同基因型菠萝蜜资源香气成分组成差异,为资源创新利用提供理论依据。结果表明：4种不同基因型菠萝蜜资源共鉴定出66种香气物质,异戊醇、月桂醛、3-甲基丁酸-2-甲基丁酯、乙酸异戊酯、异戊酸丙酯等9种共有香气成分相对含量存在极显著差异。PCA分析表明,马来西亚1号主要香气成分为3-甲基丁酸戊酯、乙酸丁酯、乙酸异戊酯、异戊酸丁酯和3-甲基丁酸-2-甲基丁酯,XYS17主要香气成分为异戊酸丁酯、3-甲基丁酸-2-甲基丁酯、3-甲基丁酸戊酯、醋酸辛酯和癸醛,XYS18主要香气成分为异戊酸乙酯、异戊酸丁酯、丁酸乙酯、异戊酸甲酯和正辛醛,而榴莲蜜主要香气成分为异戊醇、2-甲基-1-丁醇、3-甲基丁酸-2-甲基丁酯、异戊酸乙酯和异戊酸异戊酯。不同基因型菠萝蜜香气成分物质组成及含量存在一定差异,为今后新品种选育和优异资源开发利用提供参考依据。     

利用分子标记辅助选择改良春恢350稻瘟病抗性

水稻抗稻瘟病基因Pigm(t)抗谱广、抗性强。春恢350是超级早稻春光1号的恢复系,该恢复系配合力强,丰产性好,但不抗稻瘟病。本研究以携带抗稻瘟病基因Pigm的谷梅4号为抗源,以春恢350为轮回受体亲本,在回交选育过程中,通过表形筛选与分子标记辅助选择相结合,将Pigm(t)基因导入到春恢350中,获得3个带有目标基因的改良恢复系纯合株系。以江西近年来具有代表性的20个菌株对这3份材料进行抗性鉴定,其抗性频率为85%~100%,而原始对照春恢350的抗性频率仅为5%,表明抗性基因已成功导入春恢350中并表达;并用不育系江农早4号A与改良的春恢350测配,其杂种一代田间表现优势强,抗性强。     

优化饲料配置对种公牛精液品质的影响研究

【目的】将种公牛日粮由苜蓿+麦草+混合精饲料调整为苜蓿+燕麦草+羊草+混合精饲料+胡萝卜,比较饲料配置变化对精液品质的影响。【方法】以我中心公牛站2岁以上所有正常采精种公牛为研究对象,经过15d饲料过度+120d正式饲喂,统计饲料变化前后各2个月的采精量、精液活力、精液密度,并与上年同期作环比比较。对比前后种公牛体质状况。【结果】种公牛体质明显改善。精液量提升,密度增加,精液活力提高(P0.01)。【结论】优化种公牛饲料配置能有效改善体质,提高精液品质。