A Reappraisal of the Importance of Cronartium ribicola on Pinus strobus in Great Britain

Because of the possibility of serious infection by Cronartiumribicola (White pine blister rust), Pinus strobus, the Weymouthpine, is now very rarely planted in British forests. An assessment,in 1962, in a number of experimental forest plots of P. strobusestablished in 1953 and 1954 showed that initial infection ofthe trees while growing in the nursery may be an important factorin causing later damage and losses in the forest. The resultsalso indicated that the risk of infection in plantation cropsas a result of spore dispersal from black currants in the localityis much lower than is generally thought. It is suggested thatif P. strobus is raised in nurseries which are relatively isolatedfrom currants and if protective chemical spraying against thedisease in the nursery is carried out, the incidence of infectionin plantations at least half a mile from the nearest currantsis likely to be low. The disease cannot spread within a pinecrop by direct transmission from tree to tree.     

The Diverse Uses of Forests

Neither the professional forester nor the country planner haveyet grasped the truth that forests are for the health, wealth,and happiness of the human race. This truth is considered inrelation to the New Forest and to other forests near the bigtowns, and it is shown that it is only the live, properly managedforest that can fulfil its purpose permanently in all threerespects.     

Problems in breeding and cytology of sugar cane

In Part V the phenomenon endo-duplication of chromosomes within embryo-sac mother cells—cause of the increase in chromosome number within species hybrids of Saccharum—was discussed.Special cases of change in chromosome number by hybridization of sugar cane, which formerly were inconceivable, appeared to be based on endo-duplication.In Saccharum species hybrids with an increased chromosome number equalling twice the haploid number of the female parent plus once the haploid number of the male parent, are of such a frequent occurrence that they may be called normal.Also within other genera interspecific and intergeneric hybrids are known of which the somatic chromosome numbers show the same kind of increase. They are, however, less numerous than in Saccharum. Of agricultural plants we know them for instance in Solanum (potato), in intergeneric hybrids between Lolium and Festuca and in hybrids between Triticum monococcum and T. turgidum. In horticultural plants they occur in Cyclamen. About the mode of origin of such hybrids opinions are not uniform. In this article the possibility is considered whether the chromosome increase in such hybrids may be interpreted in the same way as in Saccharum.     

A Critical Look at Home Timber from the 'Trade's' Point of View

In planning forest management we have the considerable advantagesin Great Britain of an almost clean sheet, fast growth, amplespecies, resourceful engineers, and inexhaustable markets. Wemust organize so that it pays to grow trees. The kind of timberwanted is discussed; how it should be presented for sale; annualquantities needed by an efficient sawmill; and the level ofprices to be paid.     

De ovicide werking van 3,5-Dinitro-O-Cresol

Conclusies De toxiciteit van dinitro-o-cresol-oplossingen moet toegeschreven worden aan de giftige werking van ongedissocieerde diniţro-o-cresol-moleculen. Aangezien een zure oplossing van deze stof veel meer ongedissocieerde zuurmoleculen bevat dan een alkalische, is de giftige werking van dit toxicans sterk afhankelijk van de pH der oplossing. Er is een sterke evenredigheid geconstateerd tusschen de hoeveelheid aanwezige dinitro-o-cresol-moleculen in oplossingen van verschillende pH en de toxische werking ervan op meelmoteieren en op bladluiseieren. De hooge toxische werking van deze moleculen komt zoowel in waterige oplossing als gecombineerd met minerale olie naar voren, zoodat in beide gevallen de pH de belangrijkste factor vormt voor het toxische effect van de vloeistof. Aan de dinitro-o-cresolaat-ionen moet waarschijnlijk geen toxische werking worden toegeschreven, evenmin aan ongedissocieerde dinitro-o-cresolaat-moleculen. Van de vier onderzochte alkalizouten van dinitro-o-cresol is het ammoniumzout toxischer dan het kalium-, natrium- en lithiumzout, welke drie laatste een even groote werking uitoefenen. De hoogere toxiciteit van het ammoniumzout moet waarschijnlijk ook teruggebracht worden tot de werking van ongedissocieerde dinitro-o-cresol-moleculen. Voor de nieuwe gezichtspunten, welke dit onderzoek voor de bereiding van sproeimiddelen heeft opgeleverd, werden octrooien aangevraagd. Publicatie van het Laboratorium der N.V. De Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij te Amsterdam, afdeeling Plantenziektenbestrijdingsmiddelen     

Täuschende Forstinsekten

European Journal of Forest Research -     

Neuerungen des Schädlingsbekämpfung

Ohne Zusammenfassung