一株3型牛腺病毒的分离与鉴定

本研究于2009年由患急性呼吸道疾病牛的鼻拭子中分离获得一株病毒,经形态特征、血清学试验及PCR鉴定表明,该病毒与牛腺病毒3型(BAV-3)相似。对其E2A基因进行序列测定,并与GenBank中登录的BAV1型、3型、4型及人、绵羊、鼠等其它种属来源的腺病毒E2A基因序列进行比对及系统进化分析,结果显示该分离株与BAV-3的同源性为95.5%。经MEGA4软件分析,分离株与BAV-3验证值为100,表明其为BAV-3,并命名为BAV-3HLJ0955株。对该分离株热敏感试验表明,BAV-3 HLJ0955在56℃ 30min可被完全灭活,属于BAV第一群。这是国内首次分离获得BAV-3的报道。     

黑龙江林区发展循环经济的战略思考

循环经济是国际社会推进可持续发展的一种实现模式。它强调最有效地利用资源和保护环境,表现为"资源—产品—再生资源"的经济增长方式,追求的是减量化、再利用、再循环目标,以最小的资源环境成本获得最大的经济效益和生态环境效益。     

温度与昆虫内禀增长率关系模型的比较

数学模型可用于反映温度对昆虫生长速率的动态变化,为选择一个对害虫发生预测具有重要意义的通用性模型,选择Beta、Briére、Ratkowsky和Lobry-Rosso-Flandrois(LRF)4个非线性模型分别对8组不同温度下昆虫和螨类内禀增长率数据集进行拟合,并比较模型拟合效果的优劣。结果表明:Ratkowsky模型对8组数据的拟合优度总体表现最好,其次为LRF模型和Beta模型,而Briére模型表现欠佳;Ratkowsky模型对低温阈值和高温阈值的估计较其它3个模型更为可靠。Ratkowsky模型不仅可以用于描述温度对细菌种群增长速率的影响,还可应用于描述温度对昆虫和螨类内禀增长率的影响。     

杭州西湖湖心亭植物景观研究

湖心亭悠久的历史底蕴、得天独厚的环境条件与良好的绿色植物基础形成了成功的植物景观,其成熟的植物配置模式值得深入探究。文章通过对湖心亭植物景观调查实测,总结得出湖心亭植物景观的经典配置手法、不同类型植物配置实例与优秀景观节点等,以期在植物选择、空间营造、文化传承、借景手法等方面为该类型地域植物景观营造提供借鉴和参考。     

不同产地小桐子粗脂肪含量的测定

通过索氏提取法测定了云南元谋、梁河、永胜、元阳、老挝和卢旺达6个地区的小桐子粗脂肪含量。结果表明:云南元谋小桐子种壳、种仁和种子粗脂肪含量分别为2.30%、43.46%、34.50%;云南梁河小桐子种壳、种仁和种子粗脂肪含量分别为2.97%、58.32%、32.57%;云南永胜小桐子种壳、种仁和种子粗脂肪含量分别为0.98%、55.48%、33.45%;云南元阳小桐子种壳、种仁和种子粗脂肪含量分别为1.16%、47.42%、31.47%;老挝小桐子种壳、种仁和种子粗脂肪含量分别为1.11%、64.69%、37.75%;卢旺达小桐子种壳、种仁和种子粗脂肪含量分别为1.99%、51.02%、30.56%。     

Effects of dietary fish oil replacements with three vegetable oils on growth,fatty acid composition,antioxidant capacity,serum parameters and expression of lipid metabolism related genes in juvenile Onychostoma macrolepis

Five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets with soybean oil (SO), linseed oil (LO), algae oil from Schizochytrium sp. (AO), mixed oil (MO, SO:LO:AO = 1:1:1) and fish oil (FO; control group) were selected to feed juvenile Onychostoma macrolepis (initial weight 1.86 ± 0.07 g) for eight weeks. The results showed that in the LO and FO groups fish grew best. There was no significant difference in specific growth rate (SGR) and feed efficiency (FE) between the MO and FO groups (p > .05). The highest contents of 18:2n‐6, 18:3n‐3 and 22:6n‐3 in liver and muscle were found with the SO, LO and AO groups, respectively (p < .05). There appeared the highest malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the lowest superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the fish liver of the AO group. There appeared the highest concentrations of serum glucose (GLU), cholesterol (CHOL) and triglycerides (TG) in the SO group. The expressions of lipid anabolism genes were significantly up‐regulated by dietary SO and LO (p < .05). The expressions of lipid catabolism genes were significantly higher with the AO, MO and FO groups (p < .05). This study recommended that LO or MO as a better vegetable oil source for juvenile O. macrolepis.     

Effects of dietary lipid levels on growth performance,whole body composition and fatty acid composition of juvenile gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio)

We evaluated the effects of dietary lipid levels on the growth, whole body composition and fatty acid composition of juvenile gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). Triplicate groups of 120 juvenile Carassius auratus gibelio (average weight: 2.05 g) were fed four isonitrogenic diets formulated with lipid levels of 1.4% (low), 6.1% (control), 11.6% (medium) and 21.1% (high) for 60 days. Weight gain in the 11.6% lipid group was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P < 0.05). The feed conversion ratio decreased and protein efficiency ratio increased (P > 0.05) as dietary lipid levels increased. N‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were not detected in faeces. The whole body lipid contents of 11.6% and 21.1% lipid level groups were significantly higher than that of the 1.4% and 6.1% lipid level groups (P < 0.05). The content of whole body n‐3 PUFA in the 21.1% lipid level group enhanced significantly (P < 0.05). The whole body contents of eicosapntemacnioc acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the 21.1% lipid level group were the highest (P < 0.05). These results indicated that high dietary lipid levels (21.1%) inhibit weight gain and promoted fat and n‐3 PUFA deposition in juvenile Carassius auratus gibelio, which led to liver damage. A dietary lipid level of 11.6% was determined to be optimal for growth performance of juvenile Carassius auratus gibelio.     

丛枝菌根对酸枣实生苗耐盐性的影响

本文研究了在土中加入不同量NaCl条件下 (0、1 5、3 0、4 5gkg-1干土 )接种丛枝菌根真菌 (AMF)Glomusmosseae对盆栽酸枣 (ZizyphusspinosusHu)实生苗生长及耐盐性的影响。结果表明 ,无论接种与否 ,植株的高度、根茎叶的干鲜重均随土壤NaCl浓度的增加而降低 ,而根、茎、叶和整株的Na浓度及Na全量均随土壤NaCl浓度的增加而增大。在土壤盐浓度相同的条件下 ,接种AMF植株的生长量 (株高、鲜重、干重等 )和叶片的叶绿素含量显著高于不接种植株。接种AMF的植株茎、叶中Na浓度低于不接种植株 ,而根中Na浓度、植株Na总量显著高于不接种植株。盐浓度最大的接种处理 ,其植株生长量和叶片叶绿素含量均高于不加盐不接菌处理。播种时进行盐胁迫处理和播种后 4 0d开始进行盐胁迫处理对菌根的侵染率、植株生长的影响差异不显著。上述四种盐浓度播种时进行盐处理的接种AMF植株的总干重比不接种植株分别提高 16 4 %、14 9%、4 8%、35 % ,在播种后 4 0d进行盐处理的接种AMF的植株比不接种植株分别提高 194 %、12 7%、72 %、4 6 %。结果证明 ,酸枣实生苗具有较强的耐盐性 ,其生长对菌根真菌有很强的依赖性 ,接种菌根真菌提高了其耐盐能力。     

榕母管蓟马生物学特性研究

研究了榕母管蓟马（ＧｙｎａｉｋｏｔｈｒｉｐｓｕｚｅｌｉＺｉｍｍｅｒｍａｎ）生物学特性，结果表明：在温度２７、３０℃时，正常羽化率达９０．０％～９５．０％，雌虫产卵量达７５～８０粒，卵的孵化率达９０．０％～１００％。在２４℃温度范围内，成虫寿命长达３０～５６ｄ。在云南景谷１年发生８代，世代重叠。     

丛枝菌根真菌和细菌肥料对水稻生长的影响

丛枝菌根真菌能与多数旱地植物共生 ,形成菌根。菌根的形成能促进植物对营养元素 ,特别是磷素的吸收 ,并增强植物的多种抗逆性 ,从而达到促进植物生长 ,提高产量的目的。水稻是我国的主要粮食作物 ,需要在淹水条件下生长 ,而菌根真菌是好氧性微生物 ,在淹水条件下不能形成菌根 ,因而至今还未见到将菌根真菌应用于水稻栽培的报导。但是在旱育条件下 ,能否通过接种菌根真菌 ,帮助秧苗形成菌根 ,培育出健壮的秧苗 ,从而提高水稻的产量 ?这是本试验的目的。在测试菌根真菌效果的同时 ,为了探讨菌根真菌与细菌肥料的协同关系 ,在试验中加入了细菌…