链球菌Gapc基因检测及其序列分析

根据已发表的猪链球菌2型3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(Gapc)基因保守区域设计并合成1对特异性引物,对10株不同来源链球菌Gapc基因进行PCR扩增,并选择PCR产物进行克隆并测序分析,结果在10株不同来源链球菌菌株中有8株可扩增出与预期大小(1011 bp)相一致的DNA片段;选取4株细菌PCR产物进行克隆测序,发现其片段大小为1009或1012 bp,与GenBank参考菌株Gapc基因序列的核苷酸同源性为85.3%~98.3%,氨基酸同源性为87.2%~99.4%;生物学软件分析结果显示Gapc基因在链球菌属细菌中相对保守,且具有较多的潜在抗原表位。本研究为链球菌检测技术和核酸疫苗的研究奠定了基础。     

应用电镜技术快速检测培养细胞中的支原体污染

应用电镜技术可快速准确地检测培养细胞中的支原体污染。通过高速离心浓缩样品,负染色后电镜观察,可在30min内做出判定,方法快速、简便、准确。     

Evidence of long distance airborne transport of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

The ability of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae to be transported over long distances via the airborne route was evaluated. A source population of 300 grow-finish pigs was experimentally inoculated with PRRSV MN-184 and M. hyopneumoniae 232 and over a 50-day period, air samples were collected at designated distances from the source herd using a liquid cyclonic collector. Samples were tested for the presence of PRRSV RNA and M. hyopneumoniae DNA by PCR and if positive, further characterized. Of the 306 samples collected, 4 (1.3%) were positive for PRRSV RNA and 6 (1.9%) were positive for M. hyopneumoniae DNA. The PRRSV-positive samples were recovered 4.7 km to the northwest (NW) of the source population. Four of the M. hyopneumoniae-positive samples were obtained at the NW sampling point; 2 samples at approximately 2.3 km and the other 2 samples approximately 4.7 km from the source population. Of the remaining 2 samples, one sample was obtained at the southeast sampling point and the other at the southwest sampling point, with both locations being approximately 4.7 km from the source. The four PRRSV-positive samples contained infectious virus and were ≥ 98.8% homologous to the MN-184 isolate used to inoculate the source population. All 6 of the M. hyopneumoniae-positive samples were 99.9% homologous to M. hyopneumoniae 232. These results support the hypothesis that long distance airborne transport of these important swine pathogens can occur.     

我国免疫佐剂的研究现状

近年来免疫佐剂研究发展迅猛,新型免疫佐剂层出不穷。介绍了蜂胶佐剂、乳酸杆菌DNA免疫佐剂、弗氏佐剂、脂质体、多糖、中药、硒和维生素E等几种新型免疫佐剂,并简要分析综述了研究新型免疫佐剂的意义和前景。     

荒漠草原牧户草场植被群落特征趋同性研究

为揭示荒漠草原牧户草场生态植被群落特征趋同性,通过不同经济水平牧户草场的植物群落特征比较分析,结果显示:不同经济水平牧户草场中小针茅、无芒隐子草高度在高、中、低不同经济水平处理区并无显著区别,多根葱高度在高、低经济水平处理区亦无显著差异;主要植物种盖度在不同经济水平区无显著差异;小针茅密度在低经济水平区显著大于中经济水平区,无芒隐子草、多根葱密度在各处理区之间亦无显著差异;群落多样性指数中Shannon-wiener指数、Simpson指数和Pielou指数都是高经济水平牧户草场>冬草场>低经济水平牧户草场>中经济水平牧户草场,Margarlef指数则是低经济水平牧户草场>高经济水平牧户草场>中经济水平牧户草场>冬草场,建群种小针茅仍占有显著的优势地位;不同经济水平牧户草场之间小针茅的重要值不同,这与实际载畜率造成的放牧压力以及牲畜践踏程度有关。综上可知,荒漠草原不同经济水平牧户草场的植被群落特征呈现趋同性。     

家蚕品种飞·鹤×祥·云原原种主要性状的统计分析

为了掌握家蚕品种飞.鹤×祥.云原原种长期繁育过程中存在的种性退化现象,采用数据分析软件检测其2003-2010年间主要性状的变异性和相关性。结果表明:4个原种的全茧量、茧层量、茧层率、幼虫生命率的变化均较小,死笼率的变化范围较大,基本保持了该品种的优良种性。     

Serological tests as indicators of immunity against Pasteurella multocida infection in sheep.

Five serological tests, i.e. single tube agglutination, doubling dilution tube agglutination, agar agglutination, passive hemagglutination and passive mouse protection tests were evaluated for their efficacy in predicting the fate of vaccinated and unvaccinated sheep on challenge with an ovine strain of Pasteurella multocida. The passive hemagglutination test predicted the fate of unvaccinated sheep while the agar agglutination test indicated the immune status of vaccinated sheep.     

植物-土壤微生物反馈在草地演替过程中的作用机制

植物-土壤反馈影响生态系统结构、功能及过程,推动植物群落组成的变化,对解释植物群落的演替进程和方向、维持植物群落多样性和稳定性有着重要意义,已成为近年生物学和生态学研究热点。植物-土壤微生物反馈是植物-土壤反馈的重要组成部分。重点综述植物-土壤微生物反馈在植物群落演替过程中的作用机制,简要指出目前研究中存在的不足,并对未来研究中值得重点关注的科学问题进行了探讨与展望。     

抗精神分裂症药物对吐鲁番斗鸡5-HTT和TPH1基因表达的影响

为探讨不同抗精神分裂症药物对吐鲁番斗鸡攻击行为影响的分子机理,试验将36只斗鸡随机分为12组,并选取利培酮、阿立哌唑、盐酸曲唑酮、盐酸舍曲林4种抗精神分裂症药物,且每种药物设有低剂量组（L）、正常剂量组（N）及高剂量组（H）,每天人工口服给药。分别在第1、2、5、8、11、14天时,翅下静脉采血,并采用实时荧光定量PCR法对口服不同剂量药物的吐鲁番斗鸡各阶段血液中5-羟色胺转运体（5-hydroxy-tryptamine transporter,5-HTT）、色氨酸羟化酶1（tryptophan hydroxylase 1,TPH1）的mRNA表达量进行检测。结果显示,口服4种药物后,利培酮组和阿立哌唑组斗鸡血液中5-HTT、TPH1基因mRNA的表达变化具有相似性,5-HTT基因整体呈下降趋势,TPH1基因均表现为波动性上升,且利培酮组TPH1基因mRNA的表达量及上升幅度高于阿立哌唑组;盐酸曲唑酮组和盐酸舍曲林组5-HTT基因mRNA的表达均从第5天开始呈直线上升,并于第14天达到峰值,且盐酸舍曲林组TPH1基因的表达呈微上调,盐酸曲唑酮组则无明显变化。利培酮组和阿立哌唑组斗鸡攻击行为减弱与其血液中5-HTT基因mRNA的低表达有关,本试验结果为进一步研究药物影响吐鲁番斗鸡攻击行为的分子机理提供了重要参考依据。