不同控释氮肥运筹对粳稻养分吸收与氮素利用的影响

以绥粳18为供试材料,通过盆栽试验,在一次性施入控释氮肥免追肥条件下,设置不同施肥量(高、中、低、无)和施肥深度(5 cm、10 cm),探讨不同氮肥施用方式对粳稻养分吸收和氮素利用的影响。结果表明,在不同氮肥运筹条件下,粳稻各生育期氮、磷、钾的吸收、转运均存在明显的协同效应,施肥深度5 cm组,随着氮肥施用量的增加,粳稻的氮吸收总量增加,同时可促进磷的吸收,但影响幅度较小。钾变化与氮、磷变化有所不同。施肥深度10cm组,施高量氮肥抑制了粳稻对磷的吸收、减少了对氮的吸收,但有利于提高氮素利用率,对钾的吸收无显著影响。施用树脂包膜控释肥,纯氮用量为153 kg/hm^2、施肥深度5 cm、一次性施肥免追肥可获得最优水稻氮素利用效率并显著提高磷钾肥利用效率。     

Evolution of spatial structure patterns of city networks in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from the perspective of corporate pledge linkage

The pledge of stock rights is a method for measuring the external horizontal connections of enterprises, which is more suitable to represent the city network compared with the vertical connections of enterprises. Meanwhile, it is greatly significant to express the relationships of regional spaces. The paper characterizes and explores the evolution of urban spatial structure with complex network research methods to enrich the relevant works on city networks in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2011 to 2017. The results are as follows: First, from 2011 to 2017, the pledge of stock rights among cities was enhanced significantly, and the trend of the city networks' characteristics become strengthened and more complicated. Second, cities in the Yangtze River Delta have relatively high connection values, however, cities in the western area are holding peripheral positions within the city network. Third, due to the advantages of economic agglomeration and radiation, the provincial capital have become the core nodes in the city network. Fourth, Shanghai, Hangzhou, and Nanjing have dominant positions within city networks in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Particularly, Shanghai, as one of the leading financial centers in China, has a growing influence on other cities and gradually evolved into a regional growth pole city and the first core city.     

37份新疆无芒雀麦萌发期耐盐性评价

为了解新疆不同无芒雀麦种质材料在萌发期耐盐差异,采用常规纸上萌发法,研究不同浓度(0、50、100、150、200、250 mmol·L^-1)NaCl对37份无芒雀麦种质材料相对发芽率、相对发芽势、发芽指数、根长和芽长的影响,并借助隶属函数对其耐盐性进行综合评价。结果表明:随着NaCl浓度的增加,无芒雀麦种质相对发芽率、相对发芽势、发芽指数、根长与芽长呈明显降低趋势。采用聚类分析将37份无芒雀麦划分为3种类型,包括耐盐型(R)8份、敏盐型(S)7份、中度耐盐型(M)22份。     

红蓝LED光照强度对茶树生长及生物化学成分的影响

以‘黔湄601’一年生茶树苗为试材,光量比为1∶3的LED红蓝光作为光源,探讨不同光照强度对茶树幼苗生长特性的影响、光合色素及生物化学成分的变化趋势,探索茶树苗生长发育对光强的响应机制。采用LED精准调节光质和光强,设置50μmol·m-2·s-1、100μmol·m-2·s-1、150μmol·m-2·s-1、200μmol·m-2·s-14个处理。结果表明,不同光强处理15 d后,50μmol·m-2·s-1光照强度有利于茶树叶色素含量的增加及Ca/Cb值的降低;100μmol·m-2·s-1光照强度有利于茶树叶茶多酚含量的降低及氨基酸含量的增加,酚氨比值最低;150μmol·m-2·s-1光照强度对茶树叶重增加有促进作用;200μmol·m-2·s-1光照强度有利于茶树叶茶多酚含量的增加和氨基酸、光合色素含量的减少;酚氨比值最高,光合色素含量最低。红蓝LED光照强度过低、过高都不利于茶叶品质形成,综合考虑,100μmol·m-2·s-1光照强度最有利于茶叶功能成分的积累,是茶叶LED光源设施栽培的理想光照强度。本研究结果对于设施茶树种植具有重要的参考意义。     

麻地膜对设施樱桃番茄(Solanum lycopersivon)生长及产量的影响

为了明确麻地膜覆盖在设施大棚内对樱桃番茄生长及产量的影响,本研究采用‘浙樱粉1号’为实验材料,设置3个处理:麻地膜覆盖、塑料地膜覆盖及对照(不覆盖),比较了不同覆盖措施对‘浙樱粉1号’株高、茎粗、单株鲜重、结果数量及樱桃番茄鲜果重的影响。结果表明,在设施大棚内采用麻地膜覆盖增加了‘浙樱粉1号’株高、茎粗、结果数量及樱桃番茄鲜果重。麻地膜覆盖对设施大棚内种植的樱桃番茄有增产作用,麻地膜的推广应用可以减少塑料地膜对环境污染,利于农业的可持续发展。     

杉木木质化过程特异表达基因文库的构建与分析

研究木质部木质化过程及其生物学特性对于了解木本植物水分和矿物质的吸收及运输机制、木材形成的遗传控制、改良材性及提高木材生长量具有十分重要的意义。为了获得杉木木质化过程中特异表达的基因,本研究利用抑制差减杂交技术,以杉木突变体独干杉无性系为测试方(Tester),正常的句容0号无性系为驱动方(Driver),构建了正向和反向两个差减文库,分别获得了618和409个克隆。利用通用引物T7和SP6进行PCR及EcoRⅠ酶切鉴定文库重组子,结果证明所构建的文库符合要求,具有代表性。该文库的成功构建为获得杉木木质化过程中特异表达的基因及深入了解木本植物木质化的机理奠定了基础。     

An integrated rice panicle phenotyping method based on X-ray and RGB scanning and deep learning

Rice panicle phenotyping is required in rice breeding for high yield and grain quality.To fully evaluate spikelet and kernel traits without threshing and hulling,using X-ray and RGB scanning,we developed an integrated rice panicle phenotyping system and a corresponding image analysis pipeline.We compared five methods of counting spikelets and found that Faster R-CNN achieved high accuracy(R~2 of 0.99)and speed.Faster R-CNN was also applied to indica and japonica classification and achieved 91%accuracy.The proposed integrated panicle phenotyping method offers benefit for rice functional genetics and breeding.     

无花果品系威紫在威远县的引种表现及栽培技术

2016年2月,威远县从中国农业大学引进无花果品系威紫,经过4年的试验种植表明,该品系在当地表现良好,弥补了缺乏紫黑色果皮鲜食品系的不足。果实长卵形,果面光洁,果皮紫黑色、韧性好,果肉无中空、浅红色,平均单果重45.8g,最大80g,含糖量15.6%,含酸量0.2%,果实始熟期7月中旬,成熟期持续到10月下旬,果实发育期84~91天,定植第3年进入盛产期,每666.7m^2产量1500kg左右,丰产性较强,果实品质佳,商品性好,可作为优良鲜食无花果品系在川渝地区推广。