苹果蠕变特性与静载损伤机理的研究

在描述苹果蠕变现象四元件Ｂｕｒｇｅｒｓ模型的基础上，建立了四元件五参数模型，研究了静载损伤与所受载荷、作用时间、变形量之间的关系，提出了苹果蠕变损伤的主要原因是其变形量超出了临界变形值，并且模型的粘弹性系数与损伤体积有着显著的线性相关关系。     

培育水稻主要产量性状杂优近等基因系探讨

为了阐明水稻杂种优势的遗传基础,探寻水稻杂种优势研究的新方法。用有代表性的6个保持系和8个恢复系为父本,以滇粳优1号和明恢63为母本进行不完全双列杂交。对各主要产量性状进行配合力及杂种优势分析。结果表明,所选用亲本的各产量性状具有不同的一般配合力表现;杂交F1组合的各产量性状特殊配合力有明显差异;F1代各组合的各产量性状杂种优势差异显著。提出根据主要产量性状的杂种优势和特殊配合力表现筛选出产量性状杂种优势明显的组合针对特定的产量性状进行连续选择回交,培育产量性状杂种优势近等基因系,将杂种优势这一复杂数量性状分解为单个孟得尔因子来研究,进而研究水稻杂种优势的遗传机理。这一方法必要而可行,所培育的各产量性状杂种优势近等基因系对育种工作也有重要的利用价值。     

Effect of Zinc Toxicity on Lymphoid Organs in Chickens

The experiment was conducted with the objective of studies on effects of zinc toxicity on lymphoid organs by the methods of experimental pathology and flow cytometry (FCM). 200one-day-old Avian broilers were divided into four groups randomly, and fed on diets as follows: controls (Zn 100mg kg-1)and zinc toxic (Zn 1 500mg kg-1, zinc toxic group Ⅰ; Zn 2 000 mg kg-1, zinc toxic group Ⅱ; Zn 2 500 mg kg-1, zinc toxic group Ⅲ) for seven weeks. The weight and growth index of the thymus, spleen and bursa of Fabricius were reduced in both zinc toxic group Ⅱ and zinc toxic group Ⅲ when compared with those of control group. The G0/G1 phase of the cell cycles of the lymphoid organs was higher, and S, G2+M phases lower in zinc toxic groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ than in control group. Lymphocytes were depleted and degenerate in the lymphoid organs. The reticular cells of the bursa of Fabricius proliferated and the reticular cells of the thymus were also degenerate and necrotic,particularly in zinc toxic groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ. The results demonstrated that more than 1 500 mg kg-1 impaired the progression of lymphocytes from the G0/G1 phase to S phase obviously, inhibited the development of lymphoid organs and caused marked pathological changes in the lymphoid organs. Potential mechanisms underlying these observations are also discussed.     

明月山风景名胜区种子植物区系特征研究

通过对明月山风景名胜区种子植物的调查及其科、属的分布区类型统计,得出其种子植物区系特征如下:区系成分复杂,类型丰富;保护区内种子植物起源古老;保护区内种子植物地理成分复杂;保护区内优势科明显;保护区内种子植物区系有明显的从热带到温带过渡的性质;中国特有分布突出.     

增加农民收入的途径探讨

农民增收问题是当前农村经济发展的关键。分析了农民增收的必要性，探讨了增加农民收入的途径：即调整农业经济结构，农业产业化经营，农业科技进步，发展非农产业，加快城镇化进程，减轻农民负担。     

不同基质和生长调节剂对一串红插条生根的影响

本实验研究不同基质和生长调节剂对一串红插条生根的影响。采用5种不同基质和不同浓度的激素处理。结果表明,珍珠岩与珍珠岩+蛭石(1∶1)混合这2种基质对一串红插穗生根最好。IBA100mg/L处理插穗生根最好。     

一种适用于木本植物RNA提取的方法

木本植物富含酚类、多糖等代谢物质,用普通方法提取RNA时很难将其除去.选取杜仲叶片做材料,通过比较研究Trizol、改良CTAB法和热硼酸盐法三种RNA提取方法,发现改良CTAB法提取效果好且简单易行,单位鲜重材料获得的RNA产量高,电泳条带清晰完整,OD260/OD280=1.84,是一种适于木本植物RNA提取的方法.     

Improvement of Wheat Water Use Efficiency in Semiarid Area of China

The greatest fear of global climate change is drought since in most areas where wheat is grownwater is the most important factor influencing wheat yield. Average wheat yield throughout the world is only30 -60% of the attainable yield potential because water shortage is the major factor preventing the realizationof maximum yield. Periods of drought alternating with short periods of available water are common conditionsto influence wheat productivity. Such conditions include variable frequency of dry and wet periods, intensityof drought, rate of drought onset and patterns of soil water deficit and/or atmospheric water deficit. It is thisdeficit and variable water conditions in semiarid environments that influence wheat productivity variously.This paper reviewed the physiological adaptation and benefits associated with deficit and variable water condi-tions. In addition, it also highlights the compensative effect of limited irrigation and breeding of new varietiesfor high water use efficiency (WUE) that could improve wheat productivity under water-limited environmentsin the semiarid regions. Considerable potential for further improvement in wheat WUE and productivity insemiarid environments seems to depend on effective conservation of moisture and effici ent use of this limitedwater such as soil fertility improvement, conservation tillage, residues and film mulch, rain water harvestingfor limited irrigation, and breeding for water saving varieties. Different crop, soil and water managementstrategies should be adjusted according to the conditions that prevail in various semiarid areas. By combiningsoil and water conservation approaches and adjusting the cropping system by growing drought-tolerant and wa-ter-saving cultivars, increase in wheat WUE and productivity could be achieved.     

The Effects of Mx1 Locus on Immunity Tracts Components in Large White×Meishan F2 Offspring

The mouse Myxovirus resistance protein 1 (Mx1) is known to be sufficient to confer resistance to influenza viruses, and genes encoding Myxovirus resistance protein 1 (Mx1) is, therefore, an interesting candidate gene for disease resistance in farm animals. The porcine Mxl gene has already been identified and characterized based on its homology with mouse Mxl; the full-length coding region of the pig Mxl gene spans 2 545 bp (M65087) and is organized into 17 exons compared with the human ortholog mRNA. In this study, the exons 9, 10, 11 and introns 6, 9 of the porcine Mxl gene were cloned and sequenced; two SNPs were identified in exons 9, 10, 11 but none of the SNPs led to an amino acid exchange, and the other eleven variants were detected in introns 6 and 9, respectively. Differences in allele frequency among Meishan, Large White, Tibetan, Tongcheng, Huainan, and Duroc pigs were observed within intron 9, of which an A → G substitution at position 186 was detected as an Msp Ⅰ PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The association analysis using the Large White×Meishan F2 offspring suggested that the Mxl genotype was associated with variation in several immunity traits that are of interest in pig breeding. However, further investigations in more populations are needed to confirm the above concept.     

广东省甘蔗品种区试中基因型与环境互作分析

针对广东省2004-2005年甘蔗品种区域试验数据,应用Tai氏方法分析基因型与环境交互效应的结果表明,粤糖96-86高产、适应性强、稳定性好,居于首位;粤糖95-168和ROC22高产但适应性较低,粤糖96-24、粤糖97-64和ROC10低产但适应性强,粤糖96-177产量低而且适应性差,它们的稳定性表现不一.