神农架大九湖生物多样性及湿地恢复技术探讨

大九湖湿地是湖北省境内海拔最高的高山湿地。笔者研究了大九湖的生物多样性,并对其进行了评价,提出了湿地的恢复技术。     

Effects of psychological stress on in vitro expression of activated surface molecules on T cells of peripheral blood from healthy persons

AIM: To study cellular and molecular mechanism involved in increasing susceptibility of infection in psychological stress persons. METHODS: Comparative studies were performed with double staining and flow cytometry analysis on immunophenotyping and in vitro expression of early activating surface molecule CD69 in response to mitogens on T cells from peripheral blood of 20 healthy college student volunteers before and after psychological stress. A series of term final examinations was defined as psychological stress. RESULTS: Immunophenotyping analysis showed no statistically significant difference in the percentage of CD2, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD20, CD16 and CD56 positive lymphocyte populations before and after psychological stress. There was a statistically significant decrease in the in vitro expression of CD69 in response to polyclonal stimulators on the T cells from persons after psychological stress than those before psychological stress. The percentage of CD69 expression (CD69⁺CD3⁺/CD3⁺%) in response to PHA and PDB in the whole blood culture for 72 hours decreased respectively from 28.1±4.1 and 80.7±6.8 on the T cells obtained before psychological stress to 17.6±3.8 and 65.8±7.9 on those obtained after psychological stress, while there was no statistically significant difference between the CD69 expression rates without stimulators on the T cells obtained before and after psychological stress. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of psychological stress to immune system is not on the level of changing proportions of the sub-populations within peripheral blood lymphocytes. Psychological stress can decrease the activating response of T cells in healthy persons, which may be responsible for the increase of susceptibility to infection in the psychological stress persons.     

An aggregation index (AI) to quantify spatial patterns of landscapes

There is often need to measure aggregation levels of spatial patterns within a single map class in landscape ecological studies. The contagion index (CI), shape index (SI), and probability of adjacency of the same class (Qi), all have certain limits when measuring aggregation of spatial patterns. We have developed an aggregation index (AI) that is class specific and independent of landscape composition. AI assumes that a class with the highest level of aggregation (AI =1) is comprised of pixels sharing the most possible edges. A class whose pixels share no edges (completely disaggregated) has the lowest level of aggregation (AI =0). AI is similar to SI and Qi, but it calculates aggregation more precisely than the latter two. We have evaluated the performance of AI under varied levels of (1) aggregation, (2) number of patches, (3) spatial resolutions, and (4) real species distribution maps at various spatial scales. AI was able to produce reasonable results under all these circumstances. Since it is class specific, it is more precise than CI, which measures overall landscape aggregation. Thus, AI provides a quantitative basis to correlate the spatial pattern of a class with a specific process. Since AI is a ratio variable, map units do not affect the calculation. It can be compared between classes from the same or different landscapes, or even the same classes from the same landscape under different resolutions.     

基于代谢组学技术的无机砷对三疣梭子蟹鳃组织的毒性作用机制研究

通过非靶向代谢组学方法对比分析暴露于0.3 mg/L三价砷(As3+)、0.3 mg/L五价砷(As5+)环境中96 h的雌性成体三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)代谢物组成及含量的变化,探究As3+、As5+对三疣梭子蟹鳃组织毒性相关分子机制.结果 发现,经0.3 mg/L As3+暴露共...     

提高中文社科纸质型期刊利用率的管理探索

文章从三个方面对如何提高中文社科纸质型(或印刷型)期刊利用率的管理进行实践探索,取得良好效果进行阐述。     

6-3-3并联机构逆动力学分析与仿真

建立了6自由度6-3-3并联机构逆运动学模型,基于刚体动力学牛顿-欧拉法推导出了该机构逆动力学方程组,并用矩阵QR分解方法求解了该动力学方程组,给出了逆动力学仿真程序开发思路并通过Matlab软件加以实现,通过空载和有载荷作用条件下的算例仿真和分析比较,验证了该动力学模型的正确性.     

凹坑形表面土壤减阻率试验及界面动态观察

利用切向粘附动态试验台,测试并研究了土壤含水率为35．1％条件下,玻璃和有机玻璃凹坑形仿生非光滑表面和光滑表面与土壤相互作用的摩擦阻力。采用二元二次回归正交组合设计试验方案,探讨当凹坑形非光滑表面和光滑表面在正压力和速度变化时,土壤摩擦阻力的变化规律,观察两种材料表面与土壤界面的动态变化,讨论试样表面形态与界面水膜及土壤摩擦阻力的关系。试验结果表明,在试验条件下,与光滑试样相比凹坑形非光滑表面玻璃试样减阻率为8．29％～24．65％,有机玻璃试样的减阻率为1．29％～8．18％。     

燃料添加剂对均质压缩燃烧影响的试验

在一台改造的4缸柴油机的第4缸进行均质压燃（HCCI）燃烧试验,研究了添加剂对HCCI燃烧过程的影响。试验结果表明,在HCCI燃烧稳定工况下,没有添加剂的基础燃料PRF90（相当于90号汽油）着火滞后,燃烧放热峰值低,而混有添加剂的基础燃料则着火明显提前,燃烧放热峰值升高。在相同循环喷油量和相同转速的条件下,随着添加剂质量分数的增加,HCCI着火和燃烧放热提前,燃烧放热峰值提高,但过高的添加剂质量分数会使得发动机爆震,工作粗暴。     

液力变矩器导轮流场数值模拟与试验

利用CFD分析软件对W305型液力变矩器的内部流场进行了仿真计算。采用混合平面理论处理旋转速度不同的各叶轮之间的相互作用。基于仿真计算结果,重点分析了导轮内流场的速度和压力分布情况,并将导轮内流场计算结果与试验结果进行了对比分析,结果表明流场计算结果具有较高的精度。     

9SB-2.4型草原松土补播机的研制与试验

为了大面积改良天然退化草场,加快畜牧业持续发展,改善草原生态环境,研制了一种多功能牧草免耕补播机,该机在不破坏原生植被的情况下,可对退化草场进行免耕补种,加快退化草场恢复产草量。该文介绍了该机的工作原理、主要工作部件结构特点,并对该机的播种性能进行了台架试验和田间试验。试验结果表明：该机可一次完成切开草皮、切断草根、开沟、播种和覆土等项作业,播量为7.5～90 kg/hm²,开沟深度10～90 mm,适宜大面积天然草场机械化改良。