玉米胚芽粕质量安全现状与应用

随着现代生物技术在玉米深加工产业中的发展和应用,副产品的产量越来越大.玉米胚芽粕是一种以玉米纤维和蛋白质为主的高营养物质,生物效价PER值与WHO/FAO推荐值相近,近似于人奶和鸡蛋生物学价值,目前已用于育肥猪、反刍动物和家禽饲料添加.本研究对玉米胚芽粕的品质进行分析,以期将这一廉价的饲料资源进一步合理开发利用,取得更...     

麦洼牦牛全泌乳期乳中矿物质元素变化规律研究

为阐明牦牛乳中矿物质元素含量在全泌乳期的变化规律,试验采集了四川省龙日种畜场麦洼牦牛产犊当天到180 d（即0～180 d）内共12个时间点的乳样。采用微波消解法处理乳样,用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪（ICP-OES）测定牦牛乳中14种矿物质元素,分别为4种大量元素（钾（K）、钙（Ca）、镁（Mg）、磷（P））和10种微量元素（硼（B）、钡（Ba）、镉（Cd）、钴（Co）、铜（Cu）、钼（Mo）、镍（Ni）、钛（Ti）、锌（Zn）、锰（Mn））,并以牦牛产犊后30 d采集的乳样数据为基准进行统计分析。结果显示,麦洼牦牛初乳中K、Ca、Mg、P 4种大量元素含量较高。与30 d的常乳含量相比,K的含量在0 d时差异极显著（P＜0.01）,在120 d时差异显著（P＜0.05）;Ca的含量在5 d时差异显著（P＜0.05）;Mg的含量在180 d时差异显著（P＜0.05）;P的含量变化差异不显著（P＞0.05）。在0～180 d泌乳期内微量元素随泌乳期的变化也较明显,与30 d的常乳含量相比,Ba的含量在0和1 d时差异极显著（P＜0.01）,在2、3、4、5和180 d时差异显著（P＜0.05）;Mo、Ni、Zn的含量在180 d时差异显著（P＜0.05）;B、Cd、Cu、Ti、Mn的含量随泌乳期变化差异均不显著（P＞0.05）。综上所述,牦牛乳中K、Ca、Mg、Ba、Mo、Ni、Zn的含量随泌乳期的变化差异显著（P<0.05）,P、B、Cd、Cu、Ti、Mn的含量变化不显著（P>0.05）;整体上看,K、Mg、P、Ba、Zn的含量变化呈先降低后增加的趋势,而Ca的含量呈现出先增加后降低的趋势。     

怎样发挥刑侦犬在命案现场搜索物证的作用

一、犬现场搜索物证能力的培养(一)基础搜索能力的培养在训练初期,训犬员拿一些在实际现场中比较常见的作案工具(如刀具、钳子、木棍等),让犬进行搜     

紫花苜蓿不同基肥配比效应的研究

针对云南紫花苜蓿Medicago sativa种植缺乏专用肥的研究,采用"3414"的试验设计来研究不同基肥配比对紫花苜蓿第1年产量、株高、叶茎比、单株质量的影响.试验得出,施N 57.3 kg/hm2、P2O5 138 kg/hm2、K2O 36.45 kg/hm2时年产最高,达104 865 kg/hm2;施N 129.3 kg/hm2、P2O5 -5.1 kg/hm2(视为不施磷肥)、K2O 82.5 kg/hm2时茎叶比最大,达52.12%;施N 79.35 kg/hm2、P2O5 73.05 kg/hm2、K2O 106.05 kg/hm2时株高最大,达61.56 cm;施N 24.9 kg/hm2、P2O5 79.05 kg/hm2、K2O 80.1 kg/hm2时单株质量最高,达5.58 g.     

The Productive Performance and the Correlation Analysis Between Hatchability and Egg Quality in Jiangxi Green-eggshell Layers

The purpose of this study was to provide the reference to Jiangxi Green-eggshell breeding through the analysis of laying performance, hatchability and egg quality in the first generation of Jiangxi Green-eggshell layers at 300-days old. 306 Jiangxi Green-eggshell layers and 80 eggs were selected to determine the laying performance, hatchability and egg quality among families, and the correlation between the hatchability and egg quality were analyzed also. The results were as fellows:The average body weight of these hens was 1 596.99 g, the average egg weight was 50.57 g, the average egg-laying number was 14.53, the average fertility rate was 93.69%, the average dead fertile egg rate was 5.55%, the average healthy chick rate was 84.3%, the average dead embryo egg rate was 13.9%, the average egg shape index was 1.28, the average Haugh unit was 71.77, and the average eggshell strength was 4.44 kg/cm². The healthy chick rate and the egg weight had significant correlation,as well as the eggshell color and the egg shape index (P < 0.05). The healthy chick rate had extremely significantly correlation with the dead fertile egg rate(P < 0.01), as well as the eggshell strength and the eggshell thickness (P < 0.01). Generally, the first generation of Jiangxi Green-eggshell layers had good egg quality, higher laying performance and hatchability, but they still need to be further selected.     

1株犬副流感病毒的分离鉴定及生物学特性研究

试验旨在分离鉴定犬副流感病毒(canine parainfluenza virus,CPIV),并对其生物学特性进行研究。用Vero细胞接种感染CPIV阳性犬肺脏组织,盲传4代,收集72 h病毒液进行RT-PCR鉴定、电镜观察、血凝试验、热敏性试验、紫外照射试验及病毒一步生长曲线的测定,同时扩增N基因进行序列分析,并构建系统进化树。结果显示,试验成功从出现咳嗽、流鼻涕等呼吸系统疾病症状的病犬肺脏中分离出1株CPIV,命名为CPIV-BJ01;RT-PCR扩增结果发现,在534 bp处有特异性目的条带。病毒电镜观察发现,其超微结构呈圆形、有囊膜、直径在80～200 nm之间;血凝试验显示,病毒在4和37℃均能凝集1%猪红细胞,与报道的CPIV血凝特性一致;病毒对热敏感,长时间高温下病毒毒价会随之下降;紫外照射可使病毒在短时间内对细胞的感染性急剧下降。病毒一步生长曲线测定结果显示,在12～48 h病毒高速增殖,细胞培养液中病毒滴度急剧上升,之后趋于稳定。CPIV N基因序列与19株有代表性的副流感病毒N基因相比,其核苷酸序列同源性为97.1%～99.8%。遗传进化分析表明,CPIV-BJ01与PIV5 1168-1(登录号:KC237064.1)和PIV5 ZJQ 221(登录号:KX100034.1)位于同一分支上,亲缘关系较近。     

Chemical composition and microstructure of uroliths and urinary sediment crystals associated with the feeding of high-level cottonseed meal diet to water buffalo calves

The chemical composition and microstructure of seven uroliths and four urinary sediment samples associated with the feeding of high-level cottonseed meal diet to buffalo calves were examined by chemical qualitative analyses, scanning electron microscopy ( ), X-ray diffraction, and X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry ( ). Struvite was a major component of kidney stones and of some bladder stones. The kidney stone sample appeared cracked under low power under , aggregated into tiny balls under high power, and as a bladelike structure under even higher power. The bladder stone samples appeared finely granular or granular with various forms of prismatic crystals. The urinary sediments were prismatic crystals, with granules. The newly found prismatic crystals, which were rich in potassium and similar to struvite in crystal structure, were identified as potassium magnesium phosphate (KMgPO₄ · 6H₂O) in some bladder stones and urinary sediments. However, crystals which contained Mg and P only, which had been used for struvite identification, were not found by examination in urinary sediments from fresh urine samples of buffalo calves fed the high-level cottonseed meal diet.     

门源草原毛虫茧的空间分布型

通过采用聚集度指标检验的方法，对门源草原毛虫茧在矮嵩草草甸中的空间格局进行研究。结果表明，该虫雄茧（内有雄蛹）和雌茧（内有雌蛹或雌成虫或卵）的空间分布型属于聚集分布。并测定了茧个体群大小，分析了聚集原因，为野外抽样调查，密度估计及预测预报提供了依据。     

猪毛滴虫病病原及诊治的研究进展

猪毛滴虫病的历史较短,关于该病的研究和病例报道也较少。近年来,随着该病导致保育猪腹泻病例日益增多,猪毛滴虫病对养猪业的危害日益显现。本文就该病的病原、危害性、致病机理、流行病学、临床症状、病理变化、诊断以及防治作一综述,旨在为猪毛滴虫病的研究和防控提供参考。     

Seroepidemiology and genotyping of hepatitis E virus in Singapore reveal rise in number of cases and similarity of human strains to those detected in pig livers

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes 20 million infections worldwide yearly, of which only about 3.3 million are symptomatic. In developed Asian countries, HEV strains detected in human sera and in food sources were genetically similar, suggesting that indigenous HEV infections may be largely food‐borne. To assess the burden of hepatitis E in Singapore, we performed a seroepidemiologic study of the infection. Additionally, we carried out HEV genotyping on archived, residual HEV IgM‐positive serum samples collected between 2014 and 2016 (n = 449), and on pig liver samples (n = 36) purchased from wet markets and supermarkets. Our study shows a rise in hepatitis E incidence (IgM) from 1.7 to 4.1 cases per 100,000 resident population from 2012 to 2016 and an increase in hepatitis E IgG positivity rate among residents from 14% in 2007 to 35% in 2016. Other findings also suggest the epidemiology of hepatitis E in Singapore has shifted, from it being mainly a disease imported from the Indian subcontinent, to one that is now increasingly prevalent in our resident population. Genotypes obtained from 143 human samples identified the majority to be genotype 3 (n = 121), 21 to be genotype 1 and one to be genotype 4. Further phylogenetic analyses suggest genotype 3a to be the cause of indigenous infections in residents, which showed genetic similarity to the genotype 3a strains detected in pig livers. This link between the strains in the majority of human samples and those in pig livers consumed by the public suggests a possible food‐borne route of HEV infection in Singapore.