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81.
82.
Manuel Martin-Flores Daniel M. Sakai Chia T. Tseng Robin D. Gleed Luis Campoy 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2019,46(2):182-187
Objective
To assess the ability to visually detect fade during train-of-four (TOF) or double burst stimulation (DBS) in anesthetized dogs recovering from nondepolarizing neuromuscular block.Study design
Online anonymous survey.Population
Data from 112 participants.Methods
A web-based survey containing 12 videos of the response to ulnar nerve stimulation with TOF and 12 with DBS obtained at different levels of recovery from rocuronium-induced block was distributed to participants of the American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia and the Academy of Veterinary Technicians in Anesthesia and Analgesia e-mail lists. Participants were asked to provide their highest training degree in anesthesiology, watch each video no more than twice, and determine whether fade was present. The probability to correctly recognize fade was calculated using binomial general linear models. General linear models and Tukey’s tests were used to assess the effects of level of neuromuscular block, pattern of stimulation, and observers’ training on the probability to detect fade.Results
The survey was completed by 53 diplomates, 29 licensed veterinary technicians, 24 residents and six doctors of veterinary medicine (DVMs). The probability to detect fade decreased as partial neuromuscular block became more shallow (p < 0.0001). A TOF or DBS ratio of 0.7 had a 50% chance of being detected. DBS was superior to TOF for detecting fade when the ratio was 0.3–0.69. TOF was superior to DBS when the ratio was 0.7–0.9 (p < 0.0001). There were no differences among groups of observers when assessing fade with TOF or DBS.Conclusions and clinical relevance
Detection of fade from observations of the response to TOF in dogs is unreliable. Advance training in anesthesiology or the use of DBS confers little to no advantage for this subjective test. 相似文献83.
Jingyuan Xu Tungsun Chang George E. Inglett Craig J. Carriere Yiider Tseng 《Cereal Chemistry》2006,83(1):37-41
Nutrim is a newly developed food product containing dietary soluble fiber β‐glucan. The microstructural heterogeneities of Nutrim‐10 suspensions were investigated by monitoring the thermally driven displacements of well‐dispersed microspheres through video fluorescence microscopy. By comparing the distribution of the time‐dependent mean‐square displacement (MSD) of polystyrene microspheres embedded in three concentrations of Nutrim‐10 suspensions, we found that the degree of heterogeneity of suspensions increased dramatically within a narrow range of Nutrim‐10 concentrations. The ensemble‐averaged MSD of 5.5% Nutrim‐10 suspension exhibited a power‐law behavior scaling linearly with time, which was similar to the behavior for a homogeneous aqueous glycerol solution. But the MSD distribution was wider and more asymmetric than for glycerol. Increasing Nutrim‐10 concentration rendered the MSD distribution much more asymmetric and skewed. This study provided a quantitative method to characterize the organization of Nutrim‐10 in suspension. 相似文献
84.
85.
Fang TY Tseng WC Guo MS Shih TY Hung XG 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(19):7105-7112
The maltooligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase (MTHase) mainly cleaves the alpha-1,4-glucosidic linkage next to the alpha-1,1-linked terminal disaccharide of maltooligosyltrehalose to produce trehalose and the maltooligosaccharide with lower molecular mass. In this study, the treZ gene encoding MTHase was PCR-cloned from Sulfolobus solfataricus ATCC 35092 and then expressed in Escherichia coli. A high yield of the active wild-type MTHase, 13300 units/g of wet cells, was obtained in the absence of IPTG induction. Wild-type MTHase was purified sequentially using heat treatment, nucleic acid precipitation, and ion-exchange chromatography. The purified wild-type MTHase showed an apparent optimal pH of 5 and an optimal temperature at 85 degrees C. The enzyme was stable at pH values ranging from 3.5 to 11, and the activity was fully retained after a 2-h incubation at 45-85 degrees C. The k(cat) values of the enzyme for hydrolysis of maltooligosyltrehaloses with degree of polymerization (DP) 4-7 were 193, 1030, 1190, and 1230 s(-1), respectively, whereas the k(cat) values for glucose formation during hydrolysis of DP 4-7 maltooligosaccharides were 5.49, 17.7, 18.2, and 6.01 s(-1), respectively. The K(M) values of the enzyme for hydrolysis of DP 4-7 maltooligosyltrehaloses and those for maltooligosaccharides are similar at the same corresponding DPs. These results suggest that this MTHase could be used to produce trehalose at high temperatures. 相似文献
86.
Lin LC Wang MN Tseng TY Sung JS Tsai TH 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(4):1517-1524
A liquid chromatography technique coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) electrospray ionization was used to measure (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in rat plasma. This method was applied to investigate the pharmacokinetics of EGCG in a conscious and freely moving rat by an automated blood sampling device. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was used to monitor the transition of the deprotonated molecule m/z of 457 [M - H]- to the product ion 169 for EGCG and the m/z of 187 to 164 for the internal standard. The limit of quantification (LOQ) of EGCG in rat plasma was determined to be 5 ng/mL, and the linear range was 5-5000 ng/mL. The protein binding of EGCG in rat plasma was 92.4 +/- 2.5%. The brain distribution result indicated that EGCG may potentially penetrate through the blood-brain barrier at a lower rate. The disposition of EGCG in the rat blood was fitted well by the two-compartmental model after intravenous administration (10 mg/kg, iv). The elimination half-life of EGCG was 62 +/- 11 and 48 +/- 13 min for intravenous (10 mg/kg) and oral (100 mg/kg) administration, respectively. The pharmacokinetic data indicate that the oral bioavailability of EGCG in a conscious and freely moving rat was about 4.95%. 相似文献
87.
Li-Ping Tseng Chwei-Jang Chiou Chien-Chung Chen Ming-Chung Deng Tze-Wen Chung Yi-You Huang Der-Zen Liu 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2009,131(3-4):285-289
In order to potentiate the low immunogenicity of the inactivated Newcastle disease virus immunized into chickens by mucosal route, liposomes as a drug delivery system and LPS (lipopolysaccharide) as an immuno-stimulator were evaluated. Here, we report a new nasal delivery system of inactivated Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine. The intranasal vaccine was based on different lipids to form MLV (multi-lamellar vehicles) liposomes. The liposomes had combined carrier and adjuvant activities, which induced strong systemic (serum) and local (lung and nasal) humoral responses in SPF (specific-pathogen-free) chickens, and provided protective immunity. PC-Lip (phosphatidylcholine-liposome) elicited significant mucosal secretary immunoglobulin A (s-IgA) levels (p < 0.05) in tracheal lavage fluid and serum IgG levels (p < 0.05). In response to virulent viral challenge, birds treated with PBS (phosphate buffered saline) as control group died, whereas 80% of chickens which received PC-Lip, PC-Lip-LPS, PS-Lip (phosphatidylserine-liposome), and PS-Lip-LPS survived. HAI titers were 1:2560 in the PS-Lip-LPS group and 1:1280 in the PC-Lip, PC-Lip-LPS, and PS-Lip groups after two vaccinations. The results suggest that PC-Lip or PS-Lip might thus be suitable as a potential adjuvant for mucosal vaccination against NDV in chickens. 相似文献
88.
Yeast-expressed classical swine fever virus glycoprotein E2 induces a protective immune response 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Guang-Jan Lin Ting-Yu Liu Yu-Yao Tseng Zeng-Weng Chen Chia-Chin You Shih-Ling Hsuan Maw-Sheng Chien Chienjin Huang 《Veterinary microbiology》2009,139(3-4):369-374
Classical swine fever (CSF) is an economically important swine disease worldwide. The glycoprotein E2 of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is a viral antigen that can induce a protective immune response against CSF. A recombinant E2 protein was constructed using the yeast Pichia pastoris expression system and evaluated for its vaccine efficacy. The yeast-expressed E2 (yE2) was shown to have N-linked glycosylation and to form homodimer molecules. Four 6-week-old specified-pathogen-free (SPF) piglets were intramuscularly immunized with yE2 twice at 3-week intervals. All yE2-vaccinated pigs could mount an anamnestic response after booster vaccination with neutralizing antibody titers ranging from 1:96 to 1:768. Neutralizing antibody titers at 10 weeks post booster vaccination ranged from 1:16 to 1:64. At this time, the pigs were subjected to challenge infection with a dose of 1 × 105 TCID50 (50% tissue culture infective dose) virulent CSFV strain. At 1 week post challenge infection, all of the yE2-immunized pigs were alive and without symptoms or signs of CSF. Neutralizing antibody titers at this time ranged from 1:4,800 to 1:12,800 and even to 1:51,200 one week later. In contrast, the control pigs continuously exhibited signs of CSF and had to be euthanized because of severe clinical symptoms at 6 days post challenge infection. All of the yE2-vaccinated pigs were Erns antibody negative and had seroconverted against Erns by post challenge day 11, suggesting that yE2 is a potential DIVA (differentiating infected from vaccinated animals) vaccine. The yeast-expressed E2 protein retains correct immunogenicity and is able to induce a protective immune response against CSFV infection. 相似文献
89.
Steven McOrist Flo Tseng Rich Jakowski John Keating Chris Pearson 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2002,33(4):381-385
Cerebral arteriosclerosis was observed upon necropsy of a 36-yr-old female captive polar bear (Ursus maritimus) that developed a sudden onset of seizure-like activity and died. The medium and large cerebral arteries of the meninges had moderate to severe diffuse discoloration and mineralization of the matrix of the tunica media, with little or no associated cellular reaction. Scanning electron microscopy of the affected arteries showed discrete crystalline calcified deposits in the media and sclerosis of the arterial wall. There were no lesions in the brainstem. The findings suggested a sudden and rapidly fatal loss of blood flow to the brain caused by long-standing arterial lesions. Incidental findings included numerous 0.1- to 10-cm-diameter, hepatic cysts lined with hyperplastic biliary epithelium, a unilateral, unipolar, 3-cm-diameter renal tubular adenoma, and approximately 250 active Baylisascaris sp. nematodes in the intestines. 相似文献
90.