风柜斗草提取物通过调控脂质代谢改善小鼠肝脂质沉积症

旨在探究风柜斗草提取物(Sarcopyramis napalensis Wall extract,SNE)对蛋氨酸胆碱缺乏(MCD)饮食诱导的肝脏脂质沉积的作用与机制。本研究将60只雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为6组,每组10只,设置MCS组(MCD饲料的对照饲料组)、MCS+风柜斗草提取物组(400 mg·(kg·bw)^-1)、MCD组、MCD+风柜斗草提取物低、中、高剂量组(100、200、400 mg·(kg·bw)^-1),造模及药物干预6周。进行肝组织切片HE染色、天狼猩红染色,检测血清碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT),肝组织谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力水平及丙二醛(MDA)含量以评估肝脂质沉积、肝纤维化以及肝抗氧化情况。使用Western blot技术检测腺苷酸激活蛋白激酶(AMPK)蛋白的激活情况,使用qRT-PCR技术检测固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1C (SREBP-1c)、肝型脂肪酸结合蛋白(L-FABP)、脂肪酸转运蛋白-3(FATP-3)、脂肪酸转运蛋白-4(FATP-4)、细胞间黏附分子-l (ICAM-1)、血管细胞黏附分子-l (VCAM-1)、基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)、组织金属蛋白酶抑制剂-2(TIMP-2) mRNA表达水平,同时采用LC-MS/MS技术进行肝组织非靶向脂质组学分析。结果表明,给予200、400 mg·(kg·bw)^-1剂量的风柜斗草提取物时均可显著改善MCD饲料饲喂的小鼠肝脂肪变性,减少炎症簇以及肝纤维化程度。给予风柜斗草提取物100、200、400 mg·(kg·bw)^-1时均可显著降低MCD饲料饲喂的小鼠血清中ALT和AKP的活力以及肝组织中MDA的含量,显著提高小鼠肝中GSH-Px的活力。Western blot及qRT-PCR检测结果显示,风柜斗草提取物显著激活MCD饲料饲喂的小鼠肝组织AMPK;显著抑制MCD饲料饲喂的小鼠肝组织SREBP-1c、L-FABP、FATP-3、FATP-4、ICAM-1、VCAM-1、MMP-2、TIMP-2的mRNA表达水平。肝脂质组学检测结果显示,风柜斗草提取物显著降低MCD饲料饲喂的小鼠肝中甘油三酯(TG)、磷脂酰甘油(PG)以及神经酰胺(Cer)的相对含量;显著提高鞘磷脂(SM)以及辅酶Q9相对含量。结果提示,风柜斗草提取物可通过AMPK/SREBP-1c途径抑制TG合成,以及通过抑制FATP与L-FABP表达来减少肝对脂肪酸的摄取,从而改善MCD饲料饲喂的小鼠肝脂肪变性;通过提高MCD饲料饲喂的小鼠肝组织中SM和辅酶Q9相对含量以及降低Cer相对含量,改善肝细胞氧化应激损伤情况,进而改善MCD饮食诱导的小鼠肝炎症和纤维化,最终达到改善肝脂质沉积症的作用。     

香猪SRY基因的克隆及序列分析

试验参照猪SRY基因保守序列设计了1对引物,对香猪基因组DNA进行PCR扩增。将扩增产物通过T—A互补法克隆到质粒pGEM—T载体中,筛选阳性克隆进行DNA测序。测序结果显示,香猪SRY基因开放阅读框全长627bp,编码227个氨基酸。其中核心区域HMG—box长237bp,并且编码79个氨基酸。与白鲸、人、牛、绵羊4种哺乳动物的SRY基因序列相比较,香猪和白鲸的SRY序列具有较高的相似性,相似度达82．1％。序列相似性和邻接法聚类树的结果均显示,在SRY基因中香猪和白鲸有着较近的亲缘关系,表明以白鲸为代表的鲸目和以香猪为代表的偶蹄目有较近的亲缘关系。     

羊传染性脓疱病毒NZ2毒株CBP蛋白结构分析与表位预测

本研究应用生物信息学方法,以ORFV NZ2毒株的CBP蛋白氨基酸序列为研究对象,对CBP蛋白的理化特性、亲水性、跨膜区、信号肽、二级结构、三级结构、B细胞表位和T细胞表位进行了预测分析。结果显示,CBP蛋白的相对分子质量为31.179 89 kDa,理论等电点为4.68,半衰期为30 h,稳定系数为43.06,脂肪族指数为81.78,总平均亲水性为-0.383。CBP蛋白为亲水性蛋白,无跨膜区,不属于跨膜蛋白,存在信号肽;二级结构中α螺旋、β折叠、β转角、无规卷曲分别占38.11%、33.91%、5.94%和10.48%,三级结构形似倒立的哑铃,上下对称。筛选出了6个优势B细胞表位、3个CTL细胞表位,无Th细胞表位。CBP蛋白为亲水性膜外蛋白,细胞表位较少,在细胞膜外为ORFV逃避宿主免疫反应发挥作用。本研究为CBP蛋白的功能研究与ORFV的致病机制研究提供了理论依据。     

A Practical Technique for Electron Microscopy of Buffy Coats in Dogs and Cats

Plastic hematocrit tubes (PHTs) are convenient tools for electron microscopy (EM) of peripheral blood buffy coats, and the PHT‐EM technique is expected to be a practical method for veterinary clinical medicine. In this study, fixatives composed of various concentrations of sucrose, glutaraldehyde, and phosphate buffer (PB) were tested for preparing canine and feline buffy coats. The highest quality images were obtained using a fixative consisting of 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 m PB, and it was concluded that this method allows clinicians who are inexperienced in histological techniques can conveniently transport buffy coat samples to diagnostic laboratories for analysis by EM.     

穗肥施用时期对水稻籽粒中胚乳蛋白积累的影响

以武香粳9号为材料研究了不同穗肥施氮时期对水稻籽粒蛋白质积累的影响.结果表明:穗肥的施用提高了籽粒发育过程中单位干重蛋白质含量,以在倒0.5叶施用氮素穗肥影响最大;随施肥时期的延迟,稻米粗蛋白和谷蛋白含量逐步上升,醇溶蛋白含量逐渐降低;倒2.5叶施氮减少了强、弱势粒中蛋白组分的分布和含量,倒0.5叶施氮与此相反;胚乳     

Segmental aplasia of the uterine horn with ipsilateral renal agenesis in a cat

A nine-month-old domestic short haired cat was admitted with the history of acute vomiting, depression and shivering. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed minimum enlargement of the right uterine horn filled with anechoic fluid. On excretory urography, functionally and anatomically normal, enlarged left kidney was found, but right kidney was absent. It was preliminary diagnosed as hydrometra with right renal agenesis. Aiming at the correction of hydrometra, we performed ovariohysterectomy. During spaying, we found a missing segment of distal part of the right uterine horn and absence of ipsilateral kidney and ureter. Compressed uterine structure and segmental aplasia of right uterine horn were found in histopathological investigation. Taken together, it was diagnosed as a segmental aplasia of uterine horn with ipsilateral renal agenesis.     

近红外定量分析技术在饲料中的应用

近红外(Near Infrared缩写成NIR)定量分析技术是近几十年迅速发展的一项新的测试分析技术,它最大特点是能测定自然状态下样品各成分的含量。近红外谱区的信息量较为丰富,且近红外技术本身具有无污染、无前处理、无破坏性、在线检测及多组分同时测定等优点,在食品、医药、化工、     

皮下包埋两性霉素B对兔真菌性皮肤病治疗效果研究

兔真菌性皮肤病是一类传染性极强的人畜共患接触性皮肤病。试验选取体重相近,已感染真菌性皮肤病的吉戎兔15只,分为3组,每组5只,试验组Ⅰ为对照组,注射生理盐水,组Ⅱ和组Ⅲ皮下分别包埋5mg和10mg的两性霉素颗粒剂。给药前和给药后第10天、第20天和第30天分别称重,并观察测定兔皮毛生长及秃斑恢复情况。结果表明,试验组兔增重均高于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05),试验末期组II和组Ⅲ秃斑恢复分别达95%和90%。因此,采用皮下包埋的给药方式有效地延长了两性霉素B的药效时间,可有效治愈兔真菌性皮肤病。     

Strategy for the treatment of puerperal metritis and improvement of reproductive efficiency in cows with retained placenta

The objective of this study was to improve the reproductive efficiency of dairy cows with puerperal metritis (PM) subsequent to retained placenta (RP) using a two-step treatment strategy. A total of 188 postpartum cows, aged from 2 to 8 years, were utilised for 2 experiments. In Experiment 1, cows affected with RP/PM were randomly assigned to two treatment groups. Cows in Group A (n = 17) were treated with 600 mg of ceftiofur intramuscularly for 3 days followed by intrauterine lavage with 0.1% chlorhexidine and infusion with 0.5% povidoneiodine, while cows in Group B (n = 16) received two intrauterine infusions, first with 5 g of oxytetracycline and then with 0.5% povidone-iodine. Cows with normal postpartum findings were regarded as the healthy control group (n = 26). Ultrasonographic examination revealed that the ovarian activities including the appearance of a dominant follicle and days to first ovulation of the cows in Group A during the early postpartum period differed from those of Group B (P < 0.05), which coincided with the results of uterine swabbing for bacteriology. In Experiment 2, cows with normal postpartum findings were allocated to Group D (n = 78), which received an ovulation protocol (GnRH - 7 d PGF2α - 48 h hCG - 24 h AI) on day 50 ± 2 postpartum. Cows affected with PM were randomly divided into two groups, Group E (n = 25) combined the treatments applied in Groups A and D, while Group F (n = 26) repeated the treatment administered in Group E except for uterine lavage. The results indicated that the pregnancy rate within 150 days postpartum and the mean days open in Group E (76.0% and 106.3 ± 4.6 days, respectively) were significantly different from those in Group F (38.5% and 137.9 ± 10.9 days, respectively) (P < 0.05). This study suggests that reproductive efficiency could be improved by using the two-step treatment to regulate uterine involution and an early resumption of ovarian function in cows with RP/PM.     

Aerosol delivery of kinase-deficient Akt1 attenuates Clara cell injury induced by naphthalene in the lungs of dual luciferase mice

Conventional lung cancer therapies are associated with poor survival rates; therefore, new approaches such as gene therapy are required for treating cancer. Gene therapies for treating lung cancer patients can involve several approaches. Among these, aerosol gene delivery is a potentially more effective approach. In this study, Akt1 kinase-deficient (KD) and wild-type (WT) Akt1 were delivered to the lungs of CMV-LucR-cMyc-IRES-LucF dual reporter mice through a nose only inhalation system using glucosylated polyethylenimine and naphthalene was administrated to the mice via intraperitoneal injection. Aerosol delivery of Akt1 WT and naphthalene treatment increased protein levels of downstream substrates of Akt signaling pathway while aerosol delivery of Akt1 KD did not. Our results showed that naphthalene affected extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) protein levels, ERK-related signaling, and induced Clara cell injury. However, Clara cell injury induced by naphthalene was considerably attenuated in mice exposed to Akt1 KD. Furthermore, a dual luciferase activity assay showed that aerosol delivery of Akt1 WT and naphthalene treatment enhanced cap-dependent protein translation, while reduced cap-dependent protein translation was observed after delivering Akt1 KD. These studies demonstrated that our aerosol delivery is compatible for in vivo gene delivery.