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101.
Andrea Maxia Maria Cristina Lancioni Alessandra Nicoletta Balia Raffaella Alborghetti Andrea Pieroni Maria Cecilia Loi 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2008,55(6):911-924
A medico-ethnobotanical study was conducted among the Tabarkin communities living in Calasetta and Carloforte, in south-western
Sardinia. These communities represent a Ligurian minority who have resided in Sardinia since their forebears migrated from
Tabarka in Tunisia in the second half of the 18th Century, having previously migrated to Tabarka from Genoa in 1544. In this
study, we conducted more than 200 interviews and recorded 53 botanical taxa and 72 folk pharmaceutical preparations, which
represent the folk medicine of the Tabarkins. The folk phytotherapy of the Tabarkins living in Calasetta and Carloforte is
quite restricted compared with other folk phytotherapy recorded in similar recent ethnobotanical studies conducted in Sardinia.
This could indicate that there has been a remarkable erosion of Traditional Knowledge (TK) within these two communities. Of
particular interest are a few local medical uses we recorded that have never or only very rarely been documented in Italy;
namely the use of Dittrichia graveolens (L.) Greuter as an anti-haemorrhoidal, of Centaurea calcitrapa L. as a remedy for malaria, of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. in ophthalmic treatments, and of Urtica dioica L. as an antiviral in cases of German measles. Most of the botanical species quoted in this research are referred to in the
two centres using a local Ligurian idiom. Most of the medico-botanical uses we recorded are very similar to those collected in other ethnobotanical surveys carried out in Liguria and south-western
Sardinia. Because there was no evidence in this research of any substantial ethnobotanical traces related to the communities’
North-African experience, it would appear that the Tabarkins have readily adopted their host culture’s use of medicinal plants
and have retained their own traditional cognitive concepts and knowledge of the natural plant world through the language only. 相似文献
102.
103.
Paola Durán Jacquelinne J. Acuña Milko A. Jorquera Rosario Azcón Cecilia Paredes Zed Rengel María de la Luz Mora 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2014,50(6):983-990
In this study, we isolated putative plant-growth-promoting endophytic bacteria from selenium-supplemented wheat grown under field conditions. These bacterial strains belonged to Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Klebsiella, and Acinetobacter genera and showed genetic similarly with rhizospheric bacteria isolated in the same Andisol soil and with other endophytic strains previously reported. Strains isolated from selenium-supplemented wheat were highly tolerant to elevated selenium concentration (ranged from 60 to 180 mM), and showed potential plant-growth-promoting capabilities (auxin and siderophore production, phytate mineralization, and tricalcium phosphate solubilization). In addition, some strains like Acinetobacter sp. (strain E6.2), Bacillus sp. (strain E8.1), Bacillus sp., and Klebsiella sp. (strains E5 and E1) inhibited the growth of Gaeumannomyces graminis mycelia in vitro at 100, 50, and 30 %, respectively. These endophytic microorganisms would be useful for dual purposes: selenium biofortification of wheat plants and control of G. graminis, the principal soil-borne pathogen in volcanic soils from southern Chile. 相似文献
104.
Cecilia M. Onyango Jeremy Harbinson Jasper K. Imungi Solomon S. Shibairo Olaf van Kooten 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(3):342-365
The influence of manure and diammonium phosphate (DAP) mineral fertilizer on germination, leaf nitrogen content, nitrate accumulation and yield of vegetable amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) was investigated. Field trials were set up at the University of Nairobi Field Station at the Upper Kabete Campus during the long rains of March–May in 2007 and 2008. Trials were laid out as complete randomized block design with four fertilization treatments: 20, 40, and 60 kg nitrogen (N) ha?1 supplied by DAP (18:46:0), 40 kg N ha?1 supplied by cattle manure and an unfertilized control variant. The vegetables were harvested at three maturity stages at 6, 7, and 8 weeks after planting. Results indicated that there were significant differences between treatments in germination percentage, leaf nitrogen content, nitrate accumulation and vegetable yield. Plants that received manure had a higher germination percentage than those that received the same amount of N supplied by the chemical fertilizer DAP. The yields generally increased from week 6 to week 8. The highest yield was recorded in plots receiving 40 kg N ha?1 from DAP at eight weeks after planting. Plots that were supplied with manure recorded the lowest yield when compared to the fertilizer treated plots at all rates. Leaf nitrogen content increased with increasing rate of N but only when N was supplied by DAP fertilizer. The leaf nitrogen content decreased with increasing age of the plants. The leaf nitrate content increased with increase in DAP application rate. Results indicate that manure application produced quality vegetables in terms of low nitrate levels, but leaf nitrogen and vegetable yields were low. DAP application effected higher yields, but the vegetables had high though acceptable nitrate levels. 相似文献
105.
Cecilia Andrén Paul Andersson Elisabeth Fröberg 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2001,130(1-4):1715-1720
Stream waters were sampled weekly during spring and monthly during summer and autumn in 1998. The streams are more or less acidified, and some have been treated with lime. The aluminium fractions (total monomeric Al, organic monomeric Al, inorganic monomeric Al) were determined colourimetrically with pyrocatechol violet combined with cation exchange using Continuous Flow Analysis (Autoanalyzer I). The levels of inorganic monomeric aluminium varied substantially, between <3 to 271 µg/l. The levels were higher in untreated than in limed waters and twice as high in the most humic waters as in less humic waters. The importance of aluminium mobilisation from the catchments was obvious, with higher aluminium concentrations in surface runoff (unbalanced stream waters) compared to lake outlets (balanced and precipitated lake water). The highest mean levels were measured at spring, whereas the highest single peaks occurred during summer. Inorganic monomeric and total monomeric aluminium was best correlated to ion ratio and pH whereas acid soluble aluminium and organic monomeric aluminium was best correlated to TOC, water colour and iron. 相似文献
106.
Adriana Montañez Cecilia Abreu Paul R. Gill Gudni Hardarson Margarita Sicardi 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2009,45(3):253-263
The nitrogen-fixing capacity of a range of commercial cultivars of maize (Zea mays L.) was evaluated by the 15N isotope-dilution method. Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) expressed as percent nitrogen derived from air (Ndfa) ranged
from 12 to 33 regardless of nitrogen fertilization. BNF was not affected by mineral nitrogen fertilization except on cultivar
Topacio and PAU-871 cultivars. Subsequently, culturable bacterial diazotrophs were isolated from endophytic tissue of maize:
seed, root, stem, and leaf. All isolates were able to grow on N-free semisolid medium. Eleven bacteria isolates showed nitrogen-fixing
capacity by the reduction of acetylene to ethylene and confirmed by PCR the presence of nifH gene in their genome. Identification of the 11 isolates was performed by bacteriological methods, 16S rRNA gene sequences,
and phylogenetic analysis, which indicated that the bacteria isolated were closely related to Pantoea, Pseudomonas, Rhanella, Herbaspirillum, Azospirillum, Rhizobium (Agrobacterium), and Brevundimonas. This study demonstrated that maize cultivars obtain significant nitrogen from BNF, varying by maize cultivar and nitrogen
fertilization level. The endophytic diazotrophic bacteria isolated from root, stem, and leaf tissues of maize cultivars may
contribute to BNF in these plants. 相似文献
107.
Matito C Agell N Sanchez-Tena S Torres JL Cascante M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(9):4489-4495
UV radiation leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These molecules exert a variety of harmful effects by altering key cellular functions and may result in cell death. Several studies have demonstrated that human skin can be protected against UV radiation by using plant-derived antioxidants. Here we evaluated the in vitro capacity of several antioxidant polyphenolic fractions from grape, which differ in their degree of polymerization and percentage of galloylation, to protect HaCaT human keratinocytes against UV-induced oxidative damage. These fractions inhibited both basal and UVB- or UVA-induced intracellular ROS generation in this cell line. Consequently, the same fractions inhibited p38 and JNK1/2 activation induced by UVB or UVA radiation. The highest protective effect was for fractions rich in procyanidin oligomers and gallate esters. These encouraging in vitro results support further research and should be taken into consideration into the clinical pharmacology of plant-derived polyphenolic extracts as novel agents for skin photoprotection. 相似文献
108.
Zhenjiang Zhou Cecilia Palmborg Lars Ericson Kent Dryler Kim Lindgren Göran Bergkvist 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2019,69(1):36-42
In the 1950s, a long-term experiment was initiated at three locations in Northern Sweden. The treatments included four cropping systems, which differed in the number of years with leys or annual crops in the crop rotation. To create awareness of the experiment as a research resource for further scientific studies, we summarise the history (experimental design, materials and methods, main measurements) and scientific findings of the experiment, as well as reflect on its usefulness and opportunities for further studies. So far, scientific focus has been on the effects of cropping systems on soil characteristics. The main findings indicate that soil porosity and hydraulic conductivity were greater in cropping systems with a large proportion of ley, soil bulk density showed the opposite trend. In terms of chemical properties, cropping systems incorporating more ley also have greater soil organic carbon content than annual crops systems, and both soil carbon and N storage decrease over time in cropping systems with only annual crops. The effects of cropping system on crop yields and quality are areas for further investigation. 相似文献
109.
Jose Alfredo Gutierrez-Reyes ;Estela Flores-Velazquez ;Guillermo Agustin Reyes-Escalona ;Joaquin BraulioDelgadillo-Alvarez ;Marcela Amalia Mercado-Pezzat ;Eli Tonatiuh Selva-Hernandez ;Alejandro Perera-Ortiz ;Jose Alberto Ordufia-Sumaran ;Cecilia Romero-Torres ;Luis Antonio Jimenez-Zamudio ;Ethel AwildaGarcfa-Latorre Citlatepetl Salinas-Lara 《农业科学与技术》2014,(4):277-290
Mexico is considered by different international organizations as a country where the bovine tuberculosis is an endemic problem. However, there are important and consistent improvements in eradicating the disease by the implementation of government policies and with the livestock organization support. The current situation of the program shows good results regarding decreasing the prevalence, and as a consequence, the risk of this disease for public health and animal health, as well as the improvement in animal production and international and national trade. Today, the bovine tuberculosis distribution is almost known in Mexico. In addition, a series of controls and indicators have been established, which allow maintain consistency and reliability in the data that are managed and analyzed. 相似文献
110.