新型磨粉磨浆机的设计与研究

对新型磨粉磨浆机的结构、工作原理作了介绍，对关键参数进行了优化设计，为制造新型磨粉磨浆机提供了理论上的设计依据。     

盐生植物碱蓬修复镉污染盐土的研究

通过温室盆栽试验研究了不同盐(NaCl)浓度(0.1%,0.5%,1.0%)和镉(Cd)浓度(0,1.0,2.5,5.0 mg/kg)处理下碱蓬的生长及其对Na和Cd的富集。结果表明,在含0.5%和1.0% NaCl的土壤中,随着Cd处理浓度的增加,碱蓬的生长显著地受到抑制,生物量均呈减少趋势;随NaCl处理浓度的增加,碱蓬对Cd的积累也随之增加,在0.1% NaCl和2.5 mg/kg Cd的处理土壤中,碱蓬各部位的Cd累计含量达到最大值,叶为30.9 mg/kg,茎为30.1 mg/kg,根为35.3 mg/kg。碱蓬地上部的Cd富集系数为0.9～19.9,地上部吸收的Cd累积量是根部的8.1～73.6倍。NaCl和Cd处理对碱蓬鲜重和根部Cd、Na含量有显著的交互作用,对茎叶部Cd、Na含量的交互作用不显著。在加Cd处理的碱蓬叶和茎部位的Na 含量随NaCl处理浓度的增加而增大,但相同NaCl浓度处理下,Cd处理下的叶茎部Na含量与对照相比差异不显著,且NaCl处理增强了碱蓬对Cd的累积。碱蓬在Cd胁迫下仍保持盐生植物的特性,且对 Cd 具有一定的耐性和较强的累积能力,因此碱蓬存在一定的修复Cd污染盐土的潜力。     

Effects of Selenium Yeast on Growth Performance and Some Blood Biochemical Indexes in Laying Ducks of Rearing Period in Cages under High Ambient Temperature

The study was conducted to determine the effects of different levels of selenium yeast(SeY, added as selenium content) on growth performance and some biochemical indexes in Jinding laying ducks under high temperature (29-35℃). 144 Jinding laying ducks of rearing period (10-16 weeks old) were divided into 4 groups, control group, experimental groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ, supplemented with 0, 0.15, 0.45 and 0.75 mg/kg Se, respectively. The results showed that compared with the control group, the addition of SeY to the diets could significantly increase the average daily feed intakes (ADFI) of ducks at 14-16 weeks old (P<0.05); The body weights of ducks in group Ⅰ at 13-15 weeks old were significant higher than that in the control group (P<0.05),and the body weight at 16 weeks old was higher than the other three groups significantly (P<0.05),there was no significant difference between the body weight and standard body weight at 16 weeks old in group Ⅰ(P>0.05), but the body weights of other three groups were extremely significantly lower than the standard weight (P<0.01); There was no significant difference among the four groups for feed to gain ratios (F/G), while the group Ⅰ was the lowest; AST activities of group Ⅰ were significantly lower than group Ⅱ(P<0.05), LDH activities of groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were lower than the control group significantly (P<0.05), and LDH activities of groupⅠ were lower than groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ significantly (P<0.05). TCH concentrations of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were higher than group Ⅲ significantly (P<0.05). It is concluded that the addition of 0.15 mg/kg of Se (added as SeY) could obviously improve the growth performance of the laying ducks in reared cages, protect the function of liver, promote the TCH concentrations of duck serum.     

谷氨酰胺二肽的代谢及其在断奶仔猪中的应用

谷氨酰胺二肽是谷氨酰胺和其他氨基酸形成的二肽,因其特有的生物学功能,近年来逐渐受到动物营养学家的广泛关注,国内外许多研究者也开展了谷氨酰胺二肽在动物上的研究工作。笔者就谷氨酰胺二肽的代谢及其对早期断奶仔猪生长性能、能量利用、抗氧化机能等的影响进行了综述。     

不同贮藏时间的普洱茶香气成分分析

采用顶空—固相微萃取技术提取不同贮藏时间的普洱茶香气成分, 经气质联用分析鉴定, 结果表明, 贮藏30 年、25 年、6 年和当年生产的茶样中, 萜烯化合物及其衍生物含量分别为51.42%、89.15%、74.10%、39.72%。但陈茶与新茶中的萜烯化合物及其衍生物的种类却有明显的不同, 陈茶中以反-丁香烯为主, 在贮藏30年、25年、6年茶样中的含量分别达36.78%、66.98%、56.08% , 而当年生产的样品以愈创木烯为主, 其含量达33130% , 反- 丁香烯含量仅为1102%。与当年生产的茶样相比, 陈茶香气成分种类和含量都较少, 贮藏30年、25年、6年茶样分别鉴定出23、24、22种香气化合物, 而当年生产的茶样共鉴定出36种化合物。     

两个柱花草品种根系构型差异及其对间作柑橘砧木实生苗磷营养的竞争

 根系构型与植物的养分吸收密切相关,可能影响植物不同个体间的养分竞争。比较了‘格 拉姆’和‘184 号’柱花草（Stylosanthes Sw.）的根系构型差异,并探讨了两者在间作条件下对柑橘砧木 红藜檬（Citrus limonia）实生苗的生长和养分吸收的影响。结果表明,‘格拉姆’和‘184 号’在单作条 件下生物量、总根长、主根长和根尖数相似,但是‘184 号’的基根角度、根系表面积、平均根直径均小 于‘格拉姆’;在与柑橘实生苗间作条件下,‘184 号’有41.4%的根系进入柑橘根区,而‘格拉姆’仅有 0.8%的根系进入柑橘根区,因此与‘184 号’间作的柑橘砧木实生苗的生物量和对磷养分的吸收均显著低 于与‘格拉姆’间作的柑橘砧木实生苗。本研究表明,与根系垂直生长型的‘格拉姆’相比,根系水平 生长型的柱花草‘184 号’不宜用于果园生草栽培,根系构型应该成为草种筛选的重要指标。     

茶树新品种‘佛香3号’

 ‘佛香3号’是利用‘福鼎大白茶’ ( ♀) ב长叶白毫’ ( ♂) 人工授粉杂交, 从F1 中单株选育而成, 为高香、优质、高产、抗逆性强, 适制绿茶的新品种。绿茶外形满披银毫, 香气高长, 滋味鲜醇, 叶底黄绿明亮; 优质干茶产量2 371.2 kg·hm^-2, 适宜在云南大叶茶区推广种植。     

Projections of temperature extremes based on preferred CMIP5 models:a case study in the Kaidu-Kongqi River basin in Northwest China

The extreme temperature has more outstanding impact on ecology and water resources in arid regions than the average temperature. Using the downscaled daily temperature data from 21 Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project(CMIP) models of NASA Earth Exchange Global Daily Downscaled Projections(NEX-GDDP) and the observation data, this paper analyzed the changes in temporal and spatiotemporal variation of temperature extremes, i.e., the maximum temperature(Tmax) and minimum temperature(Tmin), in the Kaidu-Kongqi River basin in Northwest China over the period 2020–2050 based on the evaluation of preferred Multi-Model Ensemble(MME). Results showed that the Partial Least Square ensemble mean participated by Preferred Models(PM-PLS) was better representing the temporal change and spatial distribution of temperature extremes during 1961–2005 and was chosen to project the future change. In 2020–2050, the increasing rate of Tmax(Tmin) under RCP(Representative Concentration Pathway) 8.5 will be 2.0(1.6) times that under RCP4.5, and that of Tmin will be larger than that of Tmax under each corresponding RCP. Tmin will keep contributing more to global warming than Tmax. The spatial distribution characteristics of Tmax and Tmin under the two RCPs will overall the same; but compared to the baseline period(1986–2005), the increments of Tmax and Tmin in plain area will be larger than those in mountainous area. With the emission concentration increased, however, the response of Tmax in mountainous area will be more sensitive than that in plain area, and that of Tmin will be equivalently sensitive in mountainous area and plain area. The impacts induced by Tmin will be universal and farreaching. Results of spatiotemporal variation of temperature extremes indicate that large increases in the magnitude of warming in the basin may occur in the future. The projections can provide the scientific basis for water and land plan management and disaster prevention and mitigation in the inland river basin.     

适宜黄绿木霉T1010生长培养料筛选

木霉广泛存在于土壤、根际及其它基质中,对植物土传病原真菌具有拮抗作用。扩大生防因子黄绿木霉(Trichoderma aureoviride)T1010培养料范围是利用生产地资源扩大生产、大面积应用的前提。本试验通过测定黄绿木霉T1010的菌丝生长和分生孢子生长,黄绿木霉T1010在固体基本培养基上生长,最佳碳源为淀粉;优化了培养条件,确定最适宜种子培养用PD培养基,摇瓶培养,生长时间3d后,菌丝生长量为5.75g/ml;最经济适宜扩大培养基为玉米15g/L,豆粉5g/L,摇瓶培养3d后,菌丝生长量为5.83g/ml;最适宜的、经济的固体发酵培养基为麦麸∶醋渣∶水=2∶1∶3.3,发酵产物孢子量为2.46×1010cfu/g。本文研究确定黄绿木霉T1010腐解培养料的能力为多方面扩大生产黄绿木霉制剂提供了科学依据。     

不同沼液灌溉量对西瓜产量及土壤环境的影响

对规模养殖场沼液灌溉西瓜进行田间试验,结果表明,不同沼液灌溉量处理与常规施用化肥的对照处理相比,对土壤质量基本无影响,用大量沼液浇灌替代化肥使用,对西瓜产量基本无影响,合理施用沼液进行农田灌溉不仅可以减轻规模养殖场污水处理的排放压力,还可以减少化肥施用量,提高西瓜的品质。