Bone marrow-derived stromal cells and cartilage tissue engineering

Articular cartilage repair is one of the most challenging issues which remains to be resolved in clinic work. Discovering of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) and its application in tissue engineering provide new methods for the treatment of cartilage defects. High seeding density, appropriate cytokines and three-dimensional culture play important roles in the process of inducing BMSC differentiating into chondrocytes, suitable scaffold is also essential in reconstructing cartilage in vitro by methods of tissue engineering.     

Effects of PD98059 on the differentiation from mesenchymal stem cells to osteoblasts

AIM: To investigate the effects of PD98059 on the differentiation from mesenchymal stem cells to osteoblasts.METHODS: hMSC were separated from human marrow and expanded in cuture medium. hMSC were induced with dexamethasone, β-glycerophosphate, vitamin C which acted as osteoblast differentiation inducer. PD98059 was added into the osteoblasts induction medium. The cells were assayed with cell morphology, alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity and calcium deposition. RESULTS: The isolated cultured MSC comprised a single phenotypic population and displayed a fibroblast-like morphology. After induced with osteoblasts induction medium, the cells showed changes in cell morphology from spindle-shape to cuboidal and polygonal. The AP activity increased gradually and reached the peak in 12 days, then decreased. Many scattered tangerice calcium nodes were observed. PD 98059 significantly inhibited AP activity and calcium deposition in a dose-dependent manner. A striking observation of the present study was that a few adipocytes appeared in cultures that were treated with PD 98059 and osteogenic differentiation medium. CONCLUSION: These results indicated that osteogenic diferentiation from the hMSCs was related to the activation of the ERK.     

植酸酶在饲料中的研究与应用

植酸酶在饲料中应用，不仅能提高植酸磷的消化率，减少配方中无机磷的添加量和磷排泄污染，还可改善和提高蛋白质、能量、氨基酸和微量元素的利用率。     

猕猴桃果实成熟前补钙对果实含钙量的影响

猕猴桃果实成熟前用喷叶法和喷果法补钙，可显著提高果实中的钙含量。喷叶较喷果效果好。用Ca(NO3)2喷叶，比用CaCl2处理效果好，差异显著。而果实对CaCl2和Ca(NO3)2的吸收选择性差异不显著。经补钙处理的果实采后进行贮藏效果观察发现：用Ca(NO3)2喷叶处理的果实贮藏性较好，用其喷果处理次之；用CaCl2喷果和喷叶处理的果实贮至28天软果率均达到90％。     

利用远缘杂交创造核果类果树新种质的研究

以桃、杏、李、樱桃、杏梅等果树的 1 4个品种为亲本 ,3年来共进行了 80余个组合的远缘杂交试验 ,探讨了核果类果树远缘杂交的亲和性 ,并对远缘杂种幼胚进行了胚抢救。结果表明 ,铃铛花期授粉的坐果率显著高于初花期授粉 ;同一杂交组合 ,正反交坐果率差异显著 ,母本对远缘杂交亲和性影响很大 ,选择自交亲和或自然坐果率高的种或品种做母本容易克服远缘杂交的不亲和性 ;适宜场强的静电场、He -Ne激光处理及60 Coγ射线与He -Ne激光联合处理花粉 ,均能显著提高花粉离体萌芽率 ,用上述处理的花粉进行的远缘杂交坐果率也明显高于对照 ;60 Coγ射线单独处理则降低了花粉离体萌芽率 ,远缘杂交的坐果率也低于对照 ;对远缘杂种幼胚及时地进行胚抢救 ,并诱导形成多丛芽 ,是克服核果类果树远缘杂种不育性的有效方法。研究并筛选出了李、樱桃胚萌发与生长、多丛芽诱导与增殖以及生根培养等最佳培养基配方。目前已将欧洲甜樱桃×中国樱桃、大石早生李×泰安巴旦水杏及凯特杏×总统李等一批核果类果树远缘杂种定植于露地 ,其中欧洲甜樱桃与中国樱桃的种间杂种是国内外首次获得     

Effects of fosinopril,captopril and valsartan on the expressionof tissue factor in human monocytes

AIM: To investigate the effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), fosinopril, captopril and angiotensin II AT₁ antagonists, valsartan on tissue factor (TF) expression on monocytes induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODS: Mononuclear leukocytes from normal delivered female umbilical veins were incubated with bacterial LPS in presence or absence of different ACE inhibitors .At the end of incubation, the cells were disrupted by 3 freeze-thaw cycles. TF procoagulant activity was assessed by a one-stage clotting assay. RT-PCR was used to check TF mRNA expression, and GAPDH mRNA was used for parallel assay. RESULTS and CONCLUSION: The results showed that increased expression of TF mRNA induced by LPS was inhibited by fosinopril, captopril and valsartan, respectively, and the procoagualant activity of monocytes was also reduced.     

Recent advances in molecular mechanisms of oncosis

Oncosis is another form of cell death, which is different from apoptosis. The review will discuss the recent advances of oncosis on pathological morphology, nuclear biochemical changes and molecular mechanisms.     

江苏省种草养畜工作现状、问题和对策

江苏省作为农区因地制宜探索开展种草养畜已成为畜牧业发展的亮点.近几年来,牧草种植面积不断增加,牧草新品种、新技术广泛应用,种草养畜促进草食畜禽生产稳中有升,并成为农民养殖增收的主要途径之一,草业向区域化、规模化、产业化方向发展初显端倪.主要做法:加强种草养畜技术宣传和培训工作,培植、扶持种草养畜龙头企业,积极推动基地建设,认真开展种草养畜科研工作.存在问题:全省种草养畜发展不平衡,牧草品种存在退化现象,草业产业化经营程度偏低,牧草加工龙头企业较少,受扩大粮食种植面积政策的影响,牧草种植面积有所减少.对策:加大农区草业发展的宣传和扶持力度,加强草业科技研究和示范推广工作,大力推进草业产业化进程.     

贵阳地区竹子飞虱的发生及危害

对贵阳地区危害竹子的飞虱种类、发生及危害情况进行了15个月的野外调查和室内饲养观察。结果表明:贵阳地区竹子飞虱主要有花翅梯顶飞虱(Arcofacies maculatipennis Ding)、基褐异脉飞虱(Specinervures basifusca ChenetLi)、叉突竹飞虱(Bambusiphaga furcaHuangetDing)、桔色竹飞虱(Bambusiphaga citricolorata Huanget Tian)和短头飞虱(Epeurysa nawaii Matsumura)5种,其中以花翅梯顶飞虱的危害期最长、数量最大、危害最重,基褐异脉飞虱、叉突竹飞虱的危害次之。5种飞虱均以卵越冬,周年发生。慈竹是受害最重的竹种之一。对5种飞虱在竹丛的取食部位进行了观察,并对竹子飞虱的危害习性进行了简要的讨论。     

贵州茶树雪凝冻害发生情况与补救预防措施

分析了2008年贵州雪凝气候特点和茶树雪凝冻害受灾成因及受灾情况,针对不同类型的茶园和苗圃提出了相应的补救和预防措施。