2种中国黑块菌的介绍及可持续发展研究

黑块菌是一类珍稀的外生菌根食用菌。着重描述印度块菌和夏块菌的形态特征和鉴别特征,并介绍它们的生境及分布区域。同时,对块菌的可持续发展提出建议。     

猕猴桃晚花雄性新品种‘磨山雄3号’

 ‘磨山雄3号’是从野生美味猕猴桃资源中选育而成的晚花雄性新品种。树势强旺,萌芽率57%,成花容易,花枝率95%。花白色,花量大,花冠直径41 mm,花瓣8 ~ 10片,花丝168枚,花药纵径、横径分别为1.9和1.0 mm,花粉萌发率为73% ~ 82%。在武汉地区4月底至5月初开花,花期12 ~ 13 d,能与目前主栽品种‘金魁’、‘海沃德’、‘米良1号’等20余个晚花雌性品种的花期相遇。     

紫花苜蓿叶片对硒胁迫的生理响应研究

以紫花苜蓿"大叶苜蓿""维多利亚""阿尔冈金"为试材,采用土培法,研究了硒胁迫对3种紫花苜蓿叶片酶促防御系统的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性及丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性蛋白质含量的影响。结果表明:在100μmol·L-1Se时,硒胁迫显著提高了3种紫花苜蓿叶片SOD、APX、POD、CAT活性和可溶性蛋白质含量。Se为900μmol·L-1时,SOD、APX活性和可溶性蛋白质、MDA含量显著增加,而CAT、POD活性显著降低。不同品种间抗氧化酶活性相比,"大叶苜蓿"抗氧化酶SOD、APX、POD、CAT活性显著高于其它2个苜蓿品种,且差异显著。综合评价表明,"大叶苜蓿"的抗氧化能力最强,其次为"阿尔冈金","维多利亚"苜蓿的抗氧化能力最差。     

新疆野生樱桃李SSR体系的建立及应用

为建立适宜新疆野生樱桃李的SSR分子标记技术体系,通过对PCR反应程序、反应体系(DNA模板量、引物浓度、Mg2+浓度、dNTP浓度、Taq酶用量)以及退火温度进行了探索,建立了适宜野生樱桃李的SSR-PCR反应体系。结果表明:在25μL反应体系中,Mg2+1.0 mmol/L、引物0.5μmol/L、dNTPs 0.20 mmol/L、TaqDNA聚合酶1.0 U、模板DNA 30 ng、退火温度为60℃。SSR扩增程序:94℃预变性5 min,35个循环(94℃30 s,60℃1 min,72℃1 min),72℃延伸10 min,可筛选出稳定性好、多态性高的SSR引物。     

SA+CaCl2对菊花花瓣生理和花期的影响

以不同浓度的水杨酸(SA+CaCl2)水溶液对菊花"兼六香菊"品种全株喷雾处理,测定整个花期花瓣中可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、超氧阴离子(O2-)产生速率、丙二醛(MDA)含量以及相对电导率的变化.结果表明:不同浓度的SA+CaCl2均能提高花瓣中可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量、SOD活力和降低了O2-产生速率、MDA含量和相对电导率,花期有不同程度的延长,其中以SA 15 mg/L+CaC12160 mg/L处理效果较佳.     

白檀未成熟胚的器官发生和植株再生

以白檀未成熟胚为试材,以改良MS为培养基,研究了白檀未成熟胚的器官发生和植株再生.结果表明:改良MS(mMS)能够很好的诱导愈伤组织,在添加了0.2 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L NAA的培养基中,诱导率高达92.5％;胚性愈伤组织分化最佳培养基为mMS+0.25 mg/L 6-BA+0.15 mg/L NAA,分化率为72.4％;分化出的胚性愈伤组织在空白mMS培养基上继代培养15 d,76.6％的组织分化出芽,再转入1/2mMS+ 1.5％蔗糖培养基上培养20 d,芽长至1.5 cm.     

三种灌木的蒸腾耗水特性研究

利用Lcro+便携式光合仪,对青岛市3种主要灌木树种连翘、金银木、锦带花的蒸腾耗水规律进行了测定和研究。结果表明:在水分充足条件下连翘呈典型的双峰曲线,金银木和锦带花呈单峰曲线;金银木在1 d的各时间段耗水速率明显高于连翘和锦带花的耗水速率;3种灌木晴天的耗水速率明显大于阴天的耗水速率;此外,在春季,连翘对土壤含水量比金银木、锦带花敏感。试验的结果能够为植物的合理选择、水分的量化管理提供科学依据。     

Relationship between Th1/Th2 balance and CD28/CTLA-4 expression on peripheral blood T cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

AIM: To investigate the pattern of Th1/Th2 balance in systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) patients and the relationship between CD28/CTLA-4(cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4) molecule expression and Th1/Th2 balance.METHODS: Eighteen SLE patients met the ARA 1997 updated SLE criteria were selected in the study. According to Bombardier's SLEDAI criteria, all patients were classified into two groups: active group(12 cases) and static group(6 cases). Fourteen normal individuals, matched for age and sex of the patients, served as controls. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) were isolated by density gradient centrifugation and cultured in RPMI-1640 culture medium. After treated with PMA(5 μg/L) and ionomycin(500 μg/L) for 72 h, the PBMCs were collected, the contents of IFN-γ and IL-10 in the supernatant of cultured PBMCs were detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The expression of CD28 and CTLA-4 molecules on T cells were detected by flow cytometric technique with double staining by FITC or PE labeled monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: The level of IL-10 was higher in the PBMCs of active and static SLE patients(351.29 ng/L±153.31 ng/L and 319.37 ng/L±153.39 ng/L) than that in controls(254.48 ng/L±120.69 ng/L), but the difference did not reach statistical significance(P>0.05). The level of IFN-γ was significantly lower in the PBMCs of active SLE patients(25.76 ng/L±16.09 ng/L) than that in controls(50.71 ng/L±27.92 ng/L, P＜0.05). The ratio of IL-10/IFN-γ was significantly higher in active SLE patients(18.74±13.77) than that in controls(6.66±4.95, P<0.05). Either before or after culture, the expression of CD28 molecule on CD3⁺and CD8⁺ T cells from all SLE patients was not remarkably different from that in the cells of controls. Before culture, the expression of CTLA-4 molecule on CD3⁺T cells of active SLE patients(0.79%+0.37%) was significantly lower than that in the cells of controls(1.31%+0.61%, P<0.05). After culture, the expression of CTLA-4 molecule on CD3⁺ T cells of SLE patients was still lower than that in the cells of normal controls without statistical significance(P＞0.05).The expression level of CD28 molecule on CD3⁺ or CD8⁺ T cells in active SLE patients and controls was not correlated with the levels of IFN-γ and IL-10 in the supernatants(P＞0.05). The level of CTLA-4 molecule expression on CD3⁺ T cells of active SLE patients was positively correlated with IFN-γ level(r=0.681, P<0.05), while was negatively correlated with IL-10 levels(r=-0.624,P＜0.05) and the ratio of IL-10/IFN-γ(r=-0.738, P<0.01). The level of CTLA-4 molecule expression on CD3⁺ or CD8⁺ T cells of controls showed no correlation with IFN-γ levels, while showed negative correlations with IL-10 level(r=-0.587, P<0.05; r=-0.563, P<0.05, respectively).CONCLUSION: There is a bias in the differentiation of Th0 cells towards Th2 in SLE patients. CTLA-4 probably plays an important role in this mechanism through suppressing the signal transmitted by CD28.     

卷丹LlAGO1基因的克隆及表达分析

以卷丹（Lilium lancifolium）叶腋组织为研究材料,利用RT-PCR和RACE技术克隆得到AGO1基因的cDNA全长,命名为LlAGO1。其全长4 014 bp,开放阅读框长3 687 bp,编码1 228个氨基酸残基,其编码蛋白分子量为135.36 kD,理论等电点（pI）为9.57。氨基酸序列分析表明LlAGO1含有PAZ和Piwi两个AGO1典型的结构域;信号肽预测结果表明LlAGO1蛋白不存在信号肽,为非分泌蛋白;亚细胞定位预测其主要定位于细胞核;与相关同源蛋白高度相似,且与芦笋AGO1a蛋白（XP_020260210.1）亲缘关系最近。qRT-PCR分析结果表明：LlAGO1在卷丹叶腋、鳞片、根、叶等不同组织均有表达,其中在叶腋中的表达量最高,叶片和根中的表达较弱;腋生珠芽形成过程中,LlAGO1仅在可形成珠芽的上部叶腋表达,且在珠芽形成时表达量最高,而在不形成珠芽的下部叶腋几乎不表达,推测LlAGO1可能与卷丹珠芽的形成相关。     

优质甜橙新品种‘津香橙’

 ‘津香橙’是由‘梨橙’（母本）与‘强德勒红心柚’（父本）杂交培育出的优质无核甜橙新品种。果实近圆球形,单果质量150 ~ 160 g,种子数0.6粒以下;果面光滑,深橙色,油胞细密;果肉细嫩化渣,酸甜适中,风味浓郁,可溶性固形物含量13.1%,总酸9.6 mg · mL^-1,总糖102.6 mg · mL^-1,维生素C含量468 mg · L^-1,可食率70.7%,出汁率57.3%。树势强健,丰产性好,在10年‘梨橙’中间砧上高接换头第3年株产达到40.58 kg。成熟期在11月下旬。适宜重庆及相似生态区年均温17.5 ℃以上区域种植。