基于载La半焦基催化的松木热解试验

采用浸渍法,以松木热解半焦为载体,制备了载La半焦基催化剂,利用自行设计的两段式生物质催化热解固定床反应系统进行松木燃料棒催化热解试验,研究不同重整温度下载La半焦基催化剂对生物质热解气、焦油、焦炭三相产物的影响规律.通过气体组分的变化、焦油FTIR谱图的变化以及催化剂SEM、XRD表征特性测试,探讨载La半焦基催化剂...     

初始含水率对斥水黏壤土入渗特性的影响

为了探究初始含水率对斥水土壤入渗过程的影响规律,通过室内二维土箱的滴灌模拟试验,设置6个初始含水率水平(4.78%,7.28%,9.97%,13.64%,16.07%,19.02%),研究了初始含水率对湿润锋运移距离、宽深比、累积入渗量、入渗速率和土壤水分分布的影响,并评价了不同入渗模型的适用性.结果表明:随着初始含水率的提高,湿润锋运移相同深度所需时间呈逐渐减小趋势,两者较好满足幂函数关系,湿润锋宽深比逐渐减小;累积入渗量变化趋势为先减小后增大;入渗速率整体趋势为逐渐减小,其中斥水程度峰值含水率附近的处理出现入渗速率短暂提高的现象;Kostiakov模型能够较好反映斥水黏壤土的入渗规律,且斥水程度越大,模型拟合精度越低;随着斥水程度增加,土壤水分逐渐向湿润体垂向中间区域集中,并出现过度饱和现象.该研究可为斥水土壤的入渗理论奠定一定的基础.     

基于不同有效积温的玉米干物质累积量模拟

为获得研究区适宜的玉米干物质累积量(DM)估算模型,通过2017—2019年在吉林省长春地区开展的3年农田试验,观测玉米生育期内作物根区20 cm地温、40 cm地温、农田气温、作物冠层温度以及玉米地上部干物质累积量等数据,建立基于不同有效积温的Logistic模型及其归一化模型,并用实测数据进行模型验证。结果表明,基于有效积温建立的Logistic模型可以模拟单株玉米干物质累积量生长,但不同地点、不同年份所建立的模型参数差异较大; Logistic归一化模型能够很好地模拟区域玉米干物质增长,在利用实测数据进行模型验证中,基于作物根区20 cm地温、40 cm地温、农田气温和作物冠层温度4种类型有效积温的Logistic归一化模型,其均方根误差、相对误差、决定系数和模型一致性系数都能达到较优值;以2019年数据建立的Logistic归一化模型对玉米干物质累积量模拟效果最优;基于有效冠层积温的Logistic归一化模型模拟效果较优。本研究结果可为灌区精量灌溉决策和管理提供技术支撑。     

霍山石斛类原球茎诱导及其发育过程研究

 以霍山石斛试管苗带节茎段为材料, 诱导产生类原球茎, 并研究类原球茎发育过程。结果表 明, 霍山石斛类原球茎诱导的适宜培养基为Knudson + 2, 4-D 0.1 mg·L ^{- 1} + KT 0.05 mg·L ^{- 1} , 诱导率为25.50%。以固体静置、固液双层静置、液体静置、液体振荡4种不同培养方式进行增殖培养, 其中液体振荡培养方式更适于类原球茎快速增殖。类原球茎通过胚状体发生途径形成, 类似于合子胚的发育, 即经历原胚、心形胚、鱼雷形胚和子叶胚, 最后发育为成熟胚。类原球茎发育进程大致可分为类原球茎形成期、类原球茎肥大期、茎叶分化期、茎叶形成期以及茎叶伸长期等阶段。     

菠萝锌指蛋白基因AcRCHY1的克隆与表达分析

 根据植物C3HC4型兼CHY型锌指蛋白的功能保守区设计简并引物, 通过RT2PCR结合RACE 方法从菠萝(Ananas comosus L. Merr) 幼苗中克隆获得了一个新的菠萝锌指蛋白基因cDNA全长, 将其命名为AcRCHY1。该基因cDNA全长1 261 bp, 开放阅读框ORF为918 bp, 推测其编码一个含有306个氨基酸残基的多肽。AcRCHY1蛋白具有保守的C3HC4 (RING finger) 和CHY两个锌指结构域, 与其它植物锌指蛋白的同源性高达81%～91%。半定量RT-PCR分析表明, AcRCHY1 在菠萝中呈组成性表达, 在子房、花瓣和小花中的表达量明显高于根和叶; 低温、高盐、干旱和ABA等非生物胁迫处理后, AcRCHY1在叶片中的表达明显增强。因此, AcRCHY1蛋白可能与花器官生长发育的调控有关, 而且可能作为一个转录调控因子在菠萝响应低温、高盐和渗透胁迫过程中参与了依赖ABA的信号转导途径。     

Effects of salvianolic acid B on neurons during oxygen/glucose deprivation and reintroduction

AIM: To observe the damage induced in the primary cultured rat cortical neurons by oxygen/glucose deprivation and reintroduction, and to investigate the neuroprotective mechanism of salvianolic acid B (SalB). METHODS: Primary cultured rat cortical neurons were randomly divided into the control group, the model group and the SalB group. The cell model was established by oxygen/glucose deprivation for 3 h followed oxygen/glucose reintroduction for 24 h. The cortical neurons viability was determined by MTT assay. The leakage rate of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was measured by chromatometry. The mitochondrial membrane potentials (MMP) and the apoptosis rate were quantitatively analyzed by flow cytometry. The cytosolic free calcium was assessed using LSCM. The morphologic changes of neuronal nuclei were observed by Hoechst 33342 fluorescence staining. RESULTS: Compared to the model group, the cortical neurons viability, the survival rate and the fluorescence value of MMP in the SalB group were obviously increased (P<0.05,P<0.01). In addition, in the SalB group, the leakage rate of LDH, the fluorescence intensity of cytosolic free calcium and the apoptosis rate were significantly lower than those in the model group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The neuroprotective mechanism of SalB in the oxygen/glucose deprivation and reintroduction neurons would be due to the fact that SalB maintains the MMP and the calcium homeostasis.     

13-MTD induces apoptosis of MCF-7 breast cancer cells by activating MAPK pathway and inhibiting Akt signaling

［ABSTRACT］AIM: To study the effect of 13-methyltetradecanoic acid (13-MTD), a saturated branched-chain fatty acid, on apoptotic induction in breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS: Breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 and normal breast epithelial cells MaEC were treated with solvent or 13-MTD at concentration of 140 mg/L. Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Phosphorylation of JNK, p38, FADD and Akt after treated with 13-MTD were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: 13-MTD effectively induced apoptosis of breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 and no influence to normal breast epithelial cells MaEC, which were confirmed by flow cytometry analysis, was observed. The results of Western blotting showed that obvious increase in p38 and JNK phosphorylation. No significant difference of FADD phosphorylation was observed. However, evidently decrease in Akt phosphorylation was found after treated with 13-MTD. CONCLUSION: 13-MTD was a new safe, effective chemotherapeutic drug. Its underlying mechanisms are through activating MAPK pathway and inhibiting Akt pathway to induce the cancer cells apoptosis.     

不同贮前热处理对青种枇杷果实贮藏效应的研究

通过采用不同的贮前热处理温度和时间组合,研究白沙枇杷青种在低温条件下的贮藏的内外品质的变化.结果表明:3种贮前热处理中,B处理(45℃热水处理10 min+低温(6±1℃))的效果最好,不仅青种枇杷果实的失重率和腐烂率低;而且贮藏到30 d时,枇杷果实的固酸比最高,较好保持了果实的风味.     

不同覆盖方式土壤生态效应与成龄葡萄增产效应研究

通过小区试验研究了不同覆盖保墒灌溉措施对土壤水分动态变化、土壤温度、葡萄生长状况、生理生态指标以及产量等的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,覆盖措施明显减少了土壤水分蒸发,提高了蓄水保墒作用;覆盖措施可明显提高土壤表层温度,但随深度的增大,影响程度逐渐减小;保墒处理的果树生长势强、枝条增长量大、果粒大、产量高。草帘子覆盖措施与塑料薄膜覆盖措施效果相当。     

不同纸袋处理对寒富苹果果实品质发育的影响

以寒富苹果为试材,进行了3种纸袋的套袋处理,以不套袋果实为对照,研究不同纸袋处理对寒富苹果果实内在品质发育的影响.结果表明:套袋处理使果实的淀粉﹑糖﹑酸和Vc的含量降低,但处理间存在一定差异.果实采收时,对照果实的可溶性固形物﹑硬度和单果重均高于套袋处理,其中,"清田"袋果实可溶性固形物含量高于"小林"袋和"彤乐"袋."小林"袋与对照果形指数无显著差异,而与"彤乐"袋差异极显著,且"彤乐"袋和"清田"袋降低了果实的果形指数.