日本落叶松和长白落叶松无性系嫁接林分经济效益预测

1987年4月—7月,在同等立地条件下,对日本落叶松和长白落叶松无性系嫁接林分及未经嫁接的一般长白落叶松和日本落叶松林分生长情况进行对比调查,通过对这三种林分达到工艺成熟时(做坑木)的投入与产出进行预测分析。结果表明:嫁接林分达到工艺成熟时(做坑木),同未经嫁接的长白落叶松、日本落叶松相比。不仅可以提高单位面积木材产量和土地利用率,缩短轮伐期,还能解决日本落叶松种源不足问题,具有较大的经济效益。     

猕猴桃良种选育及栽培技术的研究——Ⅵ.美味猕猴桃雌花芽分化与结果母枝营养代谢的关系

观察了美味猕猴桃[Actinidia delicosa(A.Chev.)C.F.Liang et A.R.Fenguson]“东山峰78—16”雌花芽形态分化的各个时期,同时测试了花芽分化期间结果母枝的营养生理代谢.结果表明;美味猕猴桃雌花芽形态分化始于2月下旬,终于5月中旬,结果母枝中的氨基酸总量、蛋白质、可溶性糖和氮、磷,钾等矿质元素以及C/N 比,在花芽形态分化前均不断升高,而进入分化盛期时,则均迅速下降,但结果母枝中的含水量变化不大.在花芽分化过程中,计有17种氨基酸参与代谢.其中含量最高的是谷氨酸,占总量的13.2%,最低的是蛋氨酸,只占0.6%,表明各种氨基酸含量的差异,可能与花芽分化时合成特殊的蛋白质有关.     

尾叶桉 湿地松1～6年生施肥效应研究

尾叶桉、湿地松１～６年生幼林施肥结果表明：１．尾叶桉在缺Ｐ的立地上,施Ｐ肥的效应极其显著。施Ｐ各处理在１～６年生时均显著或极显著地大于对照,其中以施ＮＰＫ全肥最好,６年生的树高、胸径和材积与对照比较,分别增长３５％,６９％,２４３％。而施ＮＫ肥的生长与对照差别不大。湿地松１～２年生的幼林施肥效果不大显著,３～６年生时才达显著差异,其中以施ＮＰＫ全肥的效果最好,６年生的树高、胸径和材积与对照比较仍分别增长１３％,１８％,５２％。２．尾叶桉、湿地松施Ｐ肥的各水平均达显著或极显著差异,施Ｎ、Ｋ肥的只在个别年度有差异。３．偏相关和复相关分析结果表明,尾叶桉施肥肥效主次顺序是Ｐ、Ｎ、Ｋ,湿地松是Ｐ、Ｋ、Ｎ。两树种均在５,６年生时,Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ的肥效最高。４．最优施肥配方：尾叶桉１～３年生以施Ｎ３Ｐ３为好,５～６年生以施Ｎ３Ｐ３Ｋ２为佳。湿地松１～２年生不用施肥,或薄施Ｎ肥;３～６年生以施Ｎ１Ｐ３Ｋ１较好。     

正确处理天然林资源保护工程实施中的若干关系

本文在总结大兴安岭林区实施天然林资源保护工程取得成绩的基础上,提出了在实施天然林资源保护工程中,应处理好保护与利用、木材减产与减人增效、天保工程与分类经营、天保工程与林场调整、企业转产与社会稳定、国家扶持与自力更生、资源保护与经济发展和社会进步7个方面的关系问题.     

Leaching characteristics of homologues of benzalkonium chloride from wood treated with ammoniacal copper quaternary wood preservative

In Japan, ammoniacal copper quaternary wood preservatives type-1 (ACQ-1), which contains copper and benzalkonium chloride as its active ingredients, is among the most widely used wood preservatives in the pressure treatment of wood. Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) in commercial ACQ-1 products mainly comprises C12 and C14 homologues. In the present study, the leaching characteristics of these BAC homologues were investigated using the heartwood and sapwood portions of Japanese cedar, Japanese larch, and Sakhalin fir treated with ACQ-1 and 1% monoethanolamine (MEA) solution containing equimolar amounts of homologues. Distilled water (DW) and artificial seawater (SW) were used as leaching media. Consequently, it was observed that the leaching rate of the C12 homologue tended to be higher than that of the C14 homologue in DW. The leaching of C12 homologues was accelerated by using SW, resulting in a significantly higher leaching rate than the C14 homologue using SW. It was thought that the difference in the hydrophobicities based on alkyl chain lengths resulted in these phenomena. However, when the heartwood portion of Japanese larch was treated with the homologues in MEA, the leaching rate of the C14 homologue was significantly higher than that of the C12 homologue.     

人类宜居的汝城中部盆地气候舒适度研究

通过空气温度和相对湿度的组合确定人对周围环境感觉舒适的程度,采用舒适度列线图确定汝城县近三年逐日气候舒适程度。根据舒适程度分类标准,计算各等级的天数和各年的气候舒适期及其逐月分布状况,取三年平均值。采用Biiltner确认的日舒适有效温度等级,用日舒适有效温度计算式,计算每日逐时舒适有效温度及其持续时间。结果表明汝城县中部盆地,年气候舒适期长达196d,是目前湖南气候舒适期最长的县域。盛夏7月,昼夜24h内,夜间舒适有效温度持续长达9~16h,无极不舒适时间。适宜开展休闲度假、生态养生旅游,是人类居住的理想地域。       

新防腐剂TWP橡胶木防腐试验

TWP防腐剂对木腐菌的毒性剂量为2.2—3.2kg/m~3,毒杀双钩异翅长蠹初龄幼虫的剂量为1.0kg/m~3,抑制蓝变菌和霉菌的毒性浓度分别为1％及1.5—2.0％,对雄性小鼠口服半致死剂量(LD_(50))为1301mg/kg,使用时对人、畜和环境比较安全,并保持木材原有色泽。生产性应用试验结果表明,橡胶木生材用2.0—2.5％TWP,满细胞法或振荡加压法处理,净药保持量4±0.7kg/m~3,防腐效果相当干硼酚合剂12kg/m~3,并优于进口防腐剂。     

基于GIS的森林资源遥感调查方法研究

在试验研究的基础上 ,提出了在GIS支持下的遥感数据预处理 样地调查 前期调查信息叠合 -图象判读 -调查因子估测的技术路线 ,充分利用前期调查图面信息、小班属性数据信息进行遥感图象判读和小班调查因子估测的技术方法 ,有效地提高了判读的正判率和调查因子的估计精度 ,并产出了 1∶1万小班基本图 ,提高了调查成果的实用性     

Water absorption of boron-treated and heat-modified wood

Heat treatments change the chemical and physical properties of wood and dimensional stability and hygroscopicity are affected as a result of modifications of wood cell components. This study evaluated the water absorption of wood specimens treated with boron compounds followed by heat treatment. Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) sapwood specimens treated with either boric acid (BA) or disodium octoborate tetrahydrate (DOT) solutions were heat-modified at either 180° or 220°C for 2 or 4 h. Carbohydrate composition and water absorption of the specimens were then measured and compared with those of untreated and unheated specimens. Wood carbohydrates were significantly degraded in the specimens after heat treatment. The heat treatment evidently decreased the water absorption and the heat-modified specimens absorbed less water than unheated specimens. The higher the treatment temperature and the longer the treatment time, the lower the amount of absorbed water. The boron-treated and heat-modified specimens, however, showed increased water absorption due to the hygroscopic properties of BA and DOT.     

日本绿道建设概况及启示

归纳总结日本绿道的建设背景及建设概况,主要分析其基于保护林制度的生态型绿道建设现状,并以日本北九州市若松区响滩地区生态型绿道建设为实例对其实践加以概括;在此基础上,总结日本绿道建设对我国的启示,以期为我国的绿道建设提供参考。