猪附红细胞体病的诊断和防治

近年我县发生了一种类似猪瘟症状的疾病 ,表现为高热、嗜睡、全身发红等 ,导致猪群 (特别是仔猪 )大批死亡。经采用注射青霉素、链霉素、磺胺类药、退烧解毒药等治疗 ,效果不理想。特别是在使用磺胺类药物后 ,会加重病情。该病在我县呈蔓延趋势 ,给广大养殖户造成了很大的经济损失。后与省畜牧研究所联合研究 ,根据临床症状、病理剖检、实验室检查等 ,确诊为猪附红细胞体病。经对症下药 ,很快控制了该病的流行和蔓延 ,确保养殖业的健康稳定发展。1流行病学特点本病一年四季均可发生 ,但以夏秋多发。蚊等吸血节肢昆虫可传播该病 ,各种年龄、…     

敌百虫的液相色谱分析方法

本文采用即以乙腈+水(50+50)为流动相,用CN柱和紫外检测器分离测定敌百虫原药及40%敌·毒乳油中敌百虫反相高效液相色谱法。结果表明,本方法的标准偏差为0.3233,变异系数为0.3551%,平均回收率为99.65%,线性相关系数为0.9997。     

除草剂最低致死剂量(MLHD)使用新技术概述

本文论述了荷兰MLHD技术的基本内容、技术原理、应用程序等．并针对荷兰的农业特点、开发背景，对该技术在荷兰与中国的应用前景及可行性等进行了比较分析．作者认为合理地利用该技术将有利于我国农业的可持续发展。     

Can treatment of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Brachiaria decumbens</Emphasis> (signal grass) improve its utilisation in the diet in small ruminants?—a review

Brachiaria decumbens is an extremely productive tropical grass due to its aggressive growth habit and its adaptation to a varied range of soil types and environments. As a result of the vast availability, treated B. decumbens demonstrates as a promising local material that could be utilised as an improved diet for sheep and goats. Despite the fact that the grass significantly increases weight gains in grazing farm animals, there were many reports of general ill-thrift and sporadic outbreaks of photosensitivity in livestock due to the toxic compound of steroidal saponin found in B. decumbens. Ensiling and haymaking were found to be effective in removing toxin and undesirable compounds in the grass. Biological treatments using urea, activated charcoal, polyethylene glycol, and effective microorganisms were found to be useful in anti-nutritional factor deactivation and improving the nutritive values of feedstuffs. Besides, oral administration of phenobarbitone showed some degree of protection in sheep that fed on B. decumbens pasture. In this review, we aim to determine the effect of B. decumbens toxicity and possible treatment methods on the grass to be used as an improved diet for small ruminant.     

Genomic characterization of the first oral avian papillomavirus in a colony of breeding canaries (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Serinus canaria</Emphasis>)

Papillomaviruses are non-enveloped, DNA viruses that infect skin and mucosa of a wide variety of vertebrates, causing neoplasias or simply persisting asymptomatically. Avian papillomaviruses, with six fully sequenced genomes, are the second most studied group after mammalian papillomaviruses. In this study, we describe the first oral avian papillomavirus, detected in the tongue of a dead Yorkshire canary (Serinus canaria) and in oral swabs of the same bird and other two live canaries from an aviary in Madrid, Spain. Its genome is 8,071 bp and presents the canonical papillomavirus architecture with six early (E6, E7, E1, E9, E2, E4) and two late open reading frames (L1 and L2) and a long control region between L1 and E6. This new avian papillomavirus L1 gene shares a 64% pairwise identity with FcPV1 L1, so it has been classified as a new species (ScPV1) within the Ethapapillomavirus genus. Although the canary died after showing breathing problems, there is no evidence that the papillomavirus caused those symptoms so it could be part of the oral microbiota of the birds. Hence, future investigations are needed to evaluate the clinical relevance of the virus.     

羊种布鲁氏菌疫苗株PCR-RFLP鉴定方法的建立

为建立一种羊种布鲁氏菌Rev.1疫苗株PCR-RFLP鉴定方法,利用羊种布鲁氏菌Rev.1具有链霉素抗性的特性,选取与链霉素抗性相关编码核糖体蛋白S12的rps L基因为模板设计引物,经PCR扩增后,将产物进行Nci I酶切,发现羊种布鲁氏菌疫苗株Rev.1出现约500 bp条带,而不具有链霉素抗性的羊种布鲁氏菌株16M则出现384 bp条带。结果表明,PCR-RFLP方法能够用于羊种布鲁氏菌Rev.1疫苗株的鉴定,这为今后区分羊种布鲁氏菌疫苗株Rev.1免疫与野株感染提供了基础。     

两种兼用型牛BoLA-DRA*exon2多态性及其与乳房炎的关联分析

利用PCR-SSCP技术,分析了牛主要组织相容性复合物DRA基因外显子2的多态性在236头中国西门塔尔牛、三河牛中的基因型分布及其多态性与乳房炎的关系。结果表明:经χ2独立性检验,发现该多态片段6种基因型在感染乳房炎牛和健康牛之间分布不一致(p<0.01)。在感染乳房炎牛中CC基因型频率最高,在健康牛中BC基因型频率最高。据此推测,CC基因型可能与这两种牛的乳房炎易感性有关,而BC基因型可能与这两种牛的乳房炎抗性有关。     

甲萘威原药高效液相色谱分析方法

采用带紫外检测器和ODS-C18色谱柱的高效液相色谱仪,在流动相甲醇 水=80 20(V/V)、检测波长278nm、流速1.0mL/min的条件下,对甲萘威含量进行定量分析。结果表明,甲萘威的标准偏差为0.39;变异系数为0.41%;平均回收率为99.64%;线性相关系数为0.9998。     

气候变暖对西藏青稞农田氨挥发和产量的影响

【目的】研究气候变暖对西藏青稞农田氨挥发特性和青稞产量的影响,为探索减少青稞生产中的氨挥发、提高氮肥利用率提供依据。【方法】在西藏青稞主产区之一的拉萨河谷农区,采用开顶式气室(open-top chamber, OTC)增温系统模拟气候变暖进行大田试验。试验共设置不增温(对照,T0)、增温2℃(T2)和增温4℃(T4)3个处理。将290.25 kg/hm²尿素(纯N 133.5 kg/hm²)分别于播种前(4月12日)基施60%、拔节期(6月6日)和抽穗期(6月20日)各追施20%。测定不同处理青稞农田的土壤氨挥发通量以及青稞生长指标、产量及其构成要素,计算基肥和追肥的氨挥发积累量和氨挥发损失率,分析增温与土壤氨挥发特性以及青稞株高、产量及其构成要素的相关性。【结果】氮肥基施后,T0、T2和T4 3个处理的青稞农田土壤氨挥发通量至播种后第14天达到峰值,且土壤氨挥发通量峰值由大到小表现为T4>T0>T2;T2和T4处理基肥氨挥发周期均为26 d,较T0处理延长了3 d。于抽穗期追施氮肥后,T0、T2和T4 3个处理的土壤氨挥发通量...     

烟草丛顶病毒RNA依赖RNA聚合酶(RdRp)介导的体外复制体系

通过重叠PCR扩增得到烟草丛顶病毒(Tobacco bushy top virus,TBTV)中国分离物RdRp的编码序列,构建以pMALC2X为基础载体的原核表达载体pMAL-TB-RdRp。0.5 mM IPTG诱导可特异性表达分子量约为120 kDa的MBP-RdRp融合蛋白。温度梯度实验显示,18℃下诱导表达的MBP-RdRp融合蛋白的可溶性比例较高,约17%;经亲和层析纯化的MBPRdRp可特异性识别TBTV正链和负链的3'末端序列,催化体外复制;对正负链的3'末端的体外复制效率存在差别,识别负链3'末端的体外复制效率明显高于正链3'末端。本研究创建的TBTV RdRp介导的体外复制体系为进一步研究TBTV基因组复制调控奠定了基础。