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21.
Partha Talukdar Sue E. Hartley Anthony J. Travis Adam H. Price Gareth J. Norton 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2019,182(2):265-276
Silicon in rice (Oryza sativa L.) has been demonstrated to be involved in resistance to lodging, drought, and salinity, and also enhances resistance to pests and diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the range of silicon concentration in a set of rice (Oryza sativa L.) accessions, and to determine if the natural variation of shoot silicon is linked to the previously identified silicon transporters (Lsi genes). Silicon concentration was determined in 50 field‐grown accessions, representing all sub‐populations of rice, with all accessions being genotyped with 700K SNPs. SNPs within 10 kb of the Lsi genes were examined to determine if any were significantly linked with the phenotypic variation. An XRF method of silicon determination compared favourably with digestion and colorimetric analysis. There were significant genotypic differences in shoot silicon ranging from 16.5 to 42.4 mg g?1 of plant dry weight, but there was no significant difference between the rice sub‐populations. Plants with different alleles for SNPs representing Lsi2 and Lsi3 were significantly different for shoot silicon concentration. Shoot silicon correlated negatively with grain arsenic in the tropical and temperate japonica sub‐population, suggesting that accessions with high shoot silicon have reduced grain arsenic. This study indicates that alleles for Lsi genes are excellent candidate genes for further study to explain the natural variation of shoot silicon in rice. 相似文献
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Inheritance and mapping of resistance against Cowpea mild mottle virus strain D1 in soybean
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Cowpea mild mottle virus (CPMMV) is an emerging severe disease of soybean. The resistant genotypes, DS 12‐5 and SL958, were crossed with susceptible genotypes F4C7‐32 and JS335, respectively. Resistance reactions of sap‐inoculated F2 plants and individual F2 plant‐derived F3 families indicated that resistance was controlled by a single dominant gene. Molecular mapping with bulked segregant analysis showed that Satt635 and UO8405 are linked to resistance gene which is located on linkage group H. 相似文献
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Avinash Talukdar Sarvendra Kumar Tincy Varghese Kamal K. Jain Narottam P. Sahu Sujata Sahoo 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(3):765-777
This study was conducted to illustrate the effect of dietary gelatinized starch (GS) on the growth performance, enzyme activities and expression of MyoD and Myf5 in magur, Clarias batrachus fingerlings. Four iso‐nitrogenous (37%) and iso‐lipidic (6%) diets containing 15% (D‐1), 25% (D‐2), 35% (D‐3) or 45% (D‐4) GS were fed to 240 fingerlings (2.5 ± 0.5 g) in triplicates groups for 8 weeks. The maximum weight gain %, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, lower FCR and higher mRNA expression of MyoD or Myf5 were found in the D‐3 group fed with 35% GS. Higher hepatosomatic index, viscerosomatic index, body lipid and lower moisture content were found in the D‐4 group. Aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase activities were found to be higher in the D‐1 group. Amylase, glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase and blood glucose were higher in the D‐4 group. Superoxide dismutase, catalase and hexokinase activities remain unaffected by the dietary GS levels. Hence, the overall results indicate that 35% GS can improve growth performance and upregulate myogenic regulatory factors, but 45% GS level will favor lipogenesis and compromise growth. Furthermore, Myf5 gene showed more immediate response than the MyoD to the dietary carbohydrate in magur. 相似文献
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This study was intended to evaluate tannin mediated inhibition of digestive proteases in two different size groups (fingerlings, F, 4.5 ± 0.7 cm; advanced fingerlings, AF, 18.2 ± 1.6 cm) of rohu, Labeo rohita. Graded levels (50, 100, 150 and 200 nM) of tannin (Gallotannin, 99% purity) were added to the enzyme extracts (30°C, 1 hr) prior to determination of enzyme activities. Changes in the activity of trypsin, chymotrypsin and total protease in relation to the control sets were determined through biochemical assay of enzymes and SDS‐PAGE zymography. The study revealed that tannin significantly inhibited trypsin, chymotrypsin and total protease activities in a dose dependent manner as evident from the regression equations. The degree of the inhibition appeared to be significantly higher for the F in contrast to the AF (F5,66 = 282.311; p < 0.0001). Trypsin activities were reduced by 8.04 ± 0.19% to 52.68 ± 0.72% and 5.61 ± 0.22% to 39.46 ± 0.19% in F and AF, respectively. The reduction in Chymotrypsin activities ranged between 16.11 ± 0.03% to 38.02 ± 0.27% in F and 6.31 ± 0.07% to 22.80 ± 0.32% in AF. Total protease activities were reduced by 10.9 ± 0.07% to 49.60 ± 0.32% in L. rohitaF, whereas, it ranged between 5.19 ± 0.06% to 32.60 ± 0.13% in AF. On a comparative scale, the difference in tannin induced inhibition in F and AF were more prominent for trypsin and chymotrypsin than total protease. Further, nine protease activity bands (15.9–69 kD) with different electromobility were noticed in both the size groups. Subsequent densitometry analysis revealed that the average densities of the protease activity bands were gradually decreased with increasing level of tannin exposure (50–200 nM). The study might indicate adaptive tolerance to tannin in larger size groups and emphasizes the need for removal of tannin in the plant feedstuffs, especially for feeding the fingerlings of L. rohita. 相似文献
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Construction and characterization of 3-S Lines, an alternative population for mapping studies in rice (Oryza sativa L.) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Most traits of agronomic importance in rice are quantitative in nature and are controlled by polygenes, called quantitative
trait loci (QTL). Understanding the nature and effect of QTLs are important for rice breeding to achieve higher yield and
stability. Single segment substitution lines (SSSLs or 3-S Lines) were developed through simple sequence repeats (SSR) marker-facilitated
backcrossing methods for Hua-Jing-Xian 74 (HJX74) with the donor segment from six elite germplasm and was characterized. Complete
genome survey was carried out with 258 polymorphic SSR markers. Polymorphism of the donors with the recurrent parent varied
between 32.98 and 60.73% with an average of 47.81%. Japonica donors were more polymorphic than indica donors. Number of substitution segments per plant decreased with the advancement of backcross generations. In BC2F1, BC3F1, BC3F2 and BC3F3 the average number of substitution segment per plant were 12.5, 5.98, 1.69 and 1.46, respectively. Average size of substitution
segments also decreased with the number of times plants were backcrossed and selfed. In BC2F1, BC3F1, BC3F2 and BC3F3, average size of the segments was 25.43, 22.38, 20.78 and 18.15 cM, respectively. The rate of reduction of segment size was
more in backcross (11.99%) than selfing (7.15%) generations. Percent recovery of recurrent parent genome in BC2F1, BC3F1, BC3F2 and BC3F3 was 82.24, 92.55, 98.04 and 98.52%, respectively. A total of 111 SSSLs comprising of 43 unique types were developed in BC3F2 and BC3F3. The estimated length of the segments in SSSLs ranged from 2.00 to 64.80 cM with an average of 21.75 cM, and 6.05 to 48.90 cM
with an average of 20.95 cM in BC3F2 and BC3F3, respectively. Total length of all substitution segments was 2367.5 cM that covered 704.50 cM (39.25%) of the entire rice
genome. Effective development and successful utilization of 3-S Lines for analysis of QTLs and mapping of genes established
the suitability of the SSR marker facilitated backcross breeding approach for 3-S Lines development and its utilization. 相似文献
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Field studies were conducted to determine the yield performance of a semi-dwarf high yielding variety of wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv. ‘Sonalika’) in response to irrigation provided at various critical stages of growth. Determination of an irrigation schedule for most efficient water management was attempted. The study, conducted on a calcareous brown flood plain soil, comprised a randomized block design experiment with eight irrigation treatments applied at critical growth stages.The yield of wheat was the highest and the irrigation efficiency maximum, when two irrigations, totalling 9.5 cm, were given at tillering and booting stages. The quantity of irrigation water applied was calculated on the basis of deficit from field capacity level of soil water content. The lowest grain yields were obtained in treatments receiving either no irrigation or only one irrigation at the grain-filling stage. The percent increase over control (no irrigation) in grain yield, due to various irrigation treatments, ranged from 21 to 92%. The data revealed that the depletion of soil water increased as the amount of irrigation water increased.The results indicate that the present yield levels of wheat in Bangladesh can easily be increased by 50–100% by irrigating with only one-third to one-half of the water currently being used, provided it is scheduled and managed efficiently, keeping in view the need of the crops as well as the soils. 相似文献
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B. S. Talukdar 《Euphytica》1974,23(1):149-152
Summary Eleven wheat lines were derived by five backcrossings and five selfings with Thatcher as the recurrent and Selkirk as the donor parent during backcrossings. The lines and parents were subjected to mixogram and loaf volume studies.Out of eleven backcross lines five were similar to Thatcher, two needed longer mixing time and four were less elastic than Thatcher.Eight of eleven backcross lines had similar loaf volume profiles and two lines were, to a certain extent, similar to Thatcher in loaf volume. One line was quite different from and definitely inferior to Thatcher.It is suggested that the backcross method is a useful tool in quality breeding. In view of the fact that a backcross line with a quality quite different from the recurrent parent may appear in the population, quality evaluation at pre-release stage is strongly advocated. 相似文献
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Chandra Subhash Talukdar Akshay Taak Yashpal Yadav Raju R. Saini Manisha Sipani N. S. 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2022,69(1):399-409
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - Loss of seed viability is a serious hurdle in production and ambient seed storage of soybean. Understanding the factors affecting seed viability, and... 相似文献