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BARBARA L. SMITH DVM MS JOERG A. AUER DrMedVet MS DiplomateACVS JEFFREY P. WATKINS DVM MS DiplomateACVs 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1990,19(2):117-121
Four horses, 2 to 17 years old, were treated for unilateral avulsion fractures of the tibial tuberosity. Two horses were treated successfully with tension band wiring or plating in combination with lag screw fixation. One horse was euthanatized because of implant failure during recovery and one was euthanatized on day 11 because a longitudinal fracture of the tibial tuberosity occurred through the plane of the screws used for stabilization. 相似文献
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Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of parenterally administered doramectin in cattle 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
M.A. NOWAKOWSKI M.J. LYNCH D.G. SMITH N.B. LOGAN† D.E. MOUZIN† J. LUKASZEWICZ N.I. RYAN R.P. HUNTER R.M. JONES 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1995,18(4):290-298
Plasma concentrations of doramectin in 40 cattle dosed by subcutaneous (sc) or intramuscular (i.m.) injection (200 μg/kg) were compared to assess the bioequivalence of the two routes of administration. Peak concentration ( C max ), and areas under the concentration curve ( AUC0– ) were determined from plasma concentrations. Animals treated by the sc route showed a mean AUC0– of 457 ± 66 ng±day/mL (± SD) and a mean C max of 27.8 ± 7.9 ng/mL. Results from the i.m. treatment group showed a mean AUC 0– of 475 ± 82 ng-day/mL and a mean C max of 33.1 ± 9.0 ng/mL Absorption constants ( k a ) determined by modelling were 0.542 ± 0.336 day-1 after sc administration and 0.710 ± 0.357 day-1 after i.m. administration. The 90% confidence limits on the difference between mean AUC 0– values for the sc and i.m. groups fell within 20% of the mean value for the subcutaneous group. C max was somewhat greater for the i.m. route. The 90% confidence limits on the difference in mean In ( T max +1) also fell within 20% of the mean sc value. Based on this analysis, bioequivalence of the sc and i.m. formulation has been established. 相似文献
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Intraosseous Cannulation and Drug Administration for Induction of Anesthesia in Chickens 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
ALEXANDER VALVERDE dvm DVSc Diplomate ACVA DOROTHEE BIENZLE DVM MSc DALE A SMITH dvm DVSc DORIS H. DYSON dvm DVSc Diplomate ACVA ANNE E. VALLIANT bsc 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1993,22(3):240-244
Twenty-four chickens were randomly assigned to one of three treatments (ketamine, 30 mg/ kg; thiopental, 20 mg/kg; saline, 0.8 mL). Baseline data (heart rate, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure, and cloacal temperature) were recorded before ulnar intraosseous cannulation and administration of drug treatment and for 30 minutes after administration. One investigator, unaware of the treatment administered, assessed the reaction to cannulation, number of attempts per cannulation, reaction to injection, time to induction and recovery, and quality of induction and recovery. Respiratory rate increased significantly (p < .05) from baseline after thiopental. Other parameters did not vary within groups or between groups. Most birds did not react or had a mild reaction to cannulation and injection, and on average fewer than two attempts were necessary. Quality of recovery was significantly (p < .05) better after thiopental. Time to recovery was significantly (p < .05) shorter after thiopental. No major histopathologic changes were noted in bone marrow samples from the injection site. This study demonstrates that the intraosseous route may be used to induce anesthesia in chickens, and that minimal changes in the variables studied were produced by ketamine and thiopental. 相似文献
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B. W. MAIN J. R. MEANS L. E. RINKEMA W. C. SMITH R. D. SARAZAN 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1996,19(3):225-232
Tilmicosin(TM), a macrolide antibiotic and active ingredient in formulated Micotil 300TM (Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, IN, USA), is the active ingredient in a formulated animal product used for the treatment of respiratory tract infections in cattle. Owing to the concern of governmental regulatory agencies over the possibility of an accidental injection of the antibiotic to a livestock handler, the cardiovascular effects of sub lethal doses of TM were evaluated in conscious mixed-breed dogs. Left ventricular function, systemic arterial blood pressure, and heart rate (HR) responses to TM alone and in combination with propranolol(P) or dobutamine HCl(DOB) were evaluated. Dogs were instrumented with indwelling micromanometers implanted in the left ventricular chamber and in the thoracic aorta. Cardiovascular variables were recorded, and the peak value of the first derivative of left ventricular pressure (dp/dt(max)) was used as an index of left ventricular inotropic state. Six treatments were randomly assigned to each of the six dogs using a Latin square design. The six treatments were vehicle, TM alone (2.5 mg/kg of body weight), TM immediately followed by P. and TM immediately followed by 1 of 3 dosages of DOB infused for ?45 min. Additionally, doses of TM alone (0.25, 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 mg/kg) were administered to complete a dose-response curve. TM caused dose dependent decreases in (dp/dt(max)) and aortic pulse pressure. HR increased dose-dependently. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure increased at the 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg dosages. Left ventricular systolic pressure was reduced dose-dependently at the 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg dosages. Treatment with P exacerbated the negative inotropic effect and the decrease in left ventricular systolic pressure, but did not attenuate the tachycardia associated with TM treatment. DOB attenuated the changes in ventricular inotropic state in a dose-dependent manner. DOB infusion also restored left ventricular systolic pressure at dosages of 3 or 10 μg/min/kg. Our data indicate that toxic doses of TM may have a negative inotropic effect in conscious dogs. HR increased in a dose-dependent manner and was not the result of β1-receptor stimulation. DOB reversed some, but not all, of the effects caused by TM administration. 相似文献
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K. J. EASLEY DVM MS T. S. STASHAK DVM MS DiplomateACVS F. W. SMITH PhD G. VAN SLYKE BVSC 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1990,19(2):102-106
Thirty-six superficial digital flexor tendons from nine fresh equine cadavers were transected and sutured with size 2 monofilament nylon. Nine tendons were repaired with each of four suture patterns: single-locking loop, double-locking loop, triple-locking loop, or three-loop pulley. The times required for application, tensile strengths, resistance to distraction (gap), and modes of failure were analyzed. The mean times required were: single-locking loop, 3 mins, 15 secs; double-locking loop, 4 mins, 15 secs; triple-locking loop, 10 mins, 50 secs; and three-loop pulley, 4 mins. The double-locking loop, triple-locking loop, and three-loop pulley suture patterns were stronger than the single-locking loop. The triple-locking loop and three-loop pulley patterns were close in strength and only the triple-locking loop was stronger than the double-locking loop. The three-loop pulley had the greatest resistance to gap formation and its mode of failure was different from the others. The three-locking loop suture patterns failed by suture breakage but the three-loop pulley failed first by suture pull-out and then by suture breakage. 相似文献
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