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51.
Rasoul KOWSAR Nina HAMBRUCH Jinghui LIU Takashi SHIMIZU Christiane PFARRER Akio MIYAMOTO 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2013,59(5):470-478
This study aimed to investigate the role of epithelial cells in regulating innate
immunity in bovine oviduct epithelial cell (BOEC) culture. We studied the effect of
Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and its interaction with
ovarian steroids, estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4), and luteinizing hormone (LH) at
concentrations observed during the preovulatory period on immune responses in BOEC
culture. Immunohistochemistry of oviduct tissue showed intensive expression of Toll-like
receptor-4 (TLR-4) and TLR-2 in epithelial cells. A dose of 10 ng/ml LPS stimulated
TLR-4, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor kappa
B inhibitor A (NFKBIA), interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and tumor
necrosis factor α (TNF-α) expression, indicating an early
pro-inflammatory response. A dose of 100 ng/ml LPS did not induce expression of these
genes but stimulated TLR-2, IL-10,IL-4
and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) expression and PGE2
secretion, indicating an anti-inflammatory response. Ovarian steroids and LH completely
block LPS (10 ng/ml)-induced TLR-4, IL-1β and
TNF-α expression as well as LPS (100 ng/ml)-induced
TLR-2 expression. Taken together, this study suggests the existence of
an early signaling system to respond to infection in the BOEC. In addition, ovarian
steroids and LH may play a critical role in inducing homeostasis and in controlling
hyperactive pro-inflammatory responses detrimental to epithelial cells, sperm and the
embryo. 相似文献
52.
53.
Namangala B Yokoyama N Ikehara Y Taguchi O Tsujimura K Sugimoto C Inoue N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(8):751-759
Despite the immense socio-economic repercussions of African trypanosomosis (AT), there is currently no effective control measure against the disease. Characterization of mechanisms governing resistance and/or susceptibility to AT could suggest interventions that might lead to more effective disease control. The present study was designed in an attempt to address the possible role of CD4+CD25+ T cells during an acute lethal infection of mice with Trypanosoma congolense, the causative agent of AT in domestic animals, through selective depletion using anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody. Accordingly, CD4+CD25+ T-cell-depletion resulted in a significant reduction or delay in parasitemia, pathology, and mortality, as compared to controls. The apparent resistance in CD4+CD25+-T-cell-depleted mice correlated with a profound suppression of Th2 cytokines in vitro and in vivo, culminating in a net Th1 cytokine environment. Cumulatively, these findings suggest that CD4+CD25+ T-cell- depletion improves the trypanotolerance of highly susceptible BALB/c mice acutely infected with the lethal T. congolense. 相似文献
54.
Devkota B Koseki T Matsui M Sasaki M Kaneko E Miyamoto A Amaya Montoya C Miyake Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(1):119-121
In the present study, the correlations among age, body weight, scrotal circumference (SC), semen quality and peripheral testosterone and estradiol-17beta (E(2)) concentrations were investigated in pubertal (n=5) and postpubertal (n=7) groups of Holstein bulls over a 6 week period. There were significant positive correlations (P<0.01) among age, body weight and SC in both groups, and similar significant correlations between sperm motility and SC in pubertal bulls (P<0.01) and between sperm concentration and SC in postpubertal bulls (P<0.05). The sperm motility after collection (P<0.05) and after freezing and thawing (P<0.01) of the postpubertal bulls correlated positively with the E(2) concentration. Estrogen may be important for the function of postpubertal bull testes, in which it may regulate spermatozoa motility in vivo. 相似文献
55.
Yamanaka T Niwa H Tsujimura K Kondo T Matsumura T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(6):623-625
On August 2007, we encountered equine influenza epidemic by Florida sub-lineage strain (H3N8) in Japan Racing Association's facilities where 4142 racehorses in total were stabled. The number of new febrile cases sharply increased, but the occurrence was rapidly calmed down within 2 weeks. The morbidity rate in these facilities was 12.8% and the subclinical infection rate of healthy racehorses examined by rapid antigen detection tests was 19.4% at the early stage of epidemic. The serological studies along with the low morbidity rate and the existence of numbers of asymptomatically infected racehorses, suggested that the cross-reactivity of the antibodies provided by vaccination against the epidemic strain contributed to reducing the morbidity rate and duration of epidemic. 相似文献
56.
Bollwein H Schulze JJ Miyamoto A Sieme H 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2008,54(5):335-339
The goal of this study was to investigate for the first time a possible association between plasma concentrations of testosterone and total estrogen and testicular blood flow in the stallion. Correlations between these variables were calculated before and after administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Eight mature warmblood stallions received 5,000 IU hCG intravenously, and four stallions received solvent only. Testicular blood flow in the left and right testicular arteries was assessed using colour Doppler sonography by measuring blood flow volume (BFV) and pulsatility index (PI) immediately before (time 0) and 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 72, 120 and 168 h after hCG administration. EDTA blood samples were collected after each examination from a jugular vein to measure plasma testosterone and total estrogen concentrations. After treatment, the BFV increased and was elevated at 1 h and between 12 and 24 h. The profile of the PI was contrary to that of the BFV throughout the study period. Following hCG, there was a biphasic increase in testosterone concentration with maxima between 1 and 3 h and between 24 and 72 h, and there was a monophasic increase in the total estrogen concentration with a maximum between 6 and 24 h. At time 0, the total estrogen concentration correlated significantly with BFV (r=0.90; P<0.05) but the testosterone concentration did not (P>0.05). The testosterone and total estrogen concentrations did not correlate with PI (P>0.05). The total estrogen concentration, but not testosterone, correlated well with BFV after injection of hCG (P<0.05). The results of this study indicated that the testicular blood flow volume of the stallion may be regulated by estrogens, but additional studies are necessary to investigate whether there is a causal relationship. 相似文献
57.
The effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations on the nighttime respiration were examined for two sample branches of a hinoki cypress tree (Chamaecyparis obtusa) growing in the field with an open gas exchange system for a one-year period from July 1994 to June 1995. The branches were
of a similar size and located at a similar position within the crown. One branch was subjected to an elevated CO2 concentration of 800 μmol mol−1 and the other was subjected to ambient air which had a CO2 concentration of about 370 μmol mol−1. Nighttime respiration rate was higher in elevated CO2 level than in ambient CO2 level. The relationship between nighttime respiration and the corresponding nighttime air temperature was fitted by the exponential
function in every month of the year. The segregation of regression lines between the two CO2 treatments increased gradually as the seasons progressed during the treatment period. TheQ
10 values for nighttime respiration were lower in elevated CO2 (1.9 ≤Q
10 ≤ 3.7) than in ambient CO2 (2.4 ≤Q
10 ≤ 4.5) in every month of the year. TheQ
10 was inversely related to the monthly mean nighttime air temperature in both elevated and ambient CO2. The estimated daily nighttime respiration rate under both CO2 treatments had a similar seasonal pattern, which almost synchronized with the temperature change. The respiration ratio of
elevated CO2 to ambient CO2 increased gradually from 1.1 to 1.6 until the end of the experiment. Our results indicate that the CO2 level and the temperature have a strong interactive effect on respiration and suggest that a potential increase in respiration
of branches will occur when ambient CO2 increases. 相似文献
58.
Effects of omega-7 palmitoleic acids on skeletal muscle differentiation in a hyperglycemic condition
Yayoi TOKUNAGA Hitomi YOSHIZAKI Akiyo TORIUMI Ritsuko KAWAHARADA Chisato ISHIDA Masatoshi HORI Akio NAKAMURA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(9):1369
Maternal obesity and diabetes are known to be involved in fetal myogenesis, but the later stages of myogenesis are not well understood. In this study, we investigated the influence of a hyperglycemic environment on L6 skeletal myoblast differentiation and the function of omega-7 palmitoleic acids. Exposure to a high concentration of glucose (25 mM) in high-glucose culture medium (HG) increased the expression of myogenic genes (MyoD, Myogenin, MRF4, Myhc2x, and Myhc2a) and the synthesis of myosin. HG also activated the PI3K/AKT pathway revealed muscle cell differentiation. Furthermore, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an inflammatory cytokine (Tnfaip3; tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3), which are crucial for the growth and differentiation of skeletal muscle, were increased by HG. Palmitoleic acids suppressed the expression levels of myogenic regulatory genes and increased the expression level of a cell proliferation-related gene (Pax3). Trans-palmitoleic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid (TPA and EPA) increased the phosphorylation level of MAPK/ERK1/2 and downregulated ROS generation and Tnfaip3 expression. In contrast, cis-palmitoleic acid inactivated MAPK/ERK1/2, leading to increased ROS generation. In conclusion, a hyperglycemic environment mediated by HG induced excessive muscle differentiation. Palmitoleic acids inhibited myoblast differentiation by downregulating muscle-specific genes. Moreover, trans-palmitoleic acids may have beneficial antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory effects in cells. 相似文献
59.
Nozomu Iwabuchi Ai Endo Norikazu Kameyama Masaya Satoh Akio Miyazaki Hiroaki Koinuma Yugo Kitazawa Kensaku Maejima Yasuyuki Yamaji Kenro Oshima Shigetou Namba 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2018,84(2):160-164
“Elaeocarpus yellows” (ELY) is a widely reported phytoplasma disease of Elaeocarpus zollingeri trees in Japan. The phytoplasma associated with ELY (ELY phytoplasma) had not been identified at the species level because its 16S rRNA sequence had yet to be reported. Here, we report the results of a sequence analysis based on 16S rRNA and secA gene sequences, which showed that the ELY phytoplasma is related to ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma malaysianum’. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing the occurrence of ‘Ca. P. malaysianum’ outside Malaysia and the infection of E. zollingeri by the phytoplasma. 相似文献