Intratree Variability of Cleavage Resistance of Chinese Fir from Plantation

INTRODUCTION Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) is a very important timber species in the southern China (Shi Jisen et al. 1987). It is good, fast-growing, and exempts from serious plant diseases. Its plantation is big in terms of size in the South of China and its storage stock is very rich, which is about 20% of the national commodity wood (Zhou Shuangquan et al. 2000). And the lumber becomes mainly commercial construction materials in China because of straight grain, light and so…     

Electrophysiological and Behavioral Responses of Adult Anoplophom glabripennis (Motschulsky) to Volatile Components of Host-Plant

Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of adult A. glabripennis (Motsch.) to volatiles from ashleaf maple (Acer negundo L.) were investigated to identify semiochemicals involved in host location. Measurable electroantennogram (BAG) responses were elicited to all compounds tested, the most effective antennal stimulants were trans-2-hexen-1-al,decyl aldehyde and trans-2-hexenl-ol.These profiles were similar between males and females. In Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, above three compounds with certain concentration, trans-2-hexen-l-al (1%), trans-2-hexen-l-ol (1%) and decyl aldehyde (10%), were significantly attractive to the adults in laboratory. The results show that either BAG or olfactory responding to a particular volatile compound are markedly influenced by the concentration.     

Decay Detection of Ancient Wood Rafters in Tibet by Stress Wave Testing Method

Visual classification and stress wave non-destructive testing technology were adopted to evaluate the decay status of ancient Populus wood members （rafters） replaced from the Potala Palace. The decay status of wood members was evaluated by stress wave testing and visual observation. For most of the ancient wood members, the evaluation results by two methods were consistent with each other. Also stress wave testing techniques can find the internal wood member decay to eliminate the hidden hazard for ancient wood members, and offer relatively accurate quantitative information for the safety status of ancient wood members. Thus during the maintaining for ancient architectures, visual observation combined with stress wave testing techniques is a good way to evaluate the degradation of ancient wood members.     

Analysis on Schistosomiasis Occurrence And Preventive Measures in Three Gorges Reservoir

Recently, due to more flooding, schistosomiasis is in expanding tendency in some areas. With Three Gorges Engineering progress, schistosomiasis will occurr potentially in Three Gorges reservoir. In order to control the disease, some methods must be applied, e.g. chemicals, biological measures. To some extent every way has its specific effect. However, the vital way is improving the environment and reducing the amount of snails. One of the effective ways is conducting forestry ecological engineering that focuses on snail control and schistosomiasis prevention. The practical ways cover such as pollution controlling, ditches surface hardening. Especially for water-level-fluctuation zone, conducting forestry ecological engineering to improve environment to prevent snails＇ propagation is significant and vital. By operating the project environment could be greatly improved and people＇s living conditions would be bettered.     

竹子组培苗试管内超早期开花结实

竹子开花很少,而开花后则死亡。因此,很难获得竹种。为此,采用组培法促进竹子开花结实。对刺状箣竹和苏麻竹进行组培,取得了开花结实的结果。这一技术为竹类杂交育种铺平了道路。     

阔叶材(山杨和速生杨)漂白浆和未漂浆水解降解及其产物性质的研究(英文)

本文研究了木素含量为0.2—1.2％的山杨和速生杨漂白浆和未漂浆的水解降解过程。研究结果表明,该过程与先前已研究过的其它种类的木浆具有相类似的特点,即水解过程存在两个明显的阶段(快速降解阶段和缓慢降解阶段),最终纤维素降解至“极限”聚合度。由不同原料用不同方法制成的不同种类的浆,其水解速度以递减的顺序排列为:山杨浆(漂白浆和未漂浆)→白桦浆→速生杨浆(漂白浆和未漂浆)→针叶材硫酸盐浆→针叶材亚硫酸盐浆(3.7×10~(-4)/分,1.7×10~(-4)/分→1.6×10~(-4)/分→1.3×10~(-4)/分,0.9×10~(-4)/分→1.2×10~(-4)/分,0.8×10~(-4)/分) 水解后纤维索达到“极限”聚合度,后者大小取决于原料种类。山杨硫酸未漂浆分别为206和135;氧碱法山杨浆为160;速生杨硫酸盐未漂浆和漂白浆分别为250和240。水解后试样呈白色粉末状,得率82～85％。试样以其吸水能力为显著特征。未经超声波分散作用的试样,其吸水值比原浆低(从未漂浆90～115％和漂白浆75～95％降至70～80％)。反之,于水中经超声波分散作用后,试样的吸水值急剧增大(山杨微晶纤维素为160％,速生杨微晶纤维素为260％),接近于桦木浆和棉浆微晶纤维素的水平。对原浆纤维和微晶纤维颗粒形状和大小进行了显微观测。测得的数量分布微分曲线表明,在酸水解     

圆锯纵锯时前斜角对切削精度和切屑形成的影响

1.问题的提出在木材加工工业中,把原木加工成规格材时通常用带锯先锯剖出大方,再用园锯加工。在这加工过程中,产生了大量的无市场价值的锯末。有些锯末用来作纸浆的原料。为了利用锯末中的木材纤维,以给予最后的纸浆产品足够的强度。那么在锯切过程中,我们首先期望能加工出高的精度,满意的加工表面,以使能从一定的原木中获得最大量的锯材,其次期望所产生的锯末有好的纤维性能,以增加锯末对于纸浆工业的市场价值。     

榆树种和杂种间的可交配型及形态变异

本文报道了1970、1971、1972和1973年关于榆树的培育研究,主要目的是:(1)测定种和杂种之间潜在的可交配性;(2)对已表现出一个或更多有价值特征的优越性,诸如抗病、生长速度、类型(form)的基因型进行杂交;(3)对由杂交产生的全部后代在遗传性的可靠性上作出估价。许多用于杂交的亲本是荷兰榆树培育计划中得到的无性系,我们将这些无性系用于荷兰培育工作并从 F_3代中选优。     

用量纲分析建立生长和收获模型

生长和收获模型的建立始于Mackinney和Chaiken,1939年他们把多元回归技术用于收获预测做了开拓性工作。从此以后,建立了许多基于单株木和林分的预测森林资源生长和收获的模型。由于更精确的统计技术、数据库的发展以及计算机功能和效率的提高,模型的复杂程度也增加了。     

官厅水库库滨带生物治理措施初探

官厅水库是北京重要的供水水源地，如何治理库区水土流失，提高水质，改善水库生态环境是当前面临的一个重要课题。文章从库滨带的组成和功能出发，介绍了生物工程措施中植物选取的原则，以此为基础，选取了垂柳、柽柳、酸枣和白榆四种乔灌木；并详细阐述了生物治理措施中植物措施和工程措施的设计模式，以期为官厅水库库岸整治提供理论和实践基础。