添加微生物植酸酶对中国绍兴麻鸭产蛋性能的影响

试验选用 1 2 0 0只 2 6周龄的中国绍兴麻鸭 ,随机分为 5个处理组 ,每个处理组 2 4 0只鸭 ,分为 4个重复 ,试验期 70天。观测微生物植酸酶替代日粮中部分磷酸氢钙对产蛋鸭生产性能的影响。结果表明 ,添加 3 0 0FTU/Kg植酸酶替代产蛋鸭高峰饲料中 70 %磷酸氢钙时就可保持产蛋鸭的生产性能不变。随着植酸酶添加量的增加 ,产蛋鸭的生产性能越好 ,添加 4 0 0FTU/Kg植酸酶替代产蛋鸭高峰饲料中70 %磷酸氢钙时 ,产蛋率极显著优于对照组 (P <0 .0 1 )。添加 50 0FTU/Kg植酸酶替代产蛋鸭高峰饲料中70 %磷酸氢钙时 ,产蛋率极显著地优于对照组 (P <0 .0 1 )、饲料转化率显著地优于对照组 (P <0 .0 5) ,采食量各组之间差异不显著。由此可见 ,植酸酶可以用于产蛋鸭高峰饲料中 ,且以添加 4 0 0～ 50 0FTU/Kg植酸酶活性单位的饲养效果最好     

DNA Barcoding:An Effective Tool for Species Identification of Lepidopteran Oak Pests

[Objective] The paper was to improve the efficiency and accuracy of early forecast of Lepidopteran oak-infesting pests.[Method] DNA barcoding technique was established for quick species identification using mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit Ⅰ(COⅠ) as the standard gene.This barcoding technique was used to amplify and sequence genomic DNA samples from eggs and pupae of 11 species of Lepidopteran pests collected from oak.[Result] The DNA barcoding standard genes of 594-708 bp were determined from eggs and pupae of Lepidopteran insects.There were differences of 0-2 bases in DNA barcode sequences between conspecific eggs and pupae,with the sequence identity of 99.7%-100%.The average content of A,T,G and C of DNA barcode sequences from Lepidopteran insects were 30.7%,38.5%,14.9% and 15.9%,respectively.The obtained DNA barcode sequences had 91.4%-100% identity and 0-8.6% difference degree with GenBank-deposited DNA barcode sequences from organisms of the genetically-closest relationship.Among them,DNA barcode sequences from egg and pupa samples of 10 Lepidopteran insects(No.1-20) had 99%-100% identity and 0-1.0% difference degree with homologous sequences in GenBank database,while the remaining samples(No.21-22) had high difference degree(8.6%) with homologous sequences.[Conclusion] The established DNA barcoding technique is an effeetive tool for species identification of Lepidopteran pests using genomic DNA from eggs and pupae of Lepidopteran insects.     

老年犬的养护

如果家里有一头老年犬,它一定陪伴你走过了好几个年头,在这么多年里它也许是你的精神寄托;有了它你的生活更快乐了,是它提高了你的生活品质。这个时候,它仍然在你的身旁,但它已经不像年轻时那样爱玩爱闹了,对事情的注意力、警惕性也有明显下降。这些都是不可避免的,你深爱的犬正在逐渐衰老。这个时候,它的需求正在变化,它对你的依赖越来越强,它需要你给它保持一个健康的身体和安逸的老年生沽。     

湖南省洞庭湖区5株H6N6亚型禽流感毒株HA、NA基因的遗传进化分析

为了从分子生物学角度了解H6N6亚型禽流感病毒在湖南省洞庭湖区的变异特点和进化规律,为该地区H6N6亚型禽流感的防控提供一些理论依据,对2012年在洞庭湖区分离的H6N6亚型禽流感毒株的HA、NA基因进行扩增、克隆和测序,并对所得序列进行同源性和遗传进化分析。结果显示,本试验分离到的5株H6N6亚型禽流感毒株HA裂解位点为PQIETR↓GLF,均没有多个连续的碱性氨基酸插入,属于低致病性病毒;5株病毒的HA和NA潜在的糖基化位点有一些差别,这些差别是否会引起其毒力和致病力上的差异还有待研究;从基因遗传进化关系来看,这些毒株与我国汕头、广西分离的毒株同源性较高。     

河南省汝南县生猪保险和病死猪无害化处理的联动实践

河南省汝南县开展了生猪保险和病死猪无害化处理联动工作。通过保险理赔、无害化处理无缝衔接、建立激励机制、严格管控等做法,做到了应保尽保、快速理赔和100%无害化处理,为其它各地的无害化处理提供了参考。     

富硒酵母液体深层发酵条件的研究

试验对经含硒麦芽汁平板驯化得到的AS15菌株在含硒(Se4+)麦芽汁培养基中液体发酵条件进行研究,试验结果表明,AS15菌株在含Se4+的液体培养基中生物量和硒转化率均高于出发菌株;在AS15菌株对数生长期添加亚硒酸钠,AS15菌株生物量及硒转化率优于其它添加方式;AS15菌株发酵罐培养采用恒定pH值发酵,生物量有了明显的提高,达32.5g/l;在AS15菌株发酵罐培养22h后进行定时加入Se4+,所得到的AS15酵母细胞内的硒含量较摇瓶发酵有所提高,达2081μg/g,硒的转化率达84.5%。     

基质对黑果腺肋花楸幼苗生长的影响

以黑果腺肋花楸(Aronia melanocarpa)为试验材料,选用田园土、泥炭土、珍珠岩和黄沙,采用正交试验设计,研究不同基质配比对黑果腺肋花楸成苗率以及幼苗形态指标和生理指标的影响。结果表明,不同育苗基质对黑果腺肋花楸出苗率、苗高、地径、主根长、侧根数和高径比等形态指标以及根系活力、可溶性糖、淀粉和蛋白质等生理指标的影响差异显著,综合分析各项指标,筛选出适合黑果腺肋花楸容器育苗的栽培基质为田园土(40%)+泥炭土(30%)+黄沙(30%)、田园土(40%)+珍珠岩(30%)+黄沙(30%)、田园土(40%)+泥炭土(30%)+珍珠岩(30%)和田园土(60%)+泥炭土(20%)+黄沙(20%)。     

Influence of recombinant duck follistatin protein on embryonic muscle development and gene expressions

Follistatin (FST) acts as a positive regulator of muscle development by inhibiting the activities and expression of myostatin. The recombinant duck FST protein was injected into hatching eggs and was also added to the medium of duck myoblast to study its role on duck embryonic muscle development and gene expressions. Duck embryo weight increased 3.49% (p > 0.05) in FST treatment group as compared with control group, but minor effects were found on leg or breast muscle weights of ducklings at 2 days post‐hatching (p > 0.05). Relative expression of Pax7 was upregulated in both leg and breast muscle tissues (p < 0.05), while MyoD was only upregulated in leg muscle (p < 0.05), and Myf5 was only upregulated in breast muscle (p < 0.05). Relative expression of myostatin was downregulated in both muscle tissues researched (p < 0.05). In vitro studies also showed some maker genes relevant to protein synthesis and degradation, cells’ proliferation and differentiation had significant changes in myoblasts after treated with FST. These results suggested that in ovo feeding of recombinant FST protein to duck hatching eggs had an effect on duck embryo development but have less roles on the duck embryonic muscle development.     

Experimental studies with foot-and-mouth disease virus type Asia-1, responsible for the 2005 epidemic in China

This study was carried out to investigate the biological characteristics of the foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus strain Asia-1 China/2005, which is responsible for the 2005 epidemic in China. The result showed that this strain is not host restricted, and could not only cause FMD in cattle and sheep but also in pigs by either inoculation or direct contact.