新阶段的新问题——关于当前畜牧产业发展的几点思考

当前畜牧业发展已经进入一个新阶段,规模化、集约化比重增加,畜产品数量与质量并重,畜牧业与整个社会和谐发展,成为这一阶段     

试论乡村兽医素质提高

禽流感疫情的暴发,唤醒了全社会对动物疫病的重视和关注,促使人们在重视人类疫病防治的同时,更加关注动物疫病特别是人畜(禽)共患疫     

在线清筛机构在粉碎机中的运用

<正>1现有粉碎机的运行状态及分析物料经锤片打击破碎后加速作圆周运动,离心力的作用使物料脱离锤片的打击,并很快在筛片侧形成物料环,粗细物料的质量不同造成物料环的分层,粗料粒层紧靠筛片侧,细料粒层覆在粗料粒层上。如果无法破坏物料的环流层,不但影响大颗粒物料重返粉碎区,而且还影响细物料的过筛,     

生物素测定方法的应用现状

<正>生物素,又称维生素H,是一种水溶性B族维生素。生物素的测定方法很多,早在20世纪40年代,国外就报道了利用微生物法测定生物素的含量。随着科学技术的发展,国内外报道了许多新的测定方法,主要有同位素稀释法、     

Molecular taxonomic relationships of Psoroptes and Chorioptes mites from China based on COI and 18S rDNA gene sequences

In this present study, the mitochondrial DNA gene cytochrome coxidase subunit I (COI) and the small subunit ribosomal RNA (18S rDNA) gene were used to determine the taxonomic relationships of Psoroptes and Chorioptes mites from China. The neighbor-joining and maximum-parasimony approach were used to evaluate the evolutionary relatedness among different hosts in the genera Psoroptes and Chorioptes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Psoroptes cuniculi and Psoroptes natalensis may be two different species within the genus Psoroptes, and Chorioptes texanus and Chorioptes panda are different species within the genus Chorioptes.     

Milk utilisation patterns in the low-input production systems in South Africa

Understanding the utilisation patterns of milk assists in designing appropriate dairy development schemes in rural communities. The objective of the study was to determine milk utilisation patterns in different smallholder farming systems in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Data were collected through the administration of recording sheets to 130 randomly selected households in Alice, Fort Beaufort and Queenstown districts. Amounts of milk produced per household ranged from 9 to 21 l per household per day. Milk consumption/household/day was similar among the three districts. Milk consumption in the early lactation doubled the amount consumed in late lactation (P < 0.05). Milk in the communal areas was largely utilised as fresh or sour milk. Fresh milk was mostly used in tea/coffee or to make porridge for children. Sour milk was consumed with thick boiled maize meal. Fort Beaufort (10.2 ± 1.37 l/day) had the highest sour milk sales whilst Queenstown had the highest fresh milk sales (9.7 ± 5.57 l/day). It was concluded that quantities of milk consumed or sold as fresh or sour were generally low and varied across smallholder farming systems.     

青蒿素及其衍生物的作用机理及其对鸡球虫病的防治

对青蒿素及其衍生物的作用机理及近年来其在防治鸡球虫病的应用做了较详细的综述,以期为其在防治鸡球虫病中的应用提供参考。青蒿素被用于治疗疟疾已有几百年的历史,它还具有治疗血吸虫、腹泻及清热、镇静安神的作用,但其在兽医临床中的应用还是一个新领域。     

小肽营养素对奶牛泌乳性能的影响

试验选择泌乳期中国荷斯坦奶牛32头,随机分为4组,A组(对照组)为基础精料日粮组;B、C、D组分别为基础精料日粮 0.1%、0.3%、0.5%小肽营养素。正试期28d。结果表明,添加0.1%、0.3%、0.5%小肽营养素后,奶牛头日平均产奶量分别提高1.67kg(6.38%)(P<0.05)、1.75kg(6.69%)(P<0.05)和1.64kg(6.27%)(P<0.05)。添加小肽营养素后,乳蛋白和乳脂率均有所提高,其趋势随小肽营养素添加量的增加而提高。添加0.1%、0.3%、0.5%小肽营养素后,奶牛头日净增效益3.52元、3.40元、2.86元。综合生产性能和经济效益,以添加0.1%-0.3%小肽营养素为适宜。     

奶牛乳房炎发生的原因及诊断防治综述

乳房炎是奶牛最常见的疾病之一,它不仅严重影响患病牛的产乳量、乳的品质,延长产后发情时间和妊娠时问,而且危及人的健康。据国际奶牛联合会统计,20世纪70年代,奶牛临床型乳房炎患病率约20%,隐性乳房炎则高达50％;在美国饲养的1100万头奶牛中,半数患有各种类型乳房炎,日本全国平均乳房炎患病率为45．1％,法国奶牛整个第一泌乳期临床型乳房炎发生率为26．3％,在芬兰、挪威、瑞典,乳房健康问题分别造成35％、19%和22%的奶牛淘汰。     

钙蛋白酶系统在动物营养中的应用

钙蛋白酶(Calpain)系统包括钙蛋白酶、钙蛋白酶抑制蛋白(Calpastatin)和钙蛋白酶激活蛋白(CalpainActivator)。研究表明,钙蛋白酶系统通过参与肌原纤维蛋白的降解过程从而影响肌肉生长及肉的嫩化。胞内Calpain活性受多种因素的调节,包括钙需要量、自溶裂解、磷脂的作用、钙蛋白酶抑制蛋白和激活蛋白等,然而对于体内钙蛋白酶的活性如何调控的争议仍然存在。