早生桑品种育151、育237的育成

采用杂交方法育成早生桑品种育151、育237,具有发芽早、产叶量高,叶质较优、抗黄化型萎缩病较强等特性,发芽期比早青桑捉早2-3天.比湖桑32号早8天左右.产叶量提高6-41%.     

安徽省鸡免疫抑制性疾病的流行病学调查

采集了安徽省6个主要养鸡地区65群鸡的185只病鸡共986份组织样品，对可引起免疫抑制性疾病的5种最常见病毒进行了PCR检测。结果，传染性腔上囊病病毒（IBDV）、鸡传染性贫血病毒（CIAV）、马立克氏病病毒（MDV）、禽白血病病毒（ALV）和网状内皮增生症病毒（REV）的群阳性率和个体阳性率分别为73．08％和40．91％、46．15％和25．95％、41．54％和17．84％、18．46％和7．57％、13．85％和4．86％，其中被检鸡之二重或多重混合感染的总阳性率为24．33％。调查结果证实，免疫抑制性疾病在安徽省的商业鸡群中普遍存在，并与鸡群疾病多而复杂、损失大相关。     

Effects of Latent Infection of Stock Plants and Abundance of Thrips on the Occurrence of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tomato spotted wilt virus </Emphasis>in Chrysanthemum Fields

DAS-ELISA proved to be reliable enough to detect a latent infection by Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in asymptomatic stock plants of chrysanthemum. A high density of Frankliniella occidentalis, the predominant vector, in the presence of latently infected stock plants resulted in a high incidence of disease in the chrysanthemum production field. The incidence of disease was low when the vector thrips were not abundant in spite of the presence of latently infected stock plants. These results suggest that an infestation of the vector thrips causes severe secondary spread of TSWV originating from latently infected stock plants in chrysanthemum production fields. Received 27 July 2001/ Accepted in revised form 27 November 2001     

25s rRNA 基因部分序列比较在香菇栽培菌种鉴定上的应用

对目前中国7个主要香菇栽培品种：科，26，939，135，9311，申10和7402和25s rRNA基因中的D1／D2片段进行了DNA序列测定，根据DNA序列测定结果对它们之间的同源性进行了分析。结果表明，所测定的7个香菇栽培品种之间的亲缘关系非常近，同源性很高。通过聚类分析，根据香菇之间的亲缘关系，可以将这7个品种分为2类，即苏香，939和9311为一类，26，申10，135和7402为一类。     

茄子新品种蒙茄4号的选育

蒙茄 4号是以 86D0 1 1 1 1为母本 ,79B0 1 2 2 2为父本配制的一代杂种。该品种中早熟 ,始花节位第 7～ 8节。果实近圆形稍扁 ,果皮深紫色 ,光泽度强 ,耐贮运 ,果肉紧密 ,商品性好。平均单果质量 4 0 0～ 4 5 0g,露地每6 6 7m2 产量 4 5 0 0kg左右。适宜露地栽培。     

葡萄属植物白藜芦醇研究进展

根据有关文献分别从白藜芦醇穴Res雪的发现、化学结构、物理特性、对葡萄属植物及人体健康的作用、作用机理方面作了简要概述,总结了其诱导、取样、测定方法,在葡萄植物体内的分布、动态变化、器官之间含量的相关性,葡萄属植物种间、品种间及葡萄加工品之间的含量差异,并介绍了白藜芦醇的生物合成、几种合成酶,影响代谢的内部、外部因素,对白藜芦醇的研究意义及应用前景也进行了讨论。     

适宜设施栽培番茄新品种——渝红6 号

 ‘渝红6号’番茄是新育成的一代杂种, 自封顶类型, 生长势强, 叶片肥大, 叶色浓绿, 不卷叶, 不早衰; 果面光滑, 无绿果肩, 成熟果红色, 平均单果质量230 g; 可溶性固形物含量5. 24%, 维生素C 含量0. 181 mg / g; 皮厚, 耐贮运; 中抗TMV, 抗枯萎病; 耐低温, 耐弱光; 适宜长江流域早熟大棚栽培和春秋露地栽培。     

Indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aciculosporium take</Emphasis>, a causal agent of witches' broom of bamboo

 Aciculosporium take (Ascomycota; Clavicipitaceae) is a causal agent of witches' broom of bamboo plants. The symptoms of this disease are believed to be induced by plant hormones, particularly auxins. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) was identified in cultures of this fungus in an l-tryptophan-supplemented liquid medium. IAA production was confirmed on 30 isolates of A. take from various hosts and locations at levels up to 1 mg/l. The biosynthetic pathway of IAA in A. take culture was examined by analyzing intermediate products and by feeding experiments. The results showed that the indole-3-pyruvic acid pathway (l-tryptophan → indole-3-pyruvic acid → indole acetaldehyde → IAA) was the dominant pathway in A. take. Received: June 3, 2002 / Accepted: July 25, 2002     

Inconspicuous restraint of rice seedling growth by root-infecting fungi in soil of a rice paddy field

 Rice seedling growth, estimated by plant height and root development and discoloration, was better in pasteurized soil than in unpasteurized soil obtained from a flooded rice field. Rice seedlings also grew better in sterilized soil modified by adding roots harvested from the pasteurized soil than in soil modified by adding roots harvested from the unpasteurized soil. The results demonstrate that seedling growth in the rice field soil was inhibited by soil microorganisms, even though no typical symptoms such as seedling blight or damping-off appeared. Pythium aristosporum is suggested to be involved in the inhibition. Thus, it appears that inconspicuous restraint of rice seedling growth could occur in soils of rice paddy fields. Received: May 20, 2002 / Accepted: October 16, 2002 Acknowledgments The authors thank Dr. T. Ichitani, former professor at Osaka Prefectural University, for providing an isolate of Pythium aristosporum for comparison, and Mr. Mitsuaki Sato of Akita Prefectural College of Agriculture for technical assistance.