参加央视《中国工作犬大集合》节目后两警犬再立新功

参加完中央电视台《中国工作犬大集合》节目后的工作犬,他们回到各自的岗位上,有什么突出表现呢?     

废渣固态发酵生产酵母蛋白质饲料及其产业化发展措施

文章综述了近几年来采用废渣固态发酵技术生产酵母蛋白质饲料的研究进展,对其应用前景和产业化发展措施进行了探讨,并提出制订固态发酵产的酵母粉的质量评估指标与质量标准,以规范该产品的生产、品管和销售市场。     

孕牛血清中早孕因子的分离纯化

采用DEAE－Sepharose(DEAE-琼脂糖凝胶）、CM－Sepharose(CM-琼脂糖凝胶）等离子交换层析、抗孕牛全血清IgG-Sepharose 4B亲和层析等技术，分离纯化妊娠4－5个月健康孕牛全血清中的早孕因子（EPF），用玫瑰花环抑制实验对各阶段产物EPF活性进行检测。结果表明，经层析过柱后的CM－ⅡA提取物有EPF活性。经SDS－PAGE银染显色证实它含有分子量为21、67、80KD的蛋白，实验结果支持21KD的多肽为主要EPF活性物成分。同时实验表明了亲和层析对进一步纯化EPF是可行的。     

基于超平面构建的高光谱异常目标检测方法

高光谱遥感影像具有光谱分辨率高、图谱合一的特点,影像中的地物组成也多种多样,针对图像数据中目标出现概率较小、检测概率较低等问题,本文提出了基于超平面构建的高光谱数据目标异常检测方法。它通过对高光谱数据的结构分析,构建出高维空间中的背景超平面算子,以待测像元在其正交子空间的投影值来表征异常程度的大小。通过OMIS和AVIRIS实测数据验证,并与RX算法相比较,基于超平面构建的高光谱异常检测算法能够在多种背景环境下检测出纯度高、光谱差异大的异常像元,并具有较高的检测率和较低的虚警率,因此具备了有效性和较好的实用性。     

蜂蜜中果糖含量近红外光谱试验研究

以68份蜂蜜样品为材料,利用傅立叶变换近红外光谱技术（NIR）结合偏最小二乘法（PLS）,建立了蜂蜜中果糖含量的近红外光谱数学模型,并对模型预测结果进行评价。结果表明,选择11065．36cm^-1～7857．90cm^-1波数范围内的光谱,进行SG预处理方法,用8个主成分建立的蜂蜜果糖含量模型效果最好,模型相关系数、校正均方差和预测均方差分别为0．9259、1．21和1．64。该方法具有快速、准确、成本低等特点。     

体外法研究不同水平的可发酵糖与尿素对瘤胃发酵及干物质降解率的影响

本试验采用3×3因子试验设计,应用体外法研究可发酵糖、尿素及其互作对瘤胃发酵及干物质降解率(DMD)的影响.可发酵糖的添加量分别为0、1.5、3 g/L发酵液;尿素的添加量为底物DM的0、0.5%、1%.结果表明:(1)随可发酵糖添加量的增加,显著降低发酵液的pH值、发酵残渣DMD(P<0.05),显著增加细菌氮产量(P<0.05),而氨氮(NH3-N)浓度在可发酵糖添加量为1.5 g/L时最高.(2)随尿素添加量的增加,提高发酵液的pH值、NH3-N浓度(P<0.01)、细菌氮产量(P>0.05),而DMD在尿素添加量为0.5%时降低,1%时达到最高.(3)可发酵糖与尿素的互作对发酵液pH值、NH3-N浓度及细菌氮水平的影响不显著(P>0.05),但极显著影响DMD(P<0.01).     

Computer image analysis of intramuscular adipocytes and marbling in the longissimus muscle of cattle

The deposition of fat in muscle, recognized by the consumer as marbling, is an important meat quality trait. The objective of the study was to provide additional insights into the quantitative extent of marbling by means of computer image analysis. Fifty-one F(2) generation German Holstein and Charolais crossbreed cattle, 18 mo of age, were used to determine relationships among marbling traits, adipocyte size, and the amount of adipose tissue in different depots. Differences were recorded among the size of i.m. adipocytes in different groups of marbling flecks, divided according to the location in the muscle cross-section and to the size of the marbling flecks. The results showed positive correlation between i.m. adipocyte size and the weight of s.c. fat, intestinal fat, omental fat, and perirenal fat (r = 0.50, 0.61, 0.70, and 0.63, respectively, P < 0.001). The i.m. adipocyte size was correlated with i.m. fat content, number of marbling flecks, proportion of marbling fleck area, and total length of marbling flecks (r = 0.71, 0.44, 0.62, and 0.55, respectively, P < 0.01). The number of marbling flecks was also correlated with i.m. fat content, proportion of marbling fleck area, and total length of marbling flecks (r = 0.58, 0.62, and 0.91, P < 0.01, respectively). The ventral marbling flecks had a 5-fold larger fleck area, 4-fold more adipocytes, and larger adipocytes (P < 0.001). Larger marbling flecks contained larger adipocytes (P < 0.001). Moreover, compared with the small marbling flecks, there was a 48-fold larger fleck area and 26-fold more adipocytes in the large marbling flecks. The results indicate that i.m. fat deposition increases concurrently with the other fat depots but is still independent. Furthermore, the i.m. fat is preferentially deposited in the ventral area of LM. Although the i.m. adipocyte size has an important effect on the traits of marbling flecks, cell number plays a greater role in i.m. fat deposition than cell size.     

兰州地区胡麻田杂草消长动态及群落生态位研究

采用田间调查和室内测定、相对丰度和生态位计算与分析相结合的方法,对兰州地区胡麻田杂草群落进行了研究。初步明确了兰州地区胡麻田间杂草种类共有11科23种,其中主要科为:禾本科、菊科、藜科、苋科和旋花科;优势种群为:地肤、狗尾草、藜、苣荬菜、稗草和打碗花。同时明确了优势杂草的消长变化规律,即4月中旬为杂草始发期,5月中旬和6月中旬为2个出草高峰期。优势杂草生态位的研究结果表明,地肤的综合生态位宽度值最大,对胡麻的危害最大,其次为狗尾草和藜;地肤与狗尾草的时间生态位重叠值最大,与苣荬菜的水平生态位重叠值最大;而苣荬菜和藜的垂直生态位重叠值最大,它们相互之间利用资源的相似性较高。利用相对丰度和生态位宽度均能确定优势杂草的种类,反映杂草对作物危害程度的大小。     

蜂胶的作用及其在猪生产中的应用

本文主要介绍了蜂胶的作用及其在猪生产中的应用。