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61.
Wagner M Melzner D Bagò Z Winter P Egerbacher M Schilcher F Zangana A Schoder D 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2005,52(6):278-283
We report the results of clinical and microbiological investigations on Listeria monocytogenes infections in a flock of 55 sheep and describe the implications for the safety of the raw milk and raw-milk cheeses produced in the on-farm dairy. The outbreak was caused by feeding grass silage, which was contaminated with 5 log10 CFU L. monocytogenes/g. Clinically, although having been fed from the same batch of silage, abortive (nine ewes), encephalitic (one ewe) and septicaemic (four ewes) forms of listeriosis were observed during the outbreak phase. As the starting point of feeding the contaminated silage was known we could calculate an incubation period of 18+/-2 and 26 days for the abortive and the encephalitic form of listeriosis, respectively. Pathologically, the septicaemic cases suffered from Listeria accumulation at comparable numbers in visceral organs but not in the brain. Only a single ewe developed central nervous symptoms and a rhomb-encephalitis was immunohistologically confirmed. In this case the infection proceeded from the nasal mucosa into the brain, with no infections of the liver, spleen and other visceral organs. Sampling of the cheese production chain, the farm environment and the persons living at the farm revealed the exposure of a farm-worker to an isolate genetically indistinguishable from the outbreak clone, obviously through the consumption of faecally contaminated bovine raw milk. The cheese under processing was free of Listeria because, as a result of intensive consultations, the farmer ensured a proper acidification of the cheese. The epidemiological findings suggest that food safety matters should be assessed in any case where infection of food-producing animals with potential human pathogens is observed. 相似文献
62.
Sow A Sidibé I Bengaly Z Marcotty T Séré M Diallo A Vitouley HS Nebié RL Ouédraogo M Akoda GK Van den Bossche P Van Den Abbeele J De Deken R Delespaux V 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,187(1-2):105-111
A longitudinal study assessed the chemoresistance to isometamidium chloride (ISM) and diminazene aceturate (DA) in the region of the Boucle du Mouhoun in Burkina Faso. A preliminary cross-sectional survey allowed the identification of the 10 villages with the highest parasitological prevalences (from 2.1% to 16.1%). In each of these 10 villages, two herds of approximately 50 bovines were selected, one being treated with ISM (1mg/kg b.w.) and the other remaining untreated as control group. All animals (treated and untreated herds) becoming infected were treated with DA (3.5mg/kg b.w.). In total, 978 head of cattle were followed up. Fortnightly controls of the parasitaemia and PCV were carried out during 8 weeks. The main trypanosome species was Trypanosoma vivax (83.6%) followed by Trypanosoma congolense (16.4%). In two villages, less than 25% of the control untreated cattle became positive indicating no need to use prophylactic treatment. These two villages were not further studied. Resistance to ISM was observed in 5 of the remaining 8 villages (Débé, Bendougou, Kangotenga, Mou and Laro) where the relative risk (control/treated hazard ratios) of becoming infected was lower than 2 i.e. between 0.89 (95% CI: 0.43-2.74) and 1.75 (95% CI: 0.57-5.37). In contrast, this study did not show evidence of resistance to DA in the surveyed villages with only 8.6% (n=93) of the cattle relapsing after treatment. Our results suggest that because of the low prevalence of multiple resistances in the area a meticulous use of the sanative pair system would constitute the best option to delay as much as possible the spread of chemoresistance till complete eradication of the disease by vector control operations. 相似文献
63.
对FC株猪源性肠毒素型大肠杆菌致病因子的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
FC菌株是一株从腹泻仔猪粪便中分离的肠毒素型大肠杆菌(Enterotoxigenic E.coli,ETEC)。在MRHA反应中,本菌能凝集人O型、豚鼠、马、绵羊、牛、鸡和兔的红细胞,对人O型和豚鼠红细胞有很高的血凝性,血抗K88和K99血清不能抑制其对豚鼠和绵羊红细胞的血凝。在体外小肠上皮细胞吸附试验中,本菌对仔猪小肠上皮细胞具有强烈的吸附作用;透射电镜和扫描电镜观察证实了FC株菌除表面具有一种纤毛样结构外,还能定居在仔猪小肠段。血清学试验结果表明,本菌的O抗原属于O101。K88和987P两种抗血清均不能凝集本菌,而K99和F41抗血清均可凝集。对纯化的FC株菌粘着素抗原作等电聚焦和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析,结果表明,该菌的粘着素是由等电点分别为4.61和9.78,分子量分别为29500和17500的两种蛋白质抗原所组成。此外,用乳鼠胃内投服试验和兔肠结扎试验证明,该菌只产生热稳定肠毒素。总之,本菌是一株能产生ST的K99,F41的肠毒素型大肠杆菌。 相似文献
64.
Development of an Indirect ELISA for the Detection of Antibodies against Peste-des-petits-ruminants Virus in Small Ruminants 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Balamurugan V Singh RP Saravanan P Sen A Sarkar J Sahay B Rasool TJ Singh RK 《Veterinary research communications》2007,31(3):355-364
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute, febrile, highly contagious and economically important viral disease of small
ruminants. A polyclonal antibody based indirect ELISA was developed for detection of antibodies to PPR virus in the serum
samples of goats and sheep using purified PPR viral antigen propogated in Vero cell culture. A threshold (cut-off) value was
set as twice the mean of the negative population based on the distribution of known negative serum samples in respect of PPR
virus antibodies in the test. A total of 1544 serum samples from goats and sheep were screened by indirect ELISA and competitive
ELISA. The indirect ELISA compared very well with competitive ELISA, with a high degree of specificity (95.09%) and sensitivity
(90.81%). When compared with virus neutralization test, the present assay had 100% specificity and 80% sensitivity. With serum
samples, the assay could clearly differentiate animals from the infected population from uninfected ones. These results suggest
that the indirect ELISA may be a good alternative tool to competitive ELISA for seroepidemiological surveys. 相似文献
65.
In vitro antimycoplasmal activity of six Jordanian medicinal plants against three Mycoplasma species
Al-Momani W Abu-Basha E Janakat S Nicholas RA Ayling RD 《Tropical animal health and production》2007,39(7):515-519
The in vitro effect of six Jordanian traditional medicine plant methanolic extracts were tested against 32 isolates of Mycoplasma species; Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides LC (6), Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum (8) and M. putrefaciens (18), all isolated from either nasal swabs or milk, from sheep and goats in different regions in Jordan. All Mycoplasma species showed susceptibility to Artemisia herba-alba and Artemisia arborescens with MIC ranges from 3.125–12.5 mg/ml. Allium sativum and Punica grantum showed limited activity against some Mycoplasma isolates. Olea europea and Citrullus colocynthis showed no in vitro activity against any of the Mycoplasma species tested. Artemisia herba-alba and Artemisia arborescens may therefore be useful for the treatment of mycoplasma infections.
The authors are British Civil Servants and as such their work is subject to British Crown Copyright. This means the exclusive
copyright for the article cannot be transferred. 相似文献
66.
黑麦日粮中添加不同酶制剂对肉仔鸡生产性能及肠道食糜粘度的影响 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
本文用180只肉仔鸡,进行饲养试验,研究黑麦日粮添加4种不同酶制剂,NQ、RM1、RM2和RM3,对肉仔鸡的生产性能以及肠道食糜及泄殖腔粪样粘度的影响。酶制剂NQ和RM1含有高的木聚糖酶活(7700IU/g,3450IU/g)能极显著改进(P<0.01)增重(8.4%,16.0%)和饲料转化率(15.4%,14.4%),RM2,含有相对低的木聚糖酶(60IU/g)和相对高的阿拉伯呋喃糖苷酶活(5.3IU/g),产生类似的效果(P<0.01):增重提高10.5%,饲料转化率提高11.8%,然而RM3,由于含木聚糖酶活较低(5IU/g)和较高的蛋白酶活(80IU/g),则对增重无效,但亦可改善饲料转化率(6.4%,P<0.05)。上述酶制剂在降低肠道食糜和泄殖腔粪样粘度方面与增重和饲料转化率有相同的趋势。一般说来,日粮中添加的酶量与食糜相应的粘度成倒数关系。这些结果证明:具有较高木聚糖酶活的酶制剂能明显降低肠道食糜和泄殖腔粪样的粘度,从而改善饲喂黑麦日粮肉仔鸡的生产性能。 相似文献
67.
ismail M 《Veterinary research communications》2007,31(4):467-476
The pharmacokinetics of difloxacin (Dicural) was studied in a crossover study using three groups (n = 4) of male and female Friesian calves after intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.) and subcutaneous (s.c.) administrations
of 5 mg/kg body weight. Drug concentration in plasma was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography using fluorescence
detection. The plasma concentration–time data following i.v. administration were best fitted to a two-compartment open model
and those following i.m. and s.c. routes were best fitted using one-compartment open model. The collected data were subjected
to a computerized kinetic analysis. The mean i.v., i.m. and s.c. elimination half-lives (t
1/2β) were 5.56 ± 0.33 h, 6.12 ± 0.42 h and 7.26 ± 0.6 h, respectively. The steady-state volume of distribution (V
dss) was 1.12 ± 0.09 L/kg and total body clearance (ClB) was 2.19 ± 0.1 ml/(min. kg). The absorption half lives (t
1/2ab) were 0.38 ± 0.027 h and 2.1 ± 0.09 h, with systemic bioavailabilities (F) of 96.5% ± 6.4% and 84% ± 5.5% after i.m. and s.c. administration, respectively. After i.m. and s.c. dosing, peak plasma
concentrations (C
max) of 3.38 ± 0.13 μg/ml and 2.18 ± 0.12 μg/ml were attained after (t
max) 1.22 ± 0.20 h and 3.7 ± 0.52 h. The MIC90 of difloxacin for Mannheimia haemolytica was 0.29 ± 0.04 μg/ml. The AUC/MIC90 and C
max/MIC90 ratios for difloxacin following i.m. administration were 120 and 11.65, respectively and following s.c. administration were
97.58 and 7.51, respectively. Difloxacin was 31.7–36.8% bound to calf plasma protein. Since fluoroquinolones display concentration-dependent
activities, the doses of difloxacin used in this study are likely to involve better pharmacodynamic characteristics that are
associated with greater clinical efficacy following i.m. administration than following s.c. administration. 相似文献
68.
V. I. Levakhin V. I. Kosilov S. I. Mironenko D. A. Andrienko E. A. Azhmuldinov 《Russian Agricultural Sciences》2015,41(6):481-484
The materials for studying the development of muscle tissue and particular skeletal muscles at the anatomical regions of the body in the red steppe young stock are presented in comparative aspects. Agerelated changes in the muscle tissue growth rates in different periods of rearing and fattening the animals were caused by both the unequal intensities of its development in different body parts and the increasing process of lipogenesis associated with aging. 相似文献
69.
70.