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91.
Yukiko Maruji Momoko Shimizu Michiyo Murata Masashi Ando Morihiko Sakaguchi Takashi Hirata 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(3):521-528
Boiled muscle extracts obtained from yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata and bastard halibut Paralichthys olivaceus were treated with two kinds of purified enzymes (acid phosphatase and glutamate decarboxylase), and the change in contents
of nucleotides, related compounds, and free amino acids was examined. The change in taste qualities was also investigated
by a taste test. The enzyme treatment resulted in a marked decrease in the contents of such umami substances as inosine 5′-monophosphate
(IMP) and glutamic acid (Glu). The taste test revealed that the treatment of these fish muscle extracts with both or either
of the enzymes caused a sharp decrease in umami intensity and also an increase in sourness but not a change in pH. The treatment
also effected marked decreases in thickness and overall taste intensity. These findings suggest that IMP and Glu function
not only to intensify the thickness and overall taste as well as the umami, but also to repress the sourness sensation elicited
by the fish muscle extracts. 相似文献
92.
Phospholipid methylation and biological signal transmission 总被引:64,自引:0,他引:64
Many types of cells methylate phospholipids using two methyltransferase enzymes that are asymmetrically distributed in membranes. As the phospholipids are successively methylated, they are translocated from the inside to the outside of the membrane. When catecholamine neurotransmitters, lectins, immunoglobulins or chemotaxic peptides bind to the cell surface, they stimulate the methyltransferase enzymes and reduce membrane viscosity. The methylation of phospholipids is coupled to Ca2+ influx and the release of arachidonic acid, lysophosphatidylcholine, and prostaglandins. These closely associated biochemical changes facilitate the transmission of many signals through membranes, resulting in the generation of adenosine 3',5'-monophophate in many cell types, release of histamine in mast cells and basophils, mitogenesis in lymphocytes, and chemotaxis in neutrophils. 相似文献
93.
Fujiwara A Kawaguchi J Yeomans DK Abe M Mukai T Okada T Saito J Yano H Yoshikawa M Scheeres DJ Barnouin-Jha O Cheng AF Demura H Gaskell RW Hirata N Ikeda H Kominato T Miyamoto H Nakamura AM Nakamura R Sasaki S Uesugi K 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,312(5778):1330-1334
During the interval from September through early December 2005, the Hayabusa spacecraft was in close proximity to near-Earth asteroid 25143 Itokawa, and a variety of data were taken on its shape, mass, and surface topography as well as its mineralogic and elemental abundances. The asteroid's orthogonal axes are 535, 294, and 209 meters, the mass is 3.51 x 10(10) kilograms, and the estimated bulk density is 1.9 +/- 0.13 grams per cubic centimeter. The correspondence between the smooth areas on the surface (Muses Sea and Sagamihara) and the gravitationally low regions suggests mass movement and an effective resurfacing process by impact jolting. Itokawa is considered to be a rubble-pile body because of its low bulk density, high porosity, boulder-rich appearance, and shape. The existence of very large boulders and pillars suggests an early collisional breakup of a preexisting parent asteroid followed by a re-agglomeration into a rubble-pile object. 相似文献
94.
This paper examines the increasingly popular chisan-chisho movement that has promoted the localization of food consumption in Japan since the late-1990s. Chisan-chisho emerged in the
context of a perceived crisis in the Japanese food system, particularly the long-term decline of agriculture and rural community
and more recent episodes of food scandals. Although initially started as a grassroots movement, many chisan-chisho initiatives
are now organized by governments and farmers’ cooperatives. Acknowledging that the chisan-chisho movement has added some important
resources and a conceptual framework, we nonetheless point out that chisan-chisho has been refashioned as a producer movement
by government as well as the Japan Agricultural Cooperative, capitalizing on local food’s marketing appeal. Chisan-chisho
to date has not been able to become a full-fledged citizen-based political mobilization nor address the issue of marginality
in the food system.
相似文献
Aya Hirata KimuraEmail: |
95.
Possibility of anisakid larvae infection in farmed salmon 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Koji Inoue Syun-Ichiro Oshima Tatsuyoshi Hirata and Ikuo Kimura 《Fisheries Science》2000,66(6):1049-1052
SUMMARY: Nematodes belonging to the family Anisakidae including Anisakis simplex and Pseudoterranova decipiens are known to cause anisakiasis when their live larvae are ingested by humans. We estimated the possibility of anisakid infection to salmonids, farmed in sea net-pens at Onagawa Bay, Miyagi, Japan, in 1992, 1998 and 1999, by direct examination of the edible muscle and examination of the contents of the alimentary canal. From direct examination of the muscle, no nematode was found in the 249 farmed coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch and 40 farmed rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss . In contrast, third-stage larvae of Anisakis simplex were found in seven of 14 wild coho salmon caught in Russia and all the 40 wild chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta caught at Nemuro and Kesennuma in 1998. The stomach and intestines of 521 farmed coho salmon and 40 farmed rainbow trout were examined carefully for the existence of possible carrier organisms such as crustaceans, fish or squid. Such carrier organisms were not found in the stomach and intestines of farmed fish. Thus, we conclude that the possibility of anisakid infection is very low in farmed salmonids. 相似文献
96.
ABSTRACTThe successful introduction of the C4 pathway into C3 crops would increase photosynthetic rates and crop productivity. However, our poor understanding of how Kranz leaf anatomy develops poses a great obstacle. In particular, the origin, development, and genetics of bundle sheath (BS) cells in C4 plants are key points to elucidate. Here we report that Elymus tsukushiensis, a common C3 grass of the subfamily Pooideae, contains chloroplasts in the mestome sheath (MS) cells of the leaf, unlike most MS cells of C3 grasses. The chloroplasts are smaller than those of mesophyll cells. Immunogold localization showed that the chloroplasts and mitochondria of MS cells, respectively, accumulate ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase and a photorespiratory enzyme, glycine decarboxylase, as in mesophyll cells. Thus, we suggest that the MS cells have weak photosynthetic and photorespiratory functions. This finding provides an insight into the development and evolution of C4-type BS cells in leaves of C3 grasses. 相似文献
97.
98.
Luqman Qurata Aini Hisae Hirata Shinji Tsuyumu 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2010,76(2):132-142
99.
100.
ZHANGYan-ju LIUYa-guang DIAOZhuo YUTAKAHirata 《东北农业大学学报(英文版)》2004,11(2):113-117
To introduce CMV resistance to susceptible variety, interspecific grafting between d45-6 (Capsicum annuum) and LS1205 (C. baccatum) was conducted. The graft-progenies, G1 and G1S1 were obtained. Mechanical inoculation with CMV showed that disease index of G1and G1S1 were significantly decreased, similar to that of the resistant stock. EUSA serological test indicated that resistance of LS1205 and the graft-progenies to CMV was caused by inhibition of virul replication. Further, peroxidase isozymatic analysis revealed that zymotypes of G1 were a summation of those found in the donor plants. This result perfectly fit the theory of gene transformation and reconfirmed the conclusion of mechanism of graft-induced variants. 相似文献