谷子PEPC基因的鉴定及其对非生物逆境的响应特性

磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶(phosphoenolpyruvatecarboxylase,PEPC)是C4植物光合作用关键酶,并在植物多种代谢途径及逆境信号应答过程中起重要作用。本研究通过序列比对,从谷子基因组中筛选出6个SiPEPC候选基因。SiPEPC蛋白特征参数相似度很高,序列非常保守,都含有PEPC基因特征功能域PEPcase Motif。SiPEPC成员主要被定位在细胞质、细胞核和线粒体。在SiPEPC成员启动子序列中含大量有光、激素、逆境以及其他生长调控相关的顺式应答元件。苗期逆境qRT-PCR表达谱分析表明,5个SiPEPC基因(SiPEPC1、SiPEPC2、SiPEPC3、SiPEPC5、SiPEPC6)不同程度受ABA、PEG、高盐和低温诱导表达,表明其参与了苗期对非生物逆境的响应。5个SiPEPC基因表达量在正常生长条件下随着谷子的生长呈增强趋势,且在不同生育时期干旱胁迫下明显增加,表明其参与了拔节、抽穗、灌浆期的干旱胁迫应答。拔节期弱光可诱导5个SiPEPC基因的表达,而在拔节期中等强度光照以及抽穗期和灌浆期的中等光照和弱光照下表达量均急剧降低,揭示光照强度严重影响...     

番茄抗黄化曲叶病毒病相关基因ClNLR 的功能分析

 在前期通过转录组研究发现1 个NBS-LRR 类抗病基因（Solyc05g009760.1）在抗TYLCV 番茄材料‘CLN2777A’中上调表达，推测可能参与抵抗TYLCV 侵染的防卫反应的基础上，以‘CLN2777A’ 番茄为材料，通过RT-PCR 克隆该基因全长cDNA 序列，命名为ClNLR。荧光定量PCR 发现ClNLR 在番 茄‘CLN2777A’的根和叶片中高水平表达。ClNLR 在本氏烟叶片上的瞬时表达诱导了过敏性反应。病毒 诱导的基因沉默（VIGS）抑制ClNLR 基因在抗病番茄‘CLN2777A’中表达后，接种TYLCV，检测叶片 带毒量，发现VIGS 处理的番茄植株体内的TYLCV 积累量与其ClNLR 基因表达水平成反比。这些研究结 果表明ClNLR 可能为抗番茄黄化曲叶病的相关基因。     

仔猪产气荚膜梭菌肠毒血症病原分离及疫苗研究Ⅵ.疫苗的本动物免疫效力试验及保存期试验

用实验室制备的仔猪产气荚膜梭菌肠毒血症A型疫苗、C型疫苗和AC型二价疫苗各3批,分别免疫接种初产或无特异性中和抗体的经产怀孕后期妊娠母猪36头.免疫母猪所产仔猪在其采食初乳后,分别攻击致死量的产气英膜梭菌毒素.试验结果表明,3种疫苗对免疫母猪所产仔猪的保护率分别为100%、100%和96.63%.疫苗保存期试验表明,疫苗在2～8℃条件下保存3年,其效力保持不变.     

论当代中国林地流转机理及政策含义

林地,是多功能的综合体。作为一种生态体系,林地具有不可替代的、重要的生态环境保护功能;作为一种生产要素,林地是重要的经济资源,林业生产具有规模经济效应;作为农户最基本的生产要素,土地(包括农地和林地)的分配,是体现社会公平的重要尺度。作为一个人多地少的社会主义国家,为了体现社会公平,体现村集体农户人人平等的原则,要对林地进行平均分配、分散分配,这是林地政治功能的要求。但是,这种分     

天津滨海生态防护圈植物群落盐分积累与分配规律研究

对天津滨海生态防护圈 4种植物群落盐分离子积累和分配规律研究表明 ,除未计叶片与枯落物外 ,K、Na、Ca、Mg和Cl 5种元素年均积累量草本群落 (343.89kg/hm2 ) >乔灌草群落 (5 9.79kg/hm2 ) >灌木群落(5 5 .4 6kg/hm2 ) >灌草群落 (18.87kg/hm2 )。各植物群落土壤主要盐分离子Na和Cl年积累量有较大差异 ,海滨滩涂草本群落Na、Cl分别为 6 0 .2 2kg/hm2 和 2 18.35kg/hm2 ,灌草群落为 2 .0 4kg/hm2 和 5 .775kg/hm2 ;改良土壤的乔灌草群落为 2 .385kg/hm2 和 11.76kg/hm2 ,灌木群落为 3.95kg/hm2 和 16 .74kg/hm2 。植物各器官盐分积累乔木以根系积累为主 ,灌木枝条积累量略大于根。复层结构群落盐分离子积累呈现极强的层次性 ,乔灌草群落各层次 5种盐分离子积累量占总量百分比为乔木层 >灌木层 >草本层 ;而灌草群落则为灌木层 >草本层。     

水稻多聚半乳糖醛酸酶抑制蛋白家族OsPGIP结构及基因表达特征 分析

Polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein, the extracellular leucine-rich repeat protein, specially recognizing and inhibiting polygalacturonase (PG) from pathogenic organism, can improve the resistance of plant against the pathogen. In order to clarify the structures of OsPGIPs and the expression profile of its encoding genes in rice, seven OsPGIP (polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein) genes were amplified from rice cDNA by PCR. Bioinformatics analysis and structural prediction of OsPGIPs were performed and expression profile of its encoding genes under biotic and abiotic stresses was determined after these genes being cloned and sequenced. The results showed that PGIPs from the same or similar species had high similarity. Through multi-sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis, it was found that most OsPGIPs had closer genetic relationship, but all of them could not be grouped in one group. All OsPGIPs had a signal peptide and 9 to11 LRR fragments included the typical PGIP’s motif of xxLxLxx. Secondary structure prediction indicated that all OsPGIPs consist of ɑ-helix (H), extended strand (ES) and random coil (RC), which construct repeated RC-H-RC-ES- and form a typical concave coinciding with the right-hand helix rule. The concave might be responsible for the interaction between OsPGIPs and PGs from different agents. Most of the seven OsPGIPs were stable, and they all were hydrophobic proteins, good lipid solubility, with transmembrane structure, extrcellular localization, one or more N-glycosylation sites, and basically insoluble after expression in E. coli. After being treated with biotic and abiotic stress factors, the expression levels of different OsPGIP genes in rice were significantly up-regulated or down-regulated, but the total expression levels were significantly up-regulated, which indicated that rice could improve its own ability against stresses by regulating the expression levels of OsPGIP genes under stress conditions.     

Relationships between Cd concentrations in different vegetables and those in arable soils,and food safety evaluation of vegetables in Taiwan

Abstract

The cadmium (Cd) accumulation capacity of various vegetables and the relationship between Cd concentrations in edible parts of vegetables and those in soils were assessed by conducting field experiments at Cd-contaminated sites in northern and central Taiwan. In addition, to thoroughly assess Cd concentrations in vegetables and to understand the food safety of vegetables in Taiwan, 2257 paired vegetable and surface soil samples were collected from major vegetable production areas for Cd concentration analysis. According to the bioconcentration factors calculated, the Cd accumulation capacity varied considerably among the vegetable species tested, and the order of the five vegetables with the highest capacities is peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) > amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L.) > spinach (Spinacia oleraceae L.) > gynura (Gynura bicolor DC.) > okra (Hibiscus esculentus L.), whereas the order of the five vegetables with the lowest capacities is bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) < cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) < asparagus bean (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. ssp. sesquipedalis (L.) Verdc.) < snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) < sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrica Roem.). We derived 29 soil–plant transfer models of Cd for individual vegetable species based on available pools of the Cd, manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) concentrations; soil pH; and cation exchange capacity (CEC). According to the derived models, the available Cd, Mn and Zn concentrations, and pH, served as the main factors affecting Cd concentrations in the edible parts of vegetables, whereas the CEC and available Cu and Fe concentrations are less important factors. The data of previous studies and those of this study from major vegetable production areas, including 30 vegetable crops, were used to evaluate the safety of vegetables in Taiwan. The results indicated that the percentage of vegetables with Cd concentrations exceeding the regulatory concentration was 0.54%; therefore, the food safety concern is low. However, 9.8, 1.0, 0.9 and 0.6% of amaranth, cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. Capitata Group), Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis Skeels.) and carrot (Daucus carota L.), respectively, had Cd concentrations in the edible parts exceeding the regulatory concentration. Particular attention should be paid when planning production areas for these vegetables. We recommend cultivating peanuts in fields with a soil Cd concentration < 0.33 mg kg^?1. The bioconcentration factors and soil–plant transfer models derived in this study might serve as assessment tools for planning farming areas for these vegetables.     

Applying DNA techniques to the identification of the species of dressed toasted eel products

To differentiate the species of processed eel products, the gene identification of four fresh eel species was first established and the species of eel products collected from markets were investigated. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and sequence analysis were used to determine the genetic variation in a 362-nucleotide region of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene in four fresh eels including Anguilla japonica, Anguilla anguilla, Anguilla rostrata, and Muraenesox cinereus. It was found that each eel species had a unique genotype, which was no different among fresh, frozen, and sterilized meats. The restriction enzyme HinfI could differentiate the species of A. japonica and A. rostrata but could not differentiate A. anguilla and M. cinereus. Another restriction enzyme, Sau96 I, was valuable in the differentiation of M. cinereus from the other three species of Anguilla. By applying PCR and restriction enzymes, the species of 12 commercial eel products were identified as A. japonica (9 samples), A. anguilla (2), and A. rostrata (1). This indicated that the sequence and restriction enzyme cutting site analyses were very usable to authenticate species of different processed eel products.     

辽宁省西瓜发生瓜类细菌性果斑病

瓜类细菌性果斑病是我国检疫性病害,也是西瓜和甜瓜的一种毁灭性病害,除在我国陕西、河北、山西、海南、台湾、内蒙古、新疆、山东、广东、湖北、黑龙江、云南等地有发生以外,辽宁省西瓜也发现瓜类细菌性果斑病。     

羊布氏菌病iiELISA抗体检测方法的建立及应用

建立了以布鲁氏菌脂多糖(LPS)为抗原,用于检测羊布鲁氏菌IgG抗体的间接酶联免疫吸附试验(iELISA)方法,并对该方法的敏感性、特异性、重复性、稳定性、符合率进行了评价.结果表明,iELISA比SAT和RBPT的敏感性高60 ～ 150倍;该方法特异性强,可有效区分布鲁氏菌与大肠杆菌O157和都柏林沙门氏菌的IgG抗体,但尚无法与小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌O9的IgG抗体相区分;批间重复性试验和批内重复性试验变异系数分别为1.1％～9.8％,2.9％ ～9.8％,表明该方法具有良好的可重复性;保存期试验显示包被好的酶标板在4℃保存11个月,检测结果稳定.iELISA和RBPT检测385份来自不同地区的血清结果表明,阳性符合率为95.14％,阴性符合率为96.28％,对1932份临床血清样本的检测结果与RBPT比较,总符合率为91.7％,证明此方法可以应用于临床羊布鲁氏菌病的筛查.