种衣剂17号包衣对小麦条锈菌影响的组织病理学研究

种衣剂１７号内含三唑醇等杀菌剂和其它化学成分，小麦种子用种衣剂包衣，出苗后一叶期接咱小麦条锈菌毒性小种，采用荧光染色技术和整叶透明技术，研究了种衣剂１７号对条锈菌在寄主内发育的影响。观察结果表明，该种衣剂对对叶表的夏孢子萌发和芽管入侵无明显影响，但可使菌丝扩展和菌丝分枝严重受抑，吸器母细胞和吸器形成的数目减少，每一侵染点的吸器一般不超过２个，并且对吸器具有致畸作用。在多数侵染点内可观察到寄主细胞坏     

Monoclonal antibody-based competitive ELISA for simultaneous detection of rinderpest virus and peste des petits ruminants virus antibodies

An experimental competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (morbillivirus cELISA) using a recombinant N antigen (rRPV N) expressed in a baculovirus and a ruminant morbillivirus (RPV and PPRV)-specific monoclonal antibody (P-13A9) was developed for simultaneous detection of rinderpest virus (RPV) and peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) antibodies and its diagnostic performance was evaluated. A set of known reference antisera against RPV and PPRV belonging to different lineages, experimental sera from cattle vaccinated for a RPV of Asian lineage, and field sera from cattle and sheep/goat populations known to be positive (West Africa) and negative (Korea) for RPV and PPRV were used for the evaluation. Morbillivirus cELISA results on the panel of experimental RPV and PPRV antisera showed high correlation (r=0.97) between the whole virus and the rRPV N antigens, suggesting that the rRPV N contains a ruminant morbillivirus-specific antigenic determinant recognized by the P-13A9 and it may be suitable as an ELISA antigen in place of the whole virus. Morbillivirus cELISA detected anti-RPV and anti-PPRV antibodies in all reference RPV and PPRV antisera containing VN titers >/=1:8, suggesting that the assay can simultaneously detect antibodies against RPV and PPRV. Anti-RPV antibody was detected by morbillivirus cELISA in vaccinated cattle as early as the VNT and continued to be detectable by both the cELISA and the VNT until termination of the study. When applied to field samples from Africa, morbillivirus cELISA showed good agreement with a RP cELISA kit (kappa value of 0.86) in bovine sera and with a peste des petits ruminant cELISA kit (kappa value of 0.81) in caprine/ovine sera. Usefulness of morbillivirus cELISA using the rRPV N protein was discussed.     

Nitrogen balance in barrows fed low-protein diets supplemented with essential amino acids

This study was conducted to determine the effect of addition of essential amino acids (EAA) to low-protein diets on N balance in barrows. Thirty barrows (Duroc × Yorkshire) with an initial BW of 36 kg were fed 5 corn- and soybean meal-based diets containing 13.6 to 18.2% crude protein (CP) for 10 d in a randomized complete block design. The 18.2% CP diet was formulated without addition of EAA (Lys, Met or Thr). The other diets contained 13.6 to 16.5% CP and were supplemented with EAA to provide 0.83% true digestible lysine equal to that in the 18.2% CP diet. Fecal, urinary, and total N excretion as well as N retention (g/d) decreased with decreasing dietary CP level (P < 0.01). The apparent digestibility of N was almost the same for the 18.2 and 16.5 CP diets, but the value was 2% higher (P = 0.07) than that for the 13.6% CP diet. These findings indicate that, compared with the 18.2% CP diets, supplementation with three EAA to the lowest-protein diets (13.6 CP) is inadequate for maximum intestinal protein digestion, amino acid absorption, or tissue protein deposition in growing barrows.     

架面不同部位对无核剂处理木纳格葡萄无核化效果的影响

用无核剂在花前、花后两次浸渍白木纳格和红木纳格葡萄花序和果穗,结果表明,架面各部位的花期没有明显差异,红木纳格花期更集中.架面前部的白木纳格、红木纳格可获得98.7%、93.8%的无核果率和7.36g、7.41g的果实粒重,架面中后部的果实无核果率、果粒重等品质有不同程度的下降.     

Enriched production of N-hydroxycinnamic acid amides and biogenic amines in pepper (Capsicum annuum) flowers

The biosynthesis of N-hydroxycinnamic acid amides (HCAAs), such as feruloyltyramine, p-coumaroyltyramine, feruloylserotonin, and p-coumaroylserotonin, in pepper plants was investigated in view of the activity of their corresponding enzymes and substrate levels. Almost all HCAAs were found in flowers, whereas the enzyme activity essential for HCAA biosynthesis seemed to be expressed constitutively in all tissues tested. The highest levels of the biogenic amines tyramine and serotonin, the key amine substrates, were also found in flowers, indirectly suggesting that the amine substrates play an important regulatory role in the synthesis of HCAAs.     

采后热空气处理对金冠苹果后熟衰老及病害的影响

金冠苹果采用38℃,72h或96h热空气处理,可降低0℃贮藏中果实的呼吸强度和乙烯释放量,延缓非溶性果胶的降解,维持较高的硬度、脆度,同时也会加速果皮的褪绿变黄和固酸比的上升,尤其是38℃96h处理的作用效果更为明显,显著提高了货架期后(20℃7d)苹果的质地品质和可接受程度,延缓衰老。苹果分别接种扩展青霉、灰葡萄孢霉,0℃和20℃条件下其病害发生率和腐烂均很严重,采用38℃96h热空气处理可以完全控制病害的发生,避免腐烂。可见,热空气处理一方面能延缓金冠苹果的后熟衰老,另一方面还能控制贮期病害的发生。     

塔里木盆地沙漠化防治措施及其效益

土地沙漠化是干旱,半干旱地区普遍存在的一个重大环境问题。塔里木盆地是我国沙漠化危害最严重的地区之一,但干旱多风的自然条件引起的沙漠化,仅占现代沙漠化面积的１５．１３％,说明沙漠化土地是可以治理的,本文概述了农田林网,林网内农林复合经营,防沙林带,灌草带,造林固沙等沙漠化防治措施及其效果。     

陆生固氮蓝藻对土壤环境的影响

我们于１９８８－１９９０－年通过野外调查和室外试验,探讨了陆生固氮蓝藻对土壤环境的影响。试验证明,陆生固氮蓝藻可以利用空气中的分子态氮合成氮素化合物,不断地加富土壤中的氮化物。同时,由于它们大量的繁殖和死亡腐解也增加了土壤中的有机物质使土肿微生物的生长和活动更加旺盛,土     

The Comparative Anatomical Study of the Parietal Region of the Skull of the Korean Native Goat (Capra Hircus)

In the skull of the Korean native goat, the parietal region was classified into four types by the degree of the fusion of the bones, the os interparietale, the os parietale and the squama occipitalis of the os occipitale, and the structural variations of these fusions. The fusion appeared first in the sutura inter-parietoparietalis and that of the sutura sagittalis of both ossa parietalia was followed. There was no fusion between the os parietale and the squama occipitalis of the os occipitale. These results suggest that the os interparietale developed independently but fused to the os parietale after birth, and the os parietale were developed as paired bones in prenatal life and then fused together according to age.